كلية التربية
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Item مفهوم التوسط والإعتدال في الإسلام في تربية الأبناء من وجهة نظر التربويين بولاية(222-04-22) نجاة الامين العوضالمستخلص باللغة العربية: تأتي أهمية البحث في موضوعه الذي يعد عنصراً جوهرياً في ميادين التربية وعلم النفس التربوي كما يهدف البحث إلي ضرورة تطبيق هذا المفهوم في تربية النشيء تربية إجتماعية بدءاً من الأسرة والمجتمع والعمل علي إشباع رغبات وحاجات الأبناء بمفهوم معتدل وتلبية رغباتهم في إعتدال مما يحقق السلامة النفسية لهم والعمل علي ضرورة تطبيق مبدأ الوسطية في كل نواحي الحياة . إستخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي يحلل البيانات وله القدرة من تحديد الظاهرة التي يدرسها وإستنباط العلاقات المهمة بين الظاهرة ومتعلقاتها ومعرفة العلاقة بين الفقرة والدرجة الكلية للمقياس ولقياس هذا المفهوم أعدت الباحثة مقياساً لهذا الغرض مستعينة ببناء إستبانة ذات الأسئلة المفتوحة تتكون من سؤال واحد لجمع أكبر قدر من المعلومات ثم توزيعه علي 18 تربوي بولاية الخرطوم وبعد أن جمعت البيانات حددت الفقرات وحددت المجالات ثم بناء إستبانة لعينة إستطلاعية قوامها 30 تربوي تألفت من مجموعة من الفقرات ذات الأوزان الخماسية وخضعت هذه الإستبانة لإجراءات الصدق عن طريق معامل ارتباط بيرسون وأساليب الثبات بإستخدام طريقة الفاكرو نباخ أخيراً تم بناء إستبانة نهائية وزعت علي عينة قوامها 150 تربوي بولاية الخرطوم 5% من العدد الكلي حسب إحصائية وزارة التربية والتعليم الولائية 2974 منهم 84% ذكور و 56% أناث تمت معالجة اليبانات إحصائياً . أما النتائج التي توصلت إليها الباحثة : - أن مفهوم التوسط والإعتدال في الإسلام في تربية الأبناء من وجهة تظر التربويين تتسم بالإرتفاع . - عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الذكور والإناث في مجتمع الدراسة من حيث وجهة نظرهم في مفهوم التوسط والإعتدال في الإسلام . - لا توجد فروق في وجهات نظر ذوي التخصص حول مفهوم التوسط والإعتدال في الإسلام . - توجد علاقة أرتباطية داله فى مفهوم التوسط والاعتدال فى الاسلام من وجهة نظر التربويين وكل من المستوى التعليمى . ا. -توجد علاقة ارتباطية داله فى مفهوم التوسط والاعتدال فى الاسلام من وجهة نظر التربويين وسنوات الخبرة .Item الدور الاشرافي لمدير المدرسة المتوسطة بمحافظة المخواة التعليمية تجاة المعلمين(جامعة النيلين, 1423) جمعان بن منحوس بن سوقان العمريabstract Objectives of the study: First: This study illustrates the supervisory role of Intermediate Schools Headmasters towards teachers in Al-mikhwah District in the following areas: . 1- Assisting the teachers to achieve professionalprogress and improve their performance. 2- keeping the teachers acquainted with the personal characteristics they should have. 3- Helping the teachers to build good relations with others. Second: To gain suggestions that enable the responsible staff to set good plans to improve the supervisory role of the headmasters’ of the Intermediate Schools in Al-mikhwah District . Sample: 1.Random sample repesents the teachers of Intermediate Schools in Al-makhwah Educational District .they were 47 teachers from 422 and this sample is about 11%. 2. All the headmasters in Al-makhwah District who were 47. this sample includes all the context. Tools of the study: Two questionnaires,one for teachers & the other for Headmasters. Conclusions:- * The headmaster performs his supervision on helping the teachers to achieve professional progress and improve their performance averagely from the teachers’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 3.29 ) and highly from the headmasters’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 4.01 ). * The headmaster performs his supervisory role in telling the teachers about the personal characteristics they should have averagely from the teachers’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 3.95) and highly from the headmasters’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about (4.38 ). * The headmaster performs his supervision on helping the teacher to build good relations averagely from the teachers‘ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about (3.52 ) and highly from the headmasters’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 4.31 ). *There are statistical significant differences at the level of indication 0,01 between the teachers and headmasters responses on the first question for headmasters’ responses. *There are no statistical significant differences on the second question at the level of indication 0,01 between the teachers and headmasters responses“ *There are statistical significant differences at the level of indication 0,01between the teachers’ and Headmasters’responses on the third question for headmasters’ response . *There are statistical significant differences at the level of indication 0.01 between the teachers’ and headmasters’ opinions on all the question of the study for headmasters’ . l'€Sp0l1S€. Recommendations 1. To nominate headmasters for a training program in educational supervision to enable them to help teachers to achieve performance. 2. Hold meetings to in form teachers about their superrvisony role in helping teachers to build good relations with others . _ _ _ 3. Selecting headmasters according to the standards and requirments mentioned in circular iio:589/31 in 4/9I1416HItem الإدارة المدرسية وفق الصلاحيات الممنوحة لمديرات المدارس الابتدائية في منطقة الباحة بالمملكة العربية السعودية : دراسة تحليلية تقويمية(1428) منى بنت محمد علي الغامديAbstract According=to headmasters notion ,,the study 's result shows,-_ 1) The head masters strongly agree on the practice of the professional, ' academic, cultural, social, and personal sufficiency . 2) Th ere are no statistic differences for the practice degree of headmasters for the professional, academic, cultural, personal, and social sufficiency according to qualifications y 3) there is no incorporeal difference on social personal sufficiency field due to experience years ,but there is an incorporeal difference on cultural ' ,professional and academic sufficiency field due to experience years ,' the 5- 10 year experience group showed the least approval for the the fields of the professional su_fficiency ,academic sufficiency and cultural sufficiency 4) There is a strong incorporeal connection between the fields of professional sufficiency, academic sufficiency, cultural sufficiency and social sufficiency. Recommendations According to the study, the following is recommended. It is advisable to; 1) Apply continually the authority given to the headmasters. 2) Provide more authority to help the headmasters play a stronger role in keeping teachers discipline, absence and in solving their personal problems. 3) Provide more authority to help headmasters solve the educational and behavior problems. , ~ 4) Provide more authority to help headmasters prepare, implement and evaluate educational programs and also to help them participate in developing syllabus and in making suggestions related to educational policy. 5) Provide incorporeal and financial motives for headmasters. 6)It is recommended that programmers of headmasters training courses should design reinforced courses in the field of administration with focus on academic, professional, cultural, personal and social sufficiency. 7) Design long training courses (a whole term) for headmasters as applied in boys’ education.Item الإدارة المدرسية وفق الصلاحيات الممنوحة لمديرات المدارس الابتدائية في منطقة الباحة بالمملكة العربية السعودية(1428) منى بنت محمد على الغامديItem الإدارة المدرسية وفق الصلاحيات الممنوحة لمديرات المدارس الابتدائية في منطقة الباحة بالمملكة العربية السعودية : دراسة تحليلية(جامعة النيلين, 1428) مني بنت محمد علي الغامديabstract According to headmasters notion ,the study's result shows ; 1) The head masters strongly agree on the practice of the professional, academic, cultural, social, and personal sufficiency . 2) There are no statistic differences for the practice degree of headmasters for the professional, academic, cultural, personal, and social sufficiency according to qualifications 3) there is no incorporeal difference on social personal sufficiency field due to experience years ,but there is an incorporeal difference on cultural ,professional and academic sufficiency field due to experience years ; the 5-10 year experience group showed the least approval for the the fields of the professional sufficiency ,academic sufficiency and cultural sufficiency 4) There is a strong incorporeal connection between the fields of professional sufficiency, academic sufficiency, cultural sufficiency and social sufficiency. Recommendations According to the study, the following is recommended. It is advisable to; 1) Apply continually the authority given to the headmasters. 2) Provide more authority to help the headmasters play a stronger role in keeping teachers discipline, absence and in solving their personal problems. 3) Provide more authority to help headmasters solve the educational and behavior problems. 4) Provide more authority to help headmasters prepare, implement and evaluate educational programs and also to help them participate in developing syllabus and in making suggestions related to educational policy. 5) Provide incorporeal and financial motives for headmasters. 6)It is recommended that programmers of headmasters training courses should design reinforced courses in the field of administration with focus on academic, professional, cultural, personal and social sufficiency. 7) Design long training courses (a whole term) for headmasters as applied in boys' educatioItem تطور التربية والتعليم في الاردن في الفترة 1952 - 1997(جامعة النيلين, 1999) سامي مشهور المجاليAbstract This study aimed at highlighting the status quo of the educational process and its development in Jordan and the nature of the internal and external changes which influenced that development in the two stages : pro-educational development (1952-l987),and post- educational development stages (1988-1997) . In order to get to this aim , the study answered the following main question : How was the educational process developed in Jordan since 1952-1997 , and to what extent had it been influenced by the conditions of economical , political and the First National Educational ‘ Development Conference held in 1987 . J The scholar followed both the historical and descriptive method in order to gather the study required data . Data had been collected from various resources some of which are objective and the others are subjective . The most important resources were : the educational legistlative series issued by the Jordanian state if Institution , the scientific works theoretical readings stemmed from the educational movement pace , and the free interviews with persons responsible of the educational activity administration in the Jordanian society . Through analysis of its data , the study pointed out the following results : - The year 1952 was considered the begining of the real ' educational changing stage in Jordan . The beginning of this stage had been clarified by a number of internal and external alternatives effectiveness that influenced the level of the educational systematic effectiveness in Jordan . One of these alternatives is the accession of the late king Hussein to the throne and his determination to carry out the required social change in the country . In this period there was an increasing feeling towards generalizing education , transferring it from just for the elite to education is for all, widening education opportunities to meet the needs of the people , the necessity for educational reform , ' creating a modern educational system closely relevant to the aims of the Jordanian system concerning social and polititical values ,and meeting the needs of the largest number of the population in order to make the system more democratic . Education is viewed asvery important and it positively influences the social development and conserves its institutions . All those alternatives and many others gave birth to the educational legislative series which very much contributed to crystallize an ideal Jordanian philosophy of education which sprang from the resources of the Arab Islamic and the international culture . ' In view of the philosophy of education in Jordan , which combines authenticity with modernity , public with private , internal with external , quantity with quality , and the _ objective with the personal , education has progressed until the second third of 1967 . During 1967 and some years later there were some political and military changes ( 1967 setback , 1970 Sept incidents) . These changes , and the economic and social effects which followed , had a total impact on the capacity of the educational mode . ’ The method used to face objective problems in Jordan was not efficient enough , a fact which led to slowing down the pace of education . ' Education regained its pace at the end of 1970 when the counrty became politically stable , and due to the industrial movement , urbanization , the status of women , and population growth . ' In the light of the changes the educational movement witnessed in Jordan during the seventies , education progressed quantitatively rather than qualitatively , due to the data of the educational mode itself, whereby the data could no longer develop itself qualitatively because of lack of resources , increase of debts ,unemployment , financial and administrative corruption , and poverty . Since the educational mode in Jordan needed development, the Ministry of Education reviewed all elements of the education system , with the aim of assessing its effectiverness and modernity , and found out that all these elements needed development and modernization . In the light of this decision , which is based on objective facts , emerged the Conference for Educational Development in Sept , 1987 . This Confernce was able to defermine all educational policies required for bringing about educational reform in Jordan . According to the recommedations of the Educational Development Conference ~, several educational programs have been designed , coordinated and followed up, the mosti mpostant of which are : updating educational legislations , deepening the qualitative impact of educational development ,through improving in-service teacher training programs in accordance with the new curricula, upgrading capabilities of teachers, improving their performance, and enabling them to make use of diagnostic techniques , capacity - building of administrative leadership developing quality ofschool buildings with the aim of improving the teaching learning environment , developing a rational system for construction of school - buildings for the purpose of accommodating the increasing numbers of pupils , developing curricula and school - textbooks , in light of innovative types of knowledge , diversifying school education and individualizing it on the basis of student capability and community requirements , reducing educational wastage through controlling rate of student failure,and considering school a basic unit for educational and social development through educational innovations. . Educational development has coped with changes and developments taking place at the local and regional levels . In addition , it has been affected by socio -economic transformations like the Gulf war , which had a remarkable impact on implementation of educational development plans and programs . Needless to say that this war hindered emergence of more developed and modern innovations . This study ,with its historical and descriptive approach , dealt with the educational movement in Jordan , as well as factors affecting it , and emphasized that educational development is adapted to contemporary conditions and issues , with the aim of improving education qualitatively . In view of the study conclusions , the following recommendations have been arrived at : . -t The necessity of providing proper physical and human resources for achievement of objectives of education . - Expanding concepts of administrative decentralization , and deepening institutionalization in decision - making . - _ - Involving the different sectors of community such as , Ministries of Health and Agriculture, universities , companies as well as public and private institutions , in preparing curricula . Moreorer , employers should be involved in designing vocational education curricula , in particular , to - meet labour market requirements . Developing the theoritical and practical courses taken at the Educational Sciences Colleges in the universities of Jordan with the aim of responding to the objectives of teacher certification programs . ' Developing educational supervision and providing it with all available facilities to enable supervisors to perform their tasks effectively . Developing capabilities of teachers and their performance in the classroom . Reconsidering the policy of distributing pupils to the different streams of vocational education to meet labour market requirements , with the aim of enhancing the status of this type of education . Developing the Genral Secondary Certificate Examination ' through including some scores of prerious grades into the final average , and stressing measurement of mental capabilities , rather than focus on memorization . Establishing a real and efficient partnership between the different educational and social institutions . Focussing on educational services such as , school health and nutrition , libraries , activities , educational counselling; and maintenance of school — building , as well as generalizing them to the whole schools in the Kingdom . Providing sufficient material resources required for realizing the goals of education .Item إتجاهات طلبة الصف الثاني الثانوي العلمي (التوجيهي) نحو البيئة في مدارس لواء قصبة الزرقاء في الاردن(جامعة النيلين, 1999) عبدالعزيز عطا الله المعايطةABSTRACT Enviromnent represents the total o_f circum stences & external factors, in which the living being live & it affects the vital operations carried out by their beings, this environment represent nature such as desert; the seas, climate, territorialfeatures, water, plants, animals & social environment. It also represents the social relationships that are found among individuals & groups environment studies have occupied an important position in the last ears of the twentieth century, ‘as a result of the increase of population that was accompanied by technological & scientific an cement in all walks of live & the spread of factories & the increase of their wastes. This study aimed identifying the attitudes of second secondary students the scientific stream, at Zarqa district schools in Jordan, towards the environment, taking in to account that Zarqa city is characterized by a high population density & a lot of factories. The study aimed answering the following sub- questions: l. Do the student’s attitudes towards environments differ according to the family’s income? . 2. Do the student’s attitudes towards environments differ according . to their academic achievement? 3. Do the student’s attitudes towards environments differ according to the parent’s educational level? ' 4. Do the student’s attitudes towards environments differ according to the place of residence, on the basis of the distribution in terms of urban, rural & nomadic backgrouels? The population of the study was all the second secondary student’s — the saentific stream, of the schools of the education directorate in the district of Zarqa for the academic year of (1997- 98). Their student’s number was (2518) males & females, distributed among (28) secondary schools. The sample of the study was (400) male and female student’s, which was selected randomly from the study’s population representing (16%) of the study’s population. The researcher, indorder to answer the study’s questions, constructed an instrument that contained (45) items representing three major dimensions as follows:- l. Sources of environmental pollution (l5item) . 9 2. Problems resulting from the environmental pollution (l4item) C 1 3. Treatment of the problem of environmental pollution (l6item) The study’s instrument was validated by a panel of (12) specialist referees, and its reliability was checked by re-using it on (40) male & female student’s from outside the study’s sample. Also the Pearson correlation was calculated & found to be (0.85). The study’-s instrument was conducted on‘ all the samples members, and the statistics of each of the study’s question were obtained. The results were as follows:- First: The results related to the major question of the study, which is — what are the attitudes of the second secondary class- scientific stream in the district of the Zarqa, towards the environment? The frequencies & relative importance for each item of the scale were worked out. The relative importance for all items was high ranging from 94% to 53% for about 42item & it was less then 50% for only three items. These result refer to the high rate of environmental awareness, among the sample’s members, resting sources of pollution the problem resulting from it & Ways of treating it. The T-test was used on each items of the scale & on each of its dimensions, to identifying the differences between the males & female attitudes towards environment. The results revealed that there are differences of statistical significance at the level of 5% among males & female, in fervor of female’s (15) items. Also there were differences between the two sexes on all of the scales major dimensions & again in favor of females. Second: The result’s of the first sub-question of the study, which was: Do student attitudes towards environment differ according to the family’s income level? A The results from the analysis of variance(ANOVA) for each item of the scales there dimensions and all its dimensions to gather, revealed that there were no differences of statistical significance at the level of (.05%) among the sample individuals with regard to their family’s income level. Third: The result related to the second sub-question, which is- Do student’s attitudes towers enviromnent differ according to their academic achievement. The results from using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) conceming the student’s answers whose achievement were high, those whose achievements more average at those Whose achievements were low; on the scales three dimensions & on all its, demesnes together revealed that their were no differences of statistical significance at the level of (0.05) with regard to the students achievement level, except for the second dimension related to the problems resulting from the environmental pollution which the individuals answers were of statisticalItem أثر دور رعاية الأيتام في تربية الأيتام في المجتمع الأردني(جامعة النيلين, 1999) خالد عبد الرحمن خالد العطياتABSTRACT The Impact of Orphanages on the Orphans Rearing in the Jordanian Society This study aimed at acknowledging the educational and social actuality of the orphans living in the orphanages in Jordan, so it could be understood, interpreted and developed. Among orphans who are qualified to answer the questionnaire a total of (197) students (male and female) served as a sample of the study, and were chosen by inclusive check mode fiom all the orphanages in Jordan except Dar Al-bir Bil Bara’em. H This sample Comprises (%l3,l3) of the whole Community which consists of (1500) students. To reach the goals of the study, the researcher constructed five hypotheses; to test these hypotheses he used the descriptive and analytic statistics such as: arithmetic average, percentage, arithmetic mean, crude frequency, T test, F test, S-Ni-K test.... The results indicated that the existing orphanages are diflerent fiom ideal orphanages regarding both nearness, and famess, because they are near in respect of alternative parental rearing pattems, the kind of social worker, enrolhnent rate, lear';r;ng observation rate; and they are far in respect of educational achievement indications, age, human crowdness, and the kind of problems in the institutional structure. Inspite of the large number of statistical treatment approaches which were used in the study the result was consistent with all the former studies which guided the study theoretically and in the field. The new thing this study added to the previous studies, is the approvement of the effective impact of some new variables (the more significant characteristics of orphan children) and the formation of the inductively proved variables in a new structure (the Jordan Society) which were prevailed by cultural swinging, and its emphasis on other assumed impact factors (unknown).Item اثر خروج المراه للعمل علي شخصية الطفل(جامعه النيلين, 1999) عايده عبدالله ابوصايمهAbstract This study amis at knowing both the negative and positive effects of working mothers on the personality of their children, taking into consideration sex and class level. Moreover, the study sheds light on other variables such as, Parent's, educational level, mother's age, family economic level, mother's years of employment, number of children at the beginning of employment, the present number of children, and the type of job. _ To fulfill the aims of this study, the researcher has adopted the modified "Children personality Questionaire" to suit the Jordanian culture. The questionaire has been applied on a random sample of 320 mixed students from Jordanian government schools of employed and unemployed mothers . The results obtained show that there are no significant differences in the personality of the children of employed and unemployed mothers in accordance with the variables of this study, except the following variables : sex, mother's education (diploma, graduate and postgraduate), father's education (high school and diploma), mother's age (30-35 years and over) family yearly income (2500-5000 J.D.), mother's years of employment and present number of children . from the results obtained Wresercher has made a number of recomniendations and suggestions future research .Item نظام إدارة وتسجيل الطلاب بجامعة وادي النيل في إطار الخدمة اﻹلكتروبية(2000) محمد أبو القاسم مساعدItem ضعف التحصيل في القواعد النحوية لدى طلاب المرحلة الثانوية بمحلية ودمدنى الكبرى بولاية الجزيرة(2001) محسن مصطفي المهدى محمدAbstract This research is concemed mainly of identifying the student's weakness in Arabic language grammar. The research used the descriptive correlative methodology. The sample taken is composed of (283) students, both boys and girls at Greater Wad Madany locality . The sample utilized simple random selection method. The researcher designed a measurement to standardize Arabic language grammar in data collection. He also used ( SPSS) according to (T- Test), utilizing ANOVA The researcher concluded the following results 1. the general characteristic of secondary school student weakness in Arabic language grammar in Greater Wad Madany locality is tending to be high. , 2. There are no significant differences in degree of weakness in Arabic language grammar among high secondary school students according to students gains variable in this subject 3. There are no significant differences in degree of weakness in Arabic language grammar according to gender (male — female) There are differences in degree of weakness in Arabic language grammar according to type of education variable (governmental or non-govemmental 4. There are differences in degree of weakness in Arabic language grammar according to Student- teacher inteirelations. 5. There are differences in degree of weakness in Arabic language grammar according to academic curriculum ( Arts or sciences)Item واقع التوجيه الفني في مادة اللغة العربية بصفوف الحلقة الأولى بمرحلة التعليم الأساسى - محلية نيالا(2001) امنه علي الشريف اسماعيلThis study aims at identifying the realistic situation of educational supervision in the subject matter of Arabic Language in the first three grades of basic education (Niala Province — the state of Southern Darfor ). The study adopted the descriptive approach . The population of the study was composed of male and female teachers ; and also male and female supervisors , in the stage of Basic Education , the number of total population for both teachers and supervisors was as follows : Male teachers 55 _ Female teachers 85 Male supervisors 24 Female supervisors 9 The sample of the study was chosen randomly . The instrument of this study was the questioner to which the subjects of the study responded . Results : Regarding the significant results of the study they were as follows. The main objective of educational supervision are (A)helping the teachers to understand .The educational objectives for Arabic language in the first three grades (b)encouraging teachers to use the total method (C) helping teachers to use the audio visual aids effectively . However the researches found out that these objectives were not carried out sufficiently . (2)the most important functions of educational supervision are: 1- to give teachersknowledge about the basis ", positive and negative characters of total method . 2- to educate teachers with respect to successful experiences in the area of total method , and also to help teachers to be able to exchange these experiences . 3- Regarding the method of educational supervision , it was found out the class room visits on the part of the supervisor are cpgently the most rent and frequently used. 4- There are some difficulties which the supervisors usually face , some of which are related to the presence of untrained teachers regarding the using the total method this till naturally increase the burden of the Supervisor. _ w1r¢*:l"4 _ 1. there 1s anfnumber of untrained teacher (42.9%) among the teachers who teach Arabic language in the first three grades of basic education . 2. the class room are highly crawded used this aspect contradicts the of using the total method which requires that the total number of pupils in the class room should not exceed 40 — 45 pupiles . ecommmenndlatltllonns. , 1- training sessions should be organized regularly for both supervisor and Arabic language teachers . 2- The total Number of pupils in the same class room should not exceed 50 pupils 3- The text books should be available consistently.Item دور الإدارة المدرسية في توفير المناخ التنظيمي السليم وتحقيق الرضي الوظيفي للمعليمين في الاردن(جامعة النيلين, 2002) حسين عبد القادر أحمد شحاتةABSTRA€T School Administration lS usually seen as the most important administrative level in the hierarchical structure of the Ministry of Education in Jordan .It is a common belief among educators that the success or failure of the whole educational process is the responsibility of the school principal who is in charge of investing all the inputs of the educational system skillfully enough to actualize the goals of the educational institution. The school principal plays a good role in creating a healthy organizational environment and taking the appropriate measures that will eventually lead to job satisfaction among the members of the teaching staff.This will be reflected on both the physical activity and the performance of the school teachers in a way that will be recognized in the results of the students who are the major concern of the educational process. AIMS OF THE STUDY : The main aims of the current study were as follows : 1) Determining the actual practices and behaviors of school principals in Jordan,and its role in creating the appropriate organizational environment. 2) Knowing exactly the effect of these practices ,and behaviors on job satisfaction on the part of teachers. 3) Establishing the effect of sex , qualification , expertise , and the size of the school on these practices , and behaviors . The community of the study consisted of all the school principals in the following areas within Greater Amman: A) The University District. B) Wadi Sir. C) Na’ur. The total number of principals is(155),the views of (500 )teachers (three from each school) were also taken into consideration. A questionnaire was delivered and the members of the community of the study were requested to site their answers on a scale of four levels (very high , high,average , and low),the questionnaire contained (70)items distributed over (seven)areas: (Model , Respect ,Friendship , Counseling , Assistance, Tolerance , and Justice). Only ( 150 ) principals , and (487)teachers handled the questionnaires back to the researcher. A computer was fed with all the data gathered to carry out the necessary statistical analysis and to find out the following: A) The means . B) The Standard Deviations. III) The T- Test and, IV) The Analysis of Variance. The results of the analysis of the data were as follows: ( 95.3 % ) of the principals scored “ very high “ on the degree to which they carry out the practices and behaviors that create the appropriate organizational environment. (4.7%)sc0red average. (0.0%)scored low. The areas ratings were : — Justice (90.1 % ) . - Counseling (88 % ) . - Tolerance (87 % ) . - Respect (86.7 % ) . - Friendship (86.6 % ) . - Assistance ( 84 % ) . ; Model(83 %). (69.8 %)of the teachers reported a “very high “ level of job satisfaction ; (26.1 % ) reported “ average “ satisfaction ; (4.1 % ) reported a “low “ level of job satisfaction . The areas ratings were : - Justice (82.2 % ) . - Counseling (82.12 % ) . - Tolerance (82.14 % ) . - Respect (82.11 % ) . - Friendship (80.4 % ) . - Assistance ( 77.80% ) . - Model ( 78.25 % ) . There are statistically significant differences that are related to sex and for the benefit of females. However there are no differences in the degree of job satisfaction that can be attributed to sex. No Statistically significant differences were observed which can be attributed to qualifications.Also ,no differences were observed with regard to job satisfaction that can be related to qualifications except in the area of Justice where analysis indicated that the higher the qualifications of the teacher , the lower was the degree of satisfaction. No differences were observed that can be associated with expertise except in the area of counseling where the analysis indicated that the more experienced the principal , the more he executed these practices and behaviors .N0 differences were seen in respect to teachers in the same area except in the "area- “ Model“ where results indicated that the more experienced the teacher , the more satisfied he was . No differences were detected that can be attributed to the size of the school ,still, the analysis of the results of the teachers responses showed statistically significant differences with regard to the same variable . Thus , the larger the school , the less satisfied the teachers were. Q RECOMMENDATIONS : The study recommended the following: 1) The Ministry of Education should carry out periodical evaluation of the extent to which school principals perform the practices and behaviors that create the appropriate organizational environment . This evaluation can be handled by the educational directorates . 2) School principals should carry out self evaluation of the extent to which they perform these behaviors. This can be achieved through an investigation of the teachers opinions. 3) The educational system should accurate and strictly specified criteria for the appointment of school principals . This will help to reduce frustration and maximize job satisfaction which may result from the feeling that principals who are not equally qualified and experienced as they are. 4) Training sessions and workshops should be held for already appointed principals to acquaint them with their tasks and how these tasks should be carried out in a way that guarantees the highest level of job satisfaction and thus better educational outputs.Item واقع تخطيط الاهداف السلوكية لدى الطلبة المعلمين بقسم الدراسات الاجتماعية بكلية التربية الحكومية بغزة : من خلال كراسات التحضير(2002) مصباح عبدالله موسىAbstract t esearclz Problem: Could the student teachers in the department of social studies make proper and good planning? This arouses an important question about the study. What is the real application of behavioural objectives in lesson planning of student teachers of social studies of College of Education —Gaza? S tmlg H ygoth esis: l- Is the level of achievement of student teachers in the department of social studies in the Governmental college of Education for behavioural objectives more or less than the hypothesis standard 80%? 2- Are there any statistical significant differences at ( 0.05< EB ) in acquisition of behavioural objectives due to the variable ofsex of student teachers in the department of social studies in the Governmental College of Education as referred in their preparation notebooks? 3- Are there any statistical significant differences at ( 0.05 < az )level of behavioural objectives acquisition related to the level ofstuclent teachers education at the College of Education- Gaza as shown in their preparation notebooks? 4- ls the wide-spread fields of behavioural objectives among the students teachers of social studies department in Gaza Governmental College of Education upon studying their preparation notebooks? 5- Are there variation in planning the objective behavioural concerning emotional and knowledge skills of the student teachers ofsocial studies department at Government College of Education - Gaza as in their studying preparation notebooks? 6-There are no common mistakes made in planning behavioural objectives among the student teachers in the department of social studies in the ' Governmental College of Education -Gaza as found in their preparation notebooks? Method 0[Stullg & tools.‘- The researcher adopted in this study the analytical desoriptive method depending on the following tools which are designed by him . 1. Content analytical tool contains a number of criteria for planning the behavioual objectives. 2. A diagnostic test for the behavioural objectives to identify the cognitive level of the behavioural objectives related to the student teachers in the department of social studies. The most important results :- * Low academic level ofthe student teachers concerning the behavioural objectives which is less than the expected level for this skill where so many skills depend on it later. * There were statistically significant differences between the ‘actual level of the teacher's performance and the theoretical one which is (80) in favour of the theoretical level. * There are many mistakes which are made by the student teachers while planning the behavioual objectives concerning the unabilities to select the proper and correct specified behavioural objectives and reject the performance specifications and conditions that are directly pertaining to the study sample ,which resulted in formulating some objectives less than the required level of education and which can’t be measured by the criteria adopted and can’t be followed up. *Total negligence regarding the skills and emotions aspects while planning the behavioral objectives among most individuals ofthe sample of the study.Item تصور للتربية الخلقية في المرحلة الثانوية(جامعة النيلين, 2002) عبد الله محمد ابراهيمAbstract This study is about . . . moral education in Sudanese secondary school . The significance of the study is summarized in the fact that it deals with stages of student development . So the study is supposed to be of importance to the Ministry of Education in general and the headmasters and teachers in secondary level in particular. The study comparrh/four chapters : 1. Chapter One : The proposal of the research. 2. Chapter_rTwo: The characteristics of secondary school. 3. Chapter Three 1 The concepts of moral ‘education . 4. Chapter Four 1 Teaching of moral values . The Objectives of the research are : 1. To develop; moral values in the students . 2. To satisfy the differ‘-ent needs of the students to enable them bear their future responsibility. 3. To help teachers to be sensitive to develop moral values in the same way when tasting them. Methodology : The student adopt the descriptive approach which describes and analyses the problems. Finally the most important recommendations are :- l. To instill the learner’s self- confidence and accustomed him to good listening discussion and objective criticism. 2. To help the leamers to improve the religious aspects through the religious atmosphere in the school and enlightening them with the intended means. I , 3. To invest the adolescent’s tendency to fulfil his desires with the internal participation and develop the social tendency to the leamers. 4." To extract an educational method from the prophet Mohammed ( peace be up on him) and previous prophets life to explain to the adolescence the good behaviors. 'Item الاتجاهات الدينية وعلاقتها بمستوي الطموح لدى طلاب الجامعات بالسودان : دراسة ميدانية لطلاب الجامعات بولاية الخرطوم(2002) الرشيد اسماعيل الطاهرABSTRACT . This study aimed at the exposure of the religious attitude and their relations with the level of aspiration amongst the students of the Government Universities, in Khartoum state. A The researcher used the descriptive approach. The community of the study was represented by the students of the universities of Khartoum state. A sample of (350) subjects (175 males and 175 females) was selected for purpose of these (149) were students of scientific stream and (201) were of the Art stream. The subjects were chosen randomly. The tools of the study included the Religious Attitudes Scale of Mohayed Mohamed Almotawakil and the level of aspiration scale of Kamilia Abdel Fatah. The researcher also used the multiple method of statistical treatments. These were represented by the T. test technique, chi 2 method and person’s coefficient of correlation. The findings of the study may be summarized as follows: (1) The religious attitudes of the students are positive. (2) The level of aspiration of the students is average. (3) The correlation between the religious attitude and the level of aspiration amongst the students of the Sudanese Universities is weak. (4) These are no significant statistical differences between the male and female students in their religious attitudes. @ There are no significant statistical differences amongst the T male and female students in the level of aspiration. @ There are no significant statistical differences between the students of science and Art streams in their religious attitudes. @ There are no significant statistical differences between the students of science and Art streams in their level of aspiration.Item الدور الإشرافى لمدير المدرسة المتوسطة بمحافظة المخواة التعليمية تجاة المعلمين(2002) جمعان بن محنوس بن سوقان العمريabstract Objectives of the study: First: This study illustrates the supervisory role of Intermediate Schools Headmasters towards teachers in Al-mikhwah District in the following areas: . 1- Assisting the teachers to achieve professionalprogress and improve their performance. 2- keeping the teachers acquainted with the personal characteristics they should have. 3- Helping the teachers to build good relations with others. Second: To gain suggestions that enable the responsible staff to set good plans to improve the supervisory role of the headmasters’ of the Intermediate Schools in Al-mikhwah District . Sample: 1.Random sample repesents the teachers of Intermediate Schools in Al-makhwah Educational District .they were 47 teachers from 422 and this sample is about 11%. 2. All the headmasters in Al-makhwah District who were 47. this sample includes all the context. Tools of the study: Two questionnaires,one for teachers & the other for Headmasters. Conclusions:- * The headmaster performs his supervision on helping the teachers to achieve professional progress and improve their performance averagely from the teachers’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 3.29 ) and highly from the headmasters’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 4.01 ). * The headmaster performs his supervisory role in telling the teachers about the personal characteristics they should have averagely from the teachers’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 3.95) and highly from the headmasters’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about (4.38 ). * The headmaster performs his supervision on helping the teacher to build good relations averagely from the teachers‘ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about (3.52 ) and highly from the headmasters’ point of view on the general average for the whole studies that about ( 4.31 ). *There are statistical significant differences at the level of indication 0,01 between the teachers and headmasters responses on the first question for headmasters’ responses. *There are no statistical significant differences on the second question at the level of indication 0,01 between the teachers and headmasters responses“ *There are statistical significant differences at the level of indication 0,01between the teachers’ and Headmasters’responses on the third question for headmasters’ response . *There are statistical significant differences at the level of indication 0.01 between the teachers’ and headmasters’ opinions on all the question of the study for headmasters’ . l'€Sp0l1S€. Recommendations 1. To nominate headmasters for a training program in educational supervision to enable them to help teachers to achieve performance. 2. Hold meetings to in form teachers about their superrvisony role in helping teachers to build good relations with others . _ _ _ 3. Selecting headmasters according to the standards and requirments mentioned in circularItem اثر استخدام الوسائط المتعددة بأجهزة التسجيل المرئي في تحصيل طلاب المرحلة الثانوية في مادة الكيمياء بمحافظة نيالا ولاية جنوب دارفور(جامعة النيلين, 2002) عبد الغني أبو القاسم ادم رجالAbstract The study is concerned with identifying the shortcomings that impede the achievement of the educational objectives of teaching chemistry in Sudanese Secondary Schools. It is also concerned with identifying the learning aids, the potential and the applied ones, of teaching chemistry in Secondary Schools. l The study aims to show the teachers, and students views on: the use of equipment in the process of teaching, the problems encounter the teaching in Secondary Schools, the development of referential unit for teaching chemistry to the second class students, and the specification ofthe moved educational techniques in our school curricula, in general, and in chemistry, in particular, for achieving the required educational objectives. The researcher has adopted the experimental approach through the designation of a programmed course on the second class syllabus of chemistry, using such aids as video, overhead projector and slides projector, two groups of students were exposed to this program: the group taught with aid of such equipment is called the experimental group, wl1ile the group from which the equipment were hidden is called the controlling group. The researcher has also adopted the descriptive analytical approach to describe and explain the phenomenon in question. Accordingly, the study has come out with different results of which the following are important: (1) the student’s performance and results were be there when taught with the aid of equipment. (2) The use of audiovisual such as video, over head projector, and slides projector effectively motivates the student and enhances the process of learning . (3) There were differences of statistical significance in the experimental group per-For'man in the pre-exam and the past exam.Item (دور الاداره المدرسيه في توفير المناخ التنظيمى السليم وتحقيق الرضي الوظيفي للمعلمين في الاردن)(جامعه النيلين, 2002) حسين عبدالقادر احمد شحادهItem الاتجاهات الدينية وعلاقتها بمستوي الطموح لدي طلاب الجامعات بالسودان : دراسة ميدانية ميدانية لطلاب الجامعات بولاية الخرطوم(جامعة النيلين, 2002) الرشيد اسماعيل الطاهرABSTRACT . This study aimed at the exposure of the religious attitude and their relations with the level of aspiration amongst the students of the Government Universities, in Khartoum state. A The researcher used the descriptive approach. The community of the study was represented by the students of the universities of Khartoum state. A sample of (350) subjects (175 males and 175 females) was selected for purpose of these (149) were students of scientific stream and (201) were of the Art stream. The subjects were chosen randomly. The tools of the study included the Religious Attitudes Scale of Mohayed Mohamed Almotawakil and the level of aspiration scale of Kamilia Abdel Fatah. The researcher also used the multiple method of statistical treatments. These were represented by the T. test technique, chi 2 method and person’s coefficient of correlation. The findings of the study may be summarized as follows: (1) The religious attitudes of the students are positive. (2) The level of aspiration of the students is average. (3) The correlation between the religious attitude and the level of aspiration amongst the students of the Sudanese Universities is weak. (4) These are no significant statistical differences between the male and female students in their religious attitudes. @ There are no significant statistical differences amongst the T male and female students in the level of aspiration. @ There are no significant statistical differences between the students of science and Art streams in their religious attitudes. @ There are no significant statistical differences between the students of science and Art streams in their level of aspiration.