دور الإدارة المدرسية في توفير المناخ التنظيمي السليم وتحقيق الرضي الوظيفي للمعليمين في الاردن

Abstract

ABSTRA€T School Administration lS usually seen as the most important administrative level in the hierarchical structure of the Ministry of Education in Jordan .It is a common belief among educators that the success or failure of the whole educational process is the responsibility of the school principal who is in charge of investing all the inputs of the educational system skillfully enough to actualize the goals of the educational institution. The school principal plays a good role in creating a healthy organizational environment and taking the appropriate measures that will eventually lead to job satisfaction among the members of the teaching staff.This will be reflected on both the physical activity and the performance of the school teachers in a way that will be recognized in the results of the students who are the major concern of the educational process. AIMS OF THE STUDY : The main aims of the current study were as follows : 1) Determining the actual practices and behaviors of school principals in Jordan,and its role in creating the appropriate organizational environment. 2) Knowing exactly the effect of these practices ,and behaviors on job satisfaction on the part of teachers.

3) Establishing the effect of sex , qualification , expertise , and the size of the school on these practices , and behaviors . The community of the study consisted of all the school principals in the following areas within Greater Amman: A) The University District. B) Wadi Sir. C) Na’ur. The total number of principals is(155),the views of (500 )teachers (three from each school) were also taken into consideration. A questionnaire was delivered and the members of the community of the study were requested to site their answers on a scale of four levels (very high , high,average , and low),the questionnaire contained (70)items distributed over (seven)areas: (Model , Respect ,Friendship , Counseling , Assistance, Tolerance , and Justice). Only ( 150 ) principals , and (487)teachers handled the questionnaires back to the researcher. A computer was fed with all the data gathered to carry out the necessary statistical analysis and to find out the following: A) The means . B) The Standard Deviations. III) The T- Test and, IV) The Analysis of Variance. The results of the analysis of the data were as follows: ( 95.3 % ) of the principals scored “ very high “ on the degree to which they carry out the practices and behaviors that create the appropriate organizational environment. (4.7%)sc0red average. (0.0%)scored low. The areas ratings were : — Justice (90.1 % ) . - Counseling (88 % ) . - Tolerance (87 % ) . - Respect (86.7 % ) . - Friendship (86.6 % ) . - Assistance ( 84 % ) . ; Model(83 %). (69.8 %)of the teachers reported a “very high “ level of job satisfaction ; (26.1 % ) reported “ average “ satisfaction ; (4.1 % ) reported a “low “ level of job satisfaction . The areas ratings were : - Justice (82.2 % ) . - Counseling (82.12 % ) . - Tolerance (82.14 % ) . - Respect (82.11 % ) . - Friendship (80.4 % ) . - Assistance ( 77.80% ) . - Model ( 78.25 % ) . There are statistically significant differences that are related to sex and for the benefit of females. However there are no differences in the degree of job satisfaction that can be attributed to sex. No Statistically significant differences were observed which can be attributed to qualifications.Also ,no differences were observed with regard to job satisfaction that can be related to qualifications except in the area of Justice where analysis indicated that the higher the qualifications of the teacher , the lower was the degree of satisfaction. No differences were observed that can be associated with expertise except in the area of counseling where the analysis indicated that the more experienced the principal , the more he executed these practices and behaviors .N0 differences were seen in respect to teachers in the same area except in the "area- “ Model“ where results indicated that the more experienced the teacher , the more satisfied he was . No differences were detected that can be attributed to the size of the school ,still, the analysis of the results of the teachers responses showed statistically significant differences with regard to the same variable . Thus , the larger the school , the less satisfied the teachers were. Q RECOMMENDATIONS : The study recommended the following: 1) The Ministry of Education should carry out periodical evaluation of the extent to which school principals perform the practices and behaviors that create the appropriate organizational environment . This evaluation can be handled by the educational directorates . 2) School principals should carry out self evaluation of the extent to which they perform these behaviors. This can be achieved through an investigation of the teachers opinions. 3) The educational system should accurate and strictly specified criteria for the appointment of school principals . This will help to reduce frustration and maximize job satisfaction which may result from the feeling that principals who are not equally qualified and experienced as they are. 4) Training sessions and workshops should be held for already appointed principals to acquaint them with their tasks and how these tasks should be carried out in a way that guarantees the highest level of job satisfaction and thus better educational outputs.