كلية التربية
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Item تقويم منهج الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية بالسودان في ضوء مستحدثات علم الأحياء(جامعة النيلين, 2020) هدي ابوالهداية حاج شرفمستخلص الدراسة هدفت الدراسة إلى تقويم منهج الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية بالسودان في ضوء مستحدثات علم الأحياء. و للإجابة على تساؤلات الدراسة استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. وكان مجتمع الدراسة محتوى كتب الأحياء للصف الأول و الثاني و الثالث الثانوي بالسودان للعام 2018-2019 م، وعينة الدراسة جميع محتوى مجتمع الدراسة. ثم قامت الباحثة بتصميم قائمة لمستحدثات علم الأحياء، وقد صنفت القائمة في سته محاور ضمت 36 قضية. تم تعديل القائمة بعد تحكيمها من قبل خبراء متخصصين في المناهج وطرق التدريس ومتخصصين في علم الأحياء، ومشرفين ومعلمين لمادة الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية، لتصبح الأداة تضم في صورتها النهائية 6 محاور و 33 قضية. و للتعرف على مدى تناول كتب الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية لمستحدثات علم الأحياء، قامت الباحثة بتصميم أداة لتحليل المحتوى، وبعد التأكد من صدقها قامت الباحثة بحساب ثبات أداة التحليل عن طريق الاتساق بين المحلل ونفسه، وحساب نسبة الاتفاق بين الباحث وباحث أخر بعد بيان فئات التحليل و الاتفاق على إجراءاته وضوابطه. وكان من أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الباحثة: بناء قائمة بمستحدثات علم الأحياء التي يجب أن تتضمنها مناهج الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية بالسودان. وأن هناك قصور شديد في تناول كتب الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية بالسودان لمستحدثات علم الأحياء. و غياب تعليم الأخلاقيات الحيوية في المناهج الأحياء السودانية. كما أوصت الباحثة: الاستفادة من قائمة مستحدثات علم الأحياء التي أعدتها الباحثة في برامج تطوير مناهج الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية. وتضمين القضايا التي وردت في أداة الدراسة ولم تحظ بأي معالجة بمحتوى كتب الأحياء بالمرحلة الثانوية ، ومن تلك القضايا ( خصائص علم الأحياء - أهمية علم الأحياء – مفهوم الأخلاقيات الحيوية - مفهوم البيئة- أخلاقيات البيئة – تحسين الإنتاج الزراعي و الحيواني- مفهوم التقنية الحيوية – دور التقنية الحيوية في تطوير علم الأحياء – تطبيقات التقنية الحيوية في مجال التكاثر البشري). و ضرورة مراعاه المحتوى بما يلائم متطلبات طلاب وطالبات المرحلة الثانوية وإعطائهم الجرعات اللازمة التي تؤهلهم لحل مشكلاتهم على مستوى الفرد والمجتمع، و أن يكونوا قادرين على أتخاذ القرار و المناقشة في القضايا البيولوجية الجدلية. وضرورة تضمين القضايا البيواخلاقية المعاصرة لمحتوى مقررات الأحياء، و إبراز الدور الإيجابي لتلك القضايا مع مراعاة الضوابط الأخلاقية والدينية و الاجتماعية. abstract The study aimed to evaluate the curriculum of biology in the secondary stage in Sudan in light of the developments of biology. To answer the study's questions, the researcher used the descriptive analytical method. The study population was the content of biology books for the first, second and third year of secondary school in Sudan, for the year 2018-2019. and the study sample included all the content of the study community. Then the researcher designed a list of biology innovators, and she classified the list in six axes that included 36 cases. The list was modified after being judged by experts specialized in curricula and teaching methods, biologists, supervisors and teachers of biology for the secondary stage, so that the tool includes in its final version 6 axes and 33 cases. And to learn about the extent of biology books at the secondary stage of biology innovations, the researcher designed a tool to analyze the content, and after making sure of its sincerity, the researcher calculated the stability of the analysis tool by consistency between the analyst and himself, and calculated the percentage of agreement between the researcher and another researcher, after explaining the categories of analysis and agreement on its procedures and controls. One of the most important results was that the researcher reached: Building a list of biology innovations that must be included in biology curricula at the secondary level in Sudan. And a severe lack of biology books at secondary stage in Sudan for the development of biology. And the absence of bioethics education in Sudanese curricula. The researcher also recommended, taking advantage of the list of biology innovations prepared by the researcher, in the programs of developing curricula of biology at the secondary level. including the issues mentioned in the study tool and did not receive any treatment in the biology books at the secondary stage with the content of biology curricula, among which are (biology properties - the importance of biology - the concept of biological ethics - the concept of the environment - environmental ethics - improving agricultural and animal production - the concept of biotechnology - The role of biotechnology in the development of biology - Biotechnology applications in the field of human reproduction). Observing the content in away that suits the requirement of the secondary stage, and giving them the necessary doses that qualify them to solve their problems at the individual and community level. And to be able to make decisions and debate on controversial biological issues. The necessity to incorporate contemporary ethical issues into the curriculum content of biology, and highlight the positive role of these issues , taking into account ethical, religious and social controls.Item اتجاهات طلاب المرحلة الثانوية بمحلية مدني الكبري بولاية الجزيرة نحو دراسة مادة الكيمياء وعلاقتها ببعض المتغيرات(جامعة النيلين, 2006-06) عبد الله حمد بخيتAbstract The study aimed at identifying the attitudes of the secondary school students in Gezira State, Gezira Great Medani Locality Schools towards Chemistry and its relation to the following variables : gender, speciali'/.ation, study level and place of residence. The researcher reviewed the problem of the research, its enquiries, suppositions, importance, aims and the approach that he followed in the study. The questions were answered and the correction of the suppositions were checked by statistical treatments and using the statistical Package for social Sciences (SPSS). The researcher included in the literature review the defined of chemistry, its branches and its teaching aims. ln addition, he defined the concept of psychological approaches and its relation to human behavior and the stages of forming the attitudes and the kinds of attitudes and their functions and measuring the attitudes and changing the psychological tendencies. The researcher reviewed previous studies related to the subject of his research. The researcher stated the procedures of the field study where he showed the study population, the study sample, the tool designing and the procedures of validity and reliability and he showed the statistical procedures. The researcher presented the results of the field study and its analysis and interpretation. The researcher outlined conclusions and recommendations The summary of the findings are as follows: 1- There are no statistically significant differences between in the attitudes of the secondary school students in Great Medani Locality Schools towards Chemistry based on gender (male- female). 2- There are statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the students towards Chemistry based on specialization (sciences — arts). 3- There are statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the secondary school students towards chemistry due to the study level (First- second- third class). The researcher came up with the following recommendations from based on the results of the study: 1- T 0 start studying chemistry at the basic level. 2- To enhance learning of chemistry and develop the positive attitudes towards chemistry, the ministry should afford the modern audiovisual equipment and well equipped laboratories. 3- To publish an activity book for the scientific activities that can be implemented by the students under the supervision of their teachers. 4- To revise the chemistry textbooks to cater for the students‘ needs and integrate the curriculum with the different aspects of life (industrial, petrochemical analytic). 5- To let the students express their attitudes towards the curriculum subjects so as to satisfy the students’ needs and their attitudes. 6- To design in-service training courses and workshops for science teachers with up-to-date learning resource centres equipped with electronic data processing and projection derives.Item التعلم الذاتي في مادة الجغرافيا واثره علي طلاب المرحلة الثانوية في محافظة الدويم(جامعة النيلين, 2003) هالة التوم عبد الرحيمabstract This study has aimed to show the activity of using the system of self-taught in promoting the ways of teaching and to improve the educational process for learning Geography . Geography is a science which connected to the life of people and interferes in all the fields; so its study is significante for people . The system of self-laught has veen used to teach the science of maps for the students at secondary stage . It is one of the topics in which many studant find much difficulty to understand and it is also a basic science in all geographical spheres . The previows system is a personal effort for the learner . the programming education is to teach or to learn yourself alone and it is a means of education and the programme is a series of questions in a certain following . The empotant results from this study is the positive effect for using the self-taught in learning, which is disting wished from the other ways, for it is minding the individual differnces a mong the students and it also increases tie activity and motives of the studant so that he will be a major factor in the educational process . In addition, self-taught develops the student’s convidance in himself, and make him love thesubject . The teacher also plays a great rote in the previous system because he is a supervisor and developer for this . The most important recommendations is to conssider the learner is a major factor in the education; keeping the individual differences a mong the learners, modern ways can also used and its flexibility for a pplying in all stages of education . The teachers must be trained to do this system and studies have to be carried to avaluats the prsilivity and its social and educational effects self-taught must applied in the early years of the leavner . All these are the most importan seggestionItem تأثير عملية دمج الطلبة المكفوفين و نتائجها التربوية والأسرية للمرحلة الأساسية في المدارس الحكومية لمحافظات جنوب الأردن(جامعة النيلين, 2003-02) فهمي مصطفى عطية البكورA bstract This study tried to lind out the effects ol’the process of incorporating blind students in the government schools ol’South Jordan Provinces (Al-Karak, Al-Talila, Maan, Al-Tgba). This is with respect to abidance oi’ technical standards as recommended by the concessions and experts. ' Also, the study aimed at investigating the opinions oliblind students’ parents concerning incorporating their sons in the government schools of South Jordan. Some main questions and assumptions were the guidelines in order to reveal facts. So the researcher liollowed the descriptive analytical method. Two questionnaires were done; the first one was about the educational system, the school administration and what was offered to the blind students. The second questionnaire was done over I00 families ol’ blind students’, declaring their opinions about the incorporation and their suggestions for promotion. -~Then the researcher used these tools, plus some investigations done in the said schools in the year 2001/2002 in a field ol'2550 teachers ol’ dil’l’erent positions. Those teachers Form 7.8% ol’the community of the study. ' The researcher used the computer program (SPSS) and analyzed the data using the (One Way ANOVA) and the (Schell Test) and (Kolomogorov Smirove |'est). The study concluded that there was a positive and satisfactory sign to the incorporation process. The syllabuses, the incorporation ole‘ blind students’ evaluation and school environment were very convenient. Using (One Way ANOV/-\) at the stage (u. _<_0,0l), the results are: - There are statistical dilTerenees due to gender. These dilTercnces were in the syllabus, schoolenvironment, evaluation and school administration. - No statistical dilTerences at (:1. 3 0,()l) in respect to _\qualilications. -‘No statistical dil'Terenees due to experience. -There were statistical c_lifl’erences in respect to the ]Jl'OVll1CC. The parents’_ points of view concerning incorporation of blind students were positive about human relationship, social communication, educational environment and the relation between the school and the family. The (SPSS) declared that at (rt §_0,0 l ): . 0 There are statistical dil‘l’erences in age and human relationship and social communications. Q No statistical differences in gender, human relationship and social communication, gender and educational environment, and the relation between school and family. 6 No statistical difl’erences in scientific qualilication and human relationship, social communication and the relation between school and family and educational environment. 0 No statistical dlfli6l‘6l1CCS in monthly income and human relationship, social communication and educational environment and the relation between school and family. The study recommended that teachers should be trained, and seminars should be held to them, mainly the teachers of government schools. lt also recommended providing hostels for those who are having problems. Providing developed and recent discovered teaching tools, and training them to use it, and making similar studies to investigate blind students’ parents needs. Also stressing on family guidance and awareness to healtheare and nutrition to pregnant mothers through seminars and lectures.Item تقويم مقرر التاريخ بالصف الثاني الثانوي بولاية الخرطوم(جامعة النيلين, 2014) نفيفين جون بولدراسة ميدانية من وجهة نظر المعلمين بحث تكميلي لنيل درجة الماجستير في التربية (مناهج وطرق تدريس)Item مشكلات رسم الحروف العربية عند تلاميذ مرحلة الأساس (الحلقة الثانية) (دراسة تشخيصية)(جامعة النيلين, 2015) هند بابكر محمد عبد الكريمالمستخلص هدفت هذه الدراسة الى الكشف عن مشكلات الخط العربي عند تلاميذ الحلقة الثانية. كما هدفت الى تشخيص المشكلات المباشرة وغير المباشرة في رسم الكتابة العربية. وقد استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي، واستخدمت الملاحظة كأداة أساسية في تشخيص و وصف وتحليل العينات قيد الدراسة. وقد مثل مجتمع الدراسة تلاميذ الحلقة الثانية من مرحلة التعليم الأساسي بمدرسة مجدي سينا الخاصة أساس بأم درمان/ أبوسعد (السودان) وهي عينة غير احتمالية (منتظمة)، تم اختيارها بالإسلوب القصدي. وبلغ حجمها عشر عينات من كراسات التلاميذ تم اختيارها بحيث يتوافر فيها نص كتابي يقبل الوصف والتحليل، ثم تلي ذلك تحديد مشكلات الكتابة لدى التلاميذ وتسليط الضوء عليها لتمثل أساساً تنطلق منه دراسات أخرى. ومثل الحد الزماني العام الاكاديمي 2014/2015م. ومن اهم النتائج التي توصلت اليها الدراسة: ان هناك مشكلة في تنسيق الحروف وضعف في ايقاعها العام. وان بعض معالم العبارات والحروف غير مقروءة تماماً. وهناك عدم التزام بسطر الحروف النازلة تحت سطر الكتابة. واتضح من الصياغ العام للنصوص قيد الدراسة ان الحروف ذوات الكاسات (الحروف النازلة تحت السطر) لا ترسم على حالها الطبيعي. وقد أوصت الدراسة بتصميم كراسات اللغة العربية بثلاث أسطر أفقية تناسب طرائق الكتابة العربية. واقرار مادة الخط العربي كمقرر أساسي في مرحلة الأساس. علية يتوجب العناية بتجهيز الأدوات اللازمة وتأهيل الاساتذة في المادة. ABSTRACT The study aimed to investigate Arabic calligraphy problems faced by pupils in second grade to arrive at direct or indirect factors of this problem. The researcher has adopted descriptive analytical approach as main tool for the analysis of the data collected from Group Two pupils at Majdi Cena Private School at Abu Si’id Locality, Omdurman, Sudan (academic year 2014- 2015). Ten of the pupils’ books with handwritten texts worthy of being described and analyzed were purposively chosen so as to determine the problem to pave the way for more studies. The study has concluded that the pupils have hand writing problems, therefore some letters and words are completely destorted. Moreover, the pupils do not care about the baseline, For instance, descends are not written according to their proper position. The study recommends that Arabic Language writing books should be printed with three horizontal lines to suit the correct method of writing, and Arabic Calligraphy courses should be compulsory for primary education levels. Accordingly, necessary tools should be provided and teachers get the appropriate training in the subject.