دراسات اقتصادية - دكتوراة
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Item الفائض الاجتماعي والهجرة الريفية الحضرية : دراسة تحليلية لاحدي قري محافظة الدقهلية(جامعة النيلين, 1987) سعيد محمد عثمان المعصراويItem الفائض الاجتماعي والهجرة الريفية الحضرية(alneelain, 1987) سعيد محمد ععثمان المعصراويItem مشاكل تصدير الدواء المصري وكيفية رفع كفايته التسويقية(alneelain, 1987) محي الدين عباسItem ادارة الاخطار غير المغطاة التي يتعرض لها البترول العربي ،بالتطبيق علي منظمة الاقطار العربية المصدرة للبترول (اوابك)(جامعة النيلين, 1991) عادل عبد القادر عبد الوهابItem الاسرة والقرابة ووضع المراة في مجتمع متغير : دراسة اجتماعية لمدينة تعز القديمة في اليمن(جامعة النيلين, 1997) عبدالواحد مشعل عبدة حمد الدليميABSTRACT This research deals with the cultural, economic and social changes which affected the original inhabitants of the old city Taiz. Basically, the research deals with the family and kinship systems and with the position of women before and after the Yemeni Revolution of 1962. This revolution is considered a very important historical event for the Yemeni society, since it represents a dividing line between the closed society of isolation and backwardness before the revolution and the open society ‘of change and development after it. ' ti the data and information have been collected through observation, meetings and discussions as well asaquestionire applied to 600 families which represent twenty per cent of the population of the old city Taiz. Also the genotype method has been used. Comparing the closed society system and the open society system has revealed that very important changes have taken place in the kinship and family systems and in the position of women. ' ' The traditional very large family pattern had the following characteristics : The whole large family lived in one big house including the grandparents, their sons and their grandchildren. The authority and decisions making were the prerogative of the grandfather and all the other members obeyed his orders and respected his decisions. The interests of the family were given priority over any other interests. Solidarity and cooperation with the family and loyalty to it dominated the behavior ofthe individual members. internal marriages (endogamy)within the family were frequent. Ownership of the house and furniture belonged to the family, usually in the name ofthe grandfather. Thus the very large family formed one economic and cooperative unit and mostly practiced one profession or trade. Of course there were social differences and class stratifications on the basis of the interrelations between the economic activity and other social considerations such as descent and in-laws. The large family was part of the very large family, and formed the nucleus of the verylarge family. The dominant pattern was the expanded family consisting of three or four generations, the husband practicing polygamy, all living in one big house or in the houses of one block carrying the name of the family ( The house of Mr. X ). Small nuclear families were rare and their existence resulted from the family circumstances such as the lack of productivity in the wives and the small number of their members. A woman’s position in such‘ families was bad. She wasa prisoner in her house, was rarely allowed to appear before others. Whenever she was allowed to go out she had to be completely covered and veiled and had to be chaperoned by her father, brother or husband. She lived in perfect isolation from others except on rare occasions when she could meet with other women in Qat sessions. She suffered from illiteracy, ignorance, sickness and social oppression. She was tougue-tied and was not allowed to participate in family decisions, nor was she allowed to voice an opinion about her marriage . At an early age she was married to a husband under whose authority she lived in anxiety and fear of being divorced . She practiced no economic activity except in rare cases and under certain conditions. This miserable position of women was supported by the political regime then dominant. After the 1962 revolution changes began to affect the family and kinship system and size and also the position of women . The country has become open to new channels of human civilization . Education increased and expanded . New laws were decreed which gave men and women equal rights. New industries came into the country. The economy of the exchange of local products began to be replaced by capitalistic economy .New and varied economic activities began to appear. Class strotificatian on the basis of descent in -laws, and traditional trades and professions began to be replaced by stratiflcation on the basis of capital owned . The economic factor became the standard for classifying the inhabitants of the city, replacing the social standards of the past. This has led to the weakening of family ties and to the dividing the very large families and the large families into small nuclear families which are economically and politically independent. The position of women also has been affected. Women began to go out of home to schools, colleges, and jobs . They began tohave a voice in family decisions, in the life of the community, and even in politics. Nevertheless, women still suffer from some inherited traditions and values of the past which some people still cling to .This has led to the rise of conflict within the family and to the rise of social problems some of which are caused by the women themselves, especially those who rush into the new changes without objectively considering the circumstances. It may be said that the old pattern and the new pattern coexist together. ln spite of their basic opposition they have in common many points . This helps" the members of society to adapt themselves to the new pattern , reorganise themselves , practice new economic activities , benefit from the new opportunities , and establish for themselves a new cultural and social position on the basis of materialistic values and personal benefits . These values and benefits have become the dominant principle in the way_the people of the city deal with each other . Nevertheless, this utilitarian principle faces opposition and resistance from the inherited traditional, cultural, and social values which oppose any threat of change in the moral values of society. ‘ lt may also be said that the old and the new patterns are not isolated from each other. They act on and react to each other: the new one calls for change and the old one opposes change. Their interaction produces more social and economic changes and continued change in the old concepts . This represents a dynamic case of change and not a passive opposition . The reaction and response of the old city society to these changes is ‘quite positive . No society can live isolated from the impact of modern civilization which progresses daily in wide steps.This enables societies to achieve improvement in their economic, social and health conditions. 'Item اللجنة السياسية بجامعات الدول العربية ودورها في العمل السياسي العربي المشترك(جامعة النيلين, 1999) جمعة احمد سالمItem مؤسسات التمويل العربية والبلدان الافريقية 1975 -1995(جامعة النيلين, 1999-05) محمد سيدينا الطرفاويItem دور النفط في صنع السياسة الخارجية للدول العربية النفضية(جامعة النيلين, 2000) امحمد محمد ابوالقاسم الغولABSTRACT The main objective of this research is to study the role of oil policies of Arab oil producers; the members of OAPEC, in shaping This was achieved by studying the direct economic im their foreign policies . pact such as economic growth due to growth in the stock of foreign currency, and the indirect {impact such as dependency on western capitalist countries and their multinfational companies. This study deals with the domination of multinational companies ofver the decisions of Arab oil producing, Countries in areas bf exploratin, drilling, production, and marketing as the chief problem. The stird y also deals aim the role of international oil-marketing organizations that w rrk to serve the interests of oil consumers. The study focuses on the dependency % on foreign organizations wich weakens the efficiency of tie On the other hand the study sheds light on a very si had played Arab foreign policy, mainly in the October 197 a crucial determinant of Arab-western relations. In that strong ties between the Arab Countries. However, oil di Arab oil organizations se organizations. gnificant role that oil 3 crisis, when oil was period oil had created d not continue to play the same role in shaping Arab foreign policis later", although Arab oil proiiucing countries had a growing dominance over the process marketing. The study argues that oil has not played a process of development of Arab oil-producing countries the upper hand in the control over the whole process marketing. Thus at times of crisis, Arab oil producing cc upper hand in the whole process of oil production and and economical causes of crisis at regional or internaion secured through their resources a disitnctive international This study adopts historical, explanatory, and anal consists of ‘four chapters, plus the abstract, conclusions chapter deals with the emergence and history of the oil i of oil production and significant role; in the which still do not have of oil production and untries do not have the managing the political al level; nor have they ‘status . E ytical approaches, and ;and results. Tlie first ndustry and the causes of its emergence. The second chapter deals with petrol reserves and oil producing organizatins and the third chapter deals with with foreign policy. The fourth deals with energy cris negative impact. The last Chapter deals with influe dependency, and the future and prospects of Arab oil. with the results that the researcher arrived at. . -v- petrol and its relation is and its positive and ntial factors su'ch as The Study concludedItem تحليل سياسات النقل في السودان بالتركيز علي قطاع النقل الداخلي(2000) سليمان خليفة عباسAbstract Transport is an important part in economic structure where the link is evident in its effect in the national domestic product and is evident as well in the link of transport supply and the increase in the country production in all sectors of agriculture, industry and services. Sudan knew transport modes since the dawn of civilization in peace and war and its transformation from subsistence to market economy was made on the railways. Inspite of its importance in a large country, transport remained unable to meet the inland transport needs geographically across the states and structurally along the various modes. Policies followed to establish transport structure or rehabilitate its components during the different stages did lead to the establishment of a sustainable system meeting the inland transport demand with the appropriate efficiency. Inland transport shortages are evident in its low coverage especially in states inflicted with armed conflict remaining deficient in transport system that could provide security and social livelihood. Moreover the transport system is characterized as an imbalanced system among its various modal components of rail, road, river and air transport modes. Policies adopted during the colonial era and up to the seventies of the last century provided the railway with a monopolistic status but did not prepare it for the up coming competition. Change of policies paved the way for roads to empower the sector in a monopoly status. The other sectors did not have the facilities that aid in competition in an open market where policies favour road and weekend rail and river transport. Now policies are advocated to coordinate the transport modes, however this is not linked to a plan or time scheduled prograamme to make that implementable. Historical intemal inclination of the sector is attributed the transport policies in Sudan. This deprived the country from benefiting from land locked cotmtries transit traffic via Port Sudan. At the same time that deprived the transport network from expanding across long distances increasing the utilization of their resources more efficiently. Projects advocated in regional forums will strengthen regional links and increase the size of the transport networks as it is the case in other regions of the world. Acquisition and implementation of new technologies are still very limited in the transport sector and the study points to the importance of this in the development of transport modes to meet economic and social growth. The study points also to the importance of considering the environmental factors associated with the transport sector and that it highly important to establish the basis that mitigates their effects and relief the coming generation from long term effects in absence of timely treatment.Item السياسة الاقتصادية في الجمهورية اليمنية : دراسة تحليلة(جامعة النيلين, 2000) حمود علي عبدالله اسعدtract Since the easily creation the divine wisdom reveals that freedom is an innate instinct in human beings by the Mighty God. There was no need for a state only after the tendency of possession and ownership became manifested. These instincts appeared due to scarcity of things. There was no need for economics only after the need for the distribution of these things emerged, for the basic principle of the economics is based on the saying that : “Economics is essentially the distribution of the limited resources for the unlimited ends”. Within this framework the different thoughts, believes philosophies and views appeared seeking the just distribution. Although the human greediness curbed by the teachings of religious moral and human values so as to achieve justices, equality goodness and peace for all. i . The researcher deduced from the history of the humanity and the systems of rules which took place from tribal rule to the present modern state that the state has two economical roles to play : (l) The role of the guarding state of the ownership, with a sharp alliance with the landlords on the expense of the rest of the g community individuals. (2) The role of the ownership of the state to all means of product and holding all forms of ownership and possessing. t Due to some specific historical circumstances a need was emerged fdr what is so called (state interference), giving the state a balanced flavor tb‘ become (the state which looks after all benefits). Hence the state has tlie responsibility to secure the interests of all and makes the social balances gob A within the community, targeting the stability and peaceful living betwee all groups and classes. Therefore it donates the innate freedomItem اثر العمالة الوافدة في الاقتصاد الاردن(جامعة النيلين, 2000) جهاد احمد علي ابو السندسabstract This study examines the socioeconomiceffects of the Non-Jordaniain labor force, their dimensions and causes through measuring and analyzing the impact of the main variables, considering that the Non- Jordanian labor is one lof independent variables which influence the growth of the National’Economy. These variables include the GDl5; Consumption; Investment; Exports; Impoitis; and the General Price Index. The variables also include those factors relatedlt:o local labor market such as training and rehabilitation and vocational traininzcg; wage rates and work hours and unemployment rates and types. The study also investigates the effects andpressure of the Non- Jordanian labor, on _tlie socioeconomic services such as water, electricity and gas, public .transp_o_it and 'telecommunication, education ._health, public and social »‘ A -Tlie‘i»;_i_‘st1idy"ltook into consideration the demographic and economfilc cliaracteristicsfofithe Jordanian and Non- Jordanian labor force in order to test whether ' or notthere is significant statistical variation between the Jordanian anfd Non -Jordanian labor force. Two methods were used to test the assumptions of the study; the first descriptive using statistical tables and graphs. The second method applied tlife econometric model employing the common statistical techniques in this field such; as‘ multiple linear regression using least squire method. The finding tlieseianalyses helped to arrive at the results of the study. = The study.caine out with the following conclusions 1) Tli’ére' is a variation in the; demographic characteristics between t if Jordanian and Non - Jordanian labor force. 2) There isiia little similarity in the ecofioinic characteristics of the JordanItem اثر التعدد العرقي علي الاستقرار السياسي (دراسة حالة لسودان)(جامعة النيلين, 2000) بهاء الدين مكاوي محمد قيليItem الصراع الحضاري في السودان الاوسط : دراسة تحليلية في اسباب الصراع ومالاتة بالتركيز علي الصراع في تشاد في الفترة من 11996 - 22000(جامعة النيلين, 2000) ابو البشر ابكر حسب النبيAbstract ' This study examines the phenomenon of human conflict in its global fonn, the reader may immediately notice that this study has gradually moved through four main stages: the first one gave a theoretical abstract review of the ancient and the recent theories which discussed the problems of human conflict. In the 2"“ stage, we dealt with the issue of conflict in Africa. The 3'd stage reviewed the process of civilizational conflict while the last stage examined the conflict in Tchad as a case study. This thesis basically assumes that all destructive conflicts which has been experienced in Africa today are the outcomes of the cultural conflict that took place between the Islamic and the Occidental Civilization. This is quite applicable to the regions in Africa that — once in their l1istory- knew arecognized cultural progress such as: the Sudanic Belt, Eastem and Northern Africa. While the heavy colonial legacy stands as the apparent cause of conflicts in the part of the continent that never witnessed such progress: (the South of the Sudanic Belt). This thesis has tackled a number of issues of particular interest in the domain of African studies, e.g. “the slavery”, some of modern ideological movements and tendencies like: Pan-Africanism, “Negrotide” and “Authenticity” which were, in majority, reactionary movements against the shock generated by the colonialism and its policies aimed at dispersing the unity of nations and peoples. This study includes five major chapters other than an introduction and a conclusion. Each chapter is divided into a number of sections: the 15' chapter presents acomprehensive theoretical review for the theories that dealt with the issue of “conflict” in its classical or contemporary forms. Moreover, it discusses the “conflict" in Africa. The 2"d chapter offers a detailed analysis of the conflict between the Islamic and the occidental civilizations since the beginning of the nineteenth century up to its end with the resulting consequences. The 3“ chapter is the a comprehensive review of Tchad regarding all its historical, geographical, economic and social aspect of life. The 4‘ chapter reviews the history of the period of French colonization to Tchad between 1900-1960. It point out the resistance made by “the Sanousi Movement” in Northern Tchad as well as the resistance of the people of Dar Waddai. The 5"‘ (the last) chapter is composed of nine sections. It is a comprehensive analysis of the Tchado —Tchadian conflicts since the independence in 1960 till tlle National Salvation Movement (MPS) came to power in the summer of I990, where the study ends. The study has arrived at important conclusions which can reliable to answer many questions concerning the cause of conflicts in Africa as general and in Tchad in particular. Moreover, there are a number of recommendations, which, if taken into consideration, can pave the way to put an end to conflicts. This study has been annexed with a list of references and sources, which the scholar consulted in this work in addition to the appendix.Item تقويم أداء سوق تجارة الجملة للخضر والفاكهة الطازجه في الأردن(2000) عاكف احمد الزغبيAbstract Market performance is considered to be the result of its structure and participant conduct. Its importance is related to the correlation between the productivity of economic activities and distribution of the retrmrs of these activities with the market performance that is assumed to improve with the conversion of the market towards perfect competition. For that, the subject of market perfonnance was opted. Fresh fruit and vegetable wholesale market were selected because of its nutritional and economic importance as the production, in the last few years, reached 1.8 million tonnes fulfilling the local consumption needs as well as exporting around 400 thousand tones generating more than 100 million dollars. The problem the study is to investigate and try to remedy the several imperfection features of the wholesale market for fresh fiuits and vegetables that are prevailing. To ratify market performance, the study selected two approaches: organizational structure of the market and price efficiency. The study objective, in that context, aimed at determining the market structure, participant conduct and price efficiency in terms of seasonality, marketing margins and market integration to attain the overall objective of the study, which is improving market performance. ’, According to the study plan, the study described and defmed marketing and its principals, market performance and evaluation criteria, the importance of fresh produce to the Jordanian economy and the state of wholesale markets in the country. Furthermore, the study analyzed and suggested rectifications to the market structure and price efficiency. Finally, the study deduced the future prospects of fresh produce wholesaling industry in Jordan. The study findings include the following: a- Low moderate monopolistic competition exists among commission agents and among exporters Barriers to entry and exit of new commission agents. - Homogeneity of product. " ' ' - Infonnation are not equally available for all participant. No price collusion among commission agents or exporters nor between exporters and commission agents. f- ' Commission agents and » exporters have.» bargaining power compared to producers. __ . g- Wholesale markets are not performing their role. 11- Violations in the auction procedures and reselling of the produce. i- Seasonal price variation. v Lack of correlation between economies of scale and marketing margins and lack of correlation between margins and provided services. - Markets integration found to be moderate to low. ' As a remedy to the existing problems, the study arrived at the following recommendations: Amending laws and regulations to assure market freedom Removal of barriers to entry and exit Lnstitutionalizing national information system Improve wholesale market regulations and auction procedures and prohibition of reselling of produce Encourage the utilization of technology ' _ Encouraging investment in marketing infrastructure Improving scientific research and training as well as extension Promote contract farming ir1 the export and processing industries. Institutionalizing of financing programs to finance producers and exporters at favorable conditions. iItem الدور الاجتماعي للشرطة واثرة في الوقاية من الجريمة والانحراف في دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة (دراسة ميدانية لبعض المراكز الامنية والاصلاحية في العاصمة ابو ظبي)(جامعة النيلين, 2001) خالد حمادة شاهينSummary The police department has always been the functional authority agent for the state. Responsible for insuring citizens’ .security and . stability and implementing laws to safeguard peoples’- life by preventing crimes, looking into the root of its reasons, or dealing with criminals as human beings in the first place. The latter consists of the care and the integration of the criminal to the society, a responsibility carried out and achieved by the police system. This research is mainly a concentrates analysis of the police activity in the Emirate society on the role of police stations in ‘the capital of Abu Dhabi, identifying the crime prevention role and the role of the correctional institutions. The five sections of this research are 1 " 1. The first section consists of an introduction ofthe issue, the subject, the necessity and the aim of the research - being a research into identifying the police activities with the aim of confronting and looking into crime and delinquency reasons, the implemented method and technique including the process of information collection, the procedural and definitions. _ 2. The second section is based on the deciplines of the subject, where the first research was about the social role which looked into the police institutions. - - This research is a theoretical frame of the concept of the word police with all its definitions, the history of police, its starting and development together with the history of police in the U.A.E, the l history of correctional institutions and the brief dedicational function of the social role of the police with its conventional side: juridical _ and administrative and the non conventional role which is the social one with all the activities and the procedures that the police institutions relys on in delivering its main role the _role of the citizen in the crime prevention process; considering this component to be a completion to the security process, we have also included some interviews concerning the role of police in the citizens’ awareness.Item الشباب وامن المجتمع : دراسة تطبيقية في مدينة الرياض(جامعة النيلين, 2002) عبد الكريم بن عبد الحميد علي اصفاءRESEARCH ABSTRACT The present dissertation seeks to explore the potential role of the youth towards society. In particular, it examines its relative role in the security domain. The focus of study is, however, on the city of Riyadh. It strives to pursue the following objectives: 1. It will explore the impact of perspectives associated with youth direc- tion on the momentum of security in the society. 2. It will identify the impact related to the availability ofjob opportuni- ties for the youth on the tangibility of security in the society. 3. It will shed light on the effective role played by the training institu- tions for giving correct directions to the youth in order to ensure de- viance control in the society. 4. It will highlight factors that affect both the security and the threats to the security of the society. 5. It will provide recommendations and suggestions conducive to the role played by the youth towards security of the society. As a whole, the present dissertation comprises an Introduction and five Chapters. In the Introduction, important components are expounded research problem, research hypotheses, research objectives, research im- portance, research methodology, definitions of terminology used in the research, research variables and the data presentation. Chapter One provides a record and discussion on previous studies of pertinence. " ‘ Chapter Two amplifies the concept of youth and its importance to the society: Included in the concept are related issues ofItem اسس العلاقات الدولية في الاسلام(جامعة النيلين, 2002) الطاهر محمد احمد الشيخ الفادنىAbstract This research studies the principles oi‘ international relations in Islam. Chapter one explores the international relations in the western system taking into account the definition, concept and the theoretical frames of international relations . Also, it explores the development ol international relationsin the western system in old ages, Middle Ages, and the modern ages till the presence of the international empire, and USA as a dominant figure breaksthe UN decisions, which is connected with globalization. On the other hand; this chapter is also devoted to shed light on the means of international relations , in the west and regional international organizations. In addition to. that , this chapter studies the foreign policy fi'om western point of view, its definitions, aims, factors, and tools. In chapter two the researcher presents the principles of Islamic international relations with full details, and the Islamic concept ol‘ the international atmosphere. Also, this chapter explores Islamic vision ol international relationship and foreign affairs, and its principles. In addition to that , this chapter discusses the tools of Islamic foreign affairs such as: exchange of messengers, embassies, negotiations, commercial and economic exchanges, and the principles ol‘ the above mentioned policy. Islam is considered pioneer in the field of developing the international relations, where Prophet Mohammed (peace and prayers be upon him) in I\/ledina State establishes the principled ofthe international relations. Also, the international relations witnessed a clear development in the period ofAbbasid and Ommyade Caliphs. Finally, the research studies the international Islamic system and the role ofthe Islamic organizatiosn. The principles of international relations are mainly built upon the coalitions, and interest in case that war, conflict, and corruption have taken place. In Islam, the principles otintel'|1ational relations are mainly represented in peace and huonan principles.Item تغيير القيم الاجتماعية للاسرة بمنطقة الشايقية بالتطبيق على قرية الزومة(alneelain, 2002) عثمان سراج الدين فتح الرحمن احمد/ Abstract This study attempts to measure the extent of changes in social values of the family in Al-Shaiquya area, taking Az-Zuma Village as a case study. The choice of this area is justified by many reasons : in the first place, lack of research in the subject of changes in social values of the family, and disclosure of factors that may lead to changes in these values. On the other hand Al-Zuma village is chosen as a case study because it is one of biggest villages in the eastern bank of the River Nile (AI Shaiqiya Area) and where insufficient studies were done. This work aims to measure the changes in the following social values in the area: - The extended family. - The right of choice in marriage; - Endogomy marriage; - Early marriage; - Preference; - Supervision of male to female - Paternal authority; - Working women The study is based on the assumption that the below mentioned factors have led to changes in social values of the family in the area: 1 Changes the sources of income; 2. Spread of education; 3. Increase in of population size and tendency to migrate. The study concluds is that, thereare major changes in all social values of the family under study except that of reproduction. Morvover the mam argument of this work is that improvments in the educational attainment and reduction in the economic and social value of agricultural land the two major causes of change in these values.Item دور القيم والاخلاق اثرهما علي النشاط الاقتصادي : دراسة اقتصادية تحليلة(جامعة النيلين, 2003) محمد عبد الكريم احمدAbstract "The Role of the Islamic Values and Ethics and their Impact on the Economic Activity " The study attempts to describe and analyze the role of the Islamic values and ethics and their impact on the economic activity. The study is built-on three sections. The first section reviews and demonstrates the foundations of the Islamic values and ethics. The second section concerns with the role Q/' the values and ethics in controlling the economic activities. Then section three, analyzes the impact ofthe values and ethics on the execution of the State's financial policies. The study ends with several applied results. The most important, is that the Islamic values and ethics have principal role, together with the market mechanism, and work as indispensable/ilter, of the economic activity.Item اتجاهات الاستثمار في ولاية دار فور الكبري(جامعة النيلين, 2003-01) علي موسي محمد ابو غرةAbstract l This thesis undertakes to investigate investment and its importance to development in Sudan in general and Darfur State! in particular. Economists and investment scholars have reiterated that investment is an important factor in steering the wheel of economic activity and boom in the national revenue. The greater Darfur State abounds in huge and various resources that have not been exploited for development purposes. There have not been true investments despite the huge potentials and the various investment opportunities. The lack of investment projects can be attributed, interalia, to the absence of strategies, balanced national policies, financing rand infrastructure problems, and political and security stability. ' The study aimed at showing the significance of investment in stirring the available recourses in the state. V p Descriptive and analytical methods which are used to on the review and explicatation of what have been mentioned im the resources, reports and scientific papers, have been used to deduce necessary information , in addition to what has been obtained through interviews and discussions. _ A number of conclusions are reached to; the most of which are; Greater Darfur State is one of the richest States of Sudanl with regard to natural resources; it is the third after Gezira and Khartoum States, population-wise. I-lowever, it is one of the most backward states of Sudan, economically and socially duelto its poor inl’rastructure and lack of development projects. l The study recommends that it is indispensible to accelerate the establishment ofthe regional planning Board in order to lay the objectives and development strategies and the priorities. Thelboard should find a unit for economic research to collect data for analysis and to carry out economic and social feasibility studies and investment projects. '