مجلة المختبرات الطبية

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Angiotensin Converting Enzyme I/D Polymorphism and Risk of Acute Myeloid Leukemia among Sudanese Population
(Al Neelain University-Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, 2016-02) Rania Ahmed Elmubarak; Ebtihal Ahmed Babiker; Elshazali Widaa Ali
Background: Local bone marrow Rennin- Angiotensin System (RAS) has been suggested to be involved in pathological neoplastic hematopoiesis and leukogenesis, and angiotensin has been suggested to act as an autocrine growth factor for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with risk of AML. Materials and methods: A total of 30 patients with AML and 40 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected from all subjects in ethylene diamene tetra acitic acid (EDTA). DNA was extracted from whole blood using salting out method, and analyzed for ACE I/D polymorphism using allele specific polymerase chain reaction. Results: The results showed that, the genotype DD was the most frequent among both patients and control groups, followed by the genotype ID, whereas the genotype II was present in patients and completely absent in control group. There was a significant association between I allele of ACE and risk of AML (O.R: 3.5, 95%CI: 1.2-10.0 , P.value: 0.017). Conclusion: I allele of ACE is associated with increased risk of AML.
Assessment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in Sudanese patients after used ceftriaxone
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-06-01) Awad Elgied Elamiean Ahmed, Tashreeg; Babiker Mirghani, Leena
Background: Ceftriaxone induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), leading to the destruction of red blood cells causing secondary anemia. The current study hemolytic anemia among Sudanese patients and explore the correlation to the duration of drug taken.
Assessment of Platelet Count and Platelet Indices among Patients with Stable and Exacerbated Asthma
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-09-01) Babiker Mohamed Abd alrahman, Huda; Ali Mohammed Gaufri, Nasr Eldeen
Background: Asthma it is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways of the lungs characterized by accumulation of various cells, particularly mast cells, eosinophil, T lymphocytes and platelets
Assessment of Preeclampsia Multiple Biomarkers in Sudan
(Al Neelain University-Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, 2016-02) Akram Elkhair Noor Eldaem; Salah Ismael; Elfadil AL ObeidOmer
Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy, which complicates pregnancy. It is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although pre-eclampsia is an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, its aetiology is still under investigation. The aim of the present study was to investigate biochemical markers in preeclampsia predictions. We focused in this study on organs functions and analysis of different analysts, and salts in the preeclamptic females to gather which factors could influence or predict the preeclampsia. Pregnant women were selected, venous blood samples were collected from every patients and controls. Liver and renal function tests were measured for urea, creatinine, uric acid, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total and direct serum bilirubin, sodium and potassium. Urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, total protein, albumin, total and direct serum bilirubin concentrations were normal in patients and controls. Uric acid, magnesium, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase were found to be markedly increased in patients while calcium and phosphorus were decreased. These results indicate that the elevation of uric acid, magnesium, aspartate aminotransferase enzyme, alanine aminotransferase enzyme and the reduction in serum levels of calcium during pregnancy might be possible contributors in etiology of pre-eclampsia.
Assessment of Renal Function using (Urea, Creatinine, Uric acid. Calcium, Sodium, Potassium and Phosphorous in Sudanese patients with Myeloid Leukemia
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-09-01) M. Ali, Mona; Modawi, Gadallah; A. Abdrabo, AbdElkarim
Introduction: Leukemia is a group of disorders that characterized by the accumulation of malignant white blood cells in bone marrow and blood
Assessment of Trace Elements, Total White Blood Cells and Platelets Count in Pregnant Ladies with Preeclampsia in Sudan
(Al Neelain University-Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, 2016-02) Akram Elkhair Noor Eldaem; Salah Ismael; Elfadil AL ObeidOmer
Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy, which complicates pregnancy. Maternal mortality with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in Sudan is ascertained and accounts for 4.2% of the obstetric complications in Sudan. Despite decades of research into the condition, predicting which women are at increased risk of developing preeclampsia remains problematic and we did this study to detect the role of some elements and to correlate them with Preeclampsia. Pregnant ladies with preeclampsia were selected as cases, and age matched with normal pregnant ladies as controls. Venous blood samples were collected from every patients and controls. Trace elements, copper, zinc, and iron were measured. Total white blood cells and platelets were counted also. Levels of copper and zinc were low in patients while they were normal in controls. Iron was normal, total white blood cells were high in patients and platelets were low. The reduction in serum levels of zinc and copper during pregnancy might be possible contributor in etiology of pre-eclampsia.
Capacity and Quality for Malaria Microscopy at the Primary Health Care Centers, Khartoum- Sudan
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-03-01) Mustafa Ibrahim, Alfarabi; Saifudinn Aljafari, Alfatih
There are 7.5 million malaria cases in Sudan annually that are responsible for 35000 deaths and 11% of hospital visits. Proper diagnosis is the key factor for any control program, treatment trail, and epidemiological surveys.
Clinical and karyotypic aspects of Down's syndrome in Sudanese patients
(Al Neelain University-Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, 2016-02) Safa. M. Hamid; Imad M. Fadl-Elmula
Introduction Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome is the most common type of autosomal chromosome abnormality it has three chromosomal patterns the free copies of chromosome 21, translocation and mosaics. The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and the karyotypic pattern of Sudanese Down's syndrome patients and to compare the data with what have been reported before. Material and Methods A total of 230 patients referred during 2009 and 2013 for confirmation of Down syndrome by cytogenetic analysis at the Cytogenetic Unit at Al Neelian Medical Research Center, faculty of medicine, Al Neelian University, Sudan. Cytogenetic analyses performed in peripheral blood samples that cultured in RPMI 1640 medium for three days, the clonality criteria and the karyotypic descriptions were according to the ISCN 2009 recommendations. Result Out of the 230 cases of Down's syndrome male to female ratio was found to be (1.2:1) in the referred cases, free trisomy 21 was present in 221cases (96. 4%), 6 patients had translocation (2.6%) and three cases were mosaics (1.3%) The median maternal age of the Sudanese mothers at the birth of the affected child was 35.9 years the average age at presentation was 15.6 months (range 1 days to13years), 43.9% of the cases had congenital heart disease. Conclusion the identification of specific types of chromosomal abnormalities in Down's syndrome patients showed that regular trisomy 21 is more common than translocation and Mosaics which is important to assists in patient management and family counseling.
Compression between Direct Blood Films, Rapid Diagnostic Test, and Molecular tests for detection of Plasmodium vivax malaria
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-03-01) Osman Ali, Samar; Elfadil Elkhairi, Madiha; Mohamed Elfaki, Tarig
P. vivax malaria has a wide distribution, recently it has been observed in Ethiopia and Sudan, and it is more difficult to control because of the hypnozoite forms of the parasite. Using treatment with primaquine is based on results from laboratory examination. Accurate diagnosis is becoming increasingly important both for individual case management and for P.vivax malaria surveillance. Methods: A total of 422 blood samples were examined by microscopy for P.vivax malaria, with a subset also examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). The performances of these diagnostic methods were compared. Results: A total of 206 samples were positive, and 216 were negative for P.vivax by microscopy. When compared to the results of RDTs, RDTs had sensitivity and specificity of 86%, 88% respectively. PCR had sensitivity and specificity of 93%, 94% respectively. Conclusions: Microscopy is a reliable method in rural areas where malaria is often seen, but RDT’s offer a good alternative method for remote areas where have no facilities for microscopy. Development of an easy and cheap molecular detection system makes it promising tools for the near future.
D-dimer a predictive test for thrombosis risk in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia patients
(2018) Naglaa Awad Elseed Mohamed; Hiba BadrEldin Khalil
Background; A systemic activation of blood coagulation and pro-coagulant change in the hemostatic system has frequently been observed in cancer patients, even in the absence of venous thromboembolism. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), also known as “chronic myelogenous leukemia,” is a type of cancer that starts in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow and invades the blood. D-dimer is a biomarker that globally indicates the activation of homeostasis and fibrinolysis. Studies conducted that patients of myeloid leukemia, some were during treatment, there was an increase of fibrinolysis activity as a significant increase of D-dimer was observed after 24h of treatment, suggested the influence of the cure on coagulation and fibrinolysis systems. Materials and Methods; The study recruited 42 patients diagnosed by Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Venous blood was collected for estimation of total white blood cells count, blast count and D-dimer assay. Results and Conclusions; CML patients were at risk for thrombosis. Positivity of D-dimer was not related to leukocytosis nor treatment. Elevation of the D-dimer was associated with the blast count.
D-dimer in Rheumatoid Arthritis; Inflammatory marker or Thrombotic marker
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-06-01) Tagelsir Mohammed Osman, Hind; Badreldin Khalil, Hiba
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease of unknown etiology that affects multiple systems of the human body
Detection of Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis clinical isolates in Khartoum; Sudan
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-09-01) Mohammed Ali, Islam; NafiHammad, Mohammed
Background: Carbapenem resistantGram-negativerods are a group of emerging, highly drug-resistant bacteria causing a spectrum of infectious diseasesassociated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Duffy Blood Groups among Plasmodium vivax Malaria Patients, Khartoum, Sudan, 2015.
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-03-01) Osman Ali, Samar; Abdalgadir Mohammed1, Alsaida; Elzobair, Mohamed; Kamil, Mazin; Mansour, Osman; Abdelkarim Elamin, Elamin
P. vivax is the second common cause of malaria in the world after P. falciparum, but it has a wider geographical distribution.
Effect of Solenostemma argel in Diabetic Mellitus patients in the Sudanese population
(2018) Banaga Mansour; Omer Fadol; Suhair Abdalrhman
All cultures and societies have knowledge best described as folk medicine, and Sudanese people used S. argel to treat many diseases among them is diabetes mellitus. In this study the effect of leaves extract of S. argel on glucose was examined in a groups of patients with different types of diabetes mellitus. Each of the patient groups were given 2g of S. argel extract for 30 days and then each patient was sampled for blood after zero, 7, 15, 21 and 30 days and measured for glucose. The results revealed that S. argel extraction reduce levels of all glucose constituents in the patients group. The study concludes that S. argel is of high effect in the reducing of blood glucose.
Estimation of Serum Trace Elements Copper and Zinc Level, in Patients with Moderate and Severe Asthma
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-06-01) Hashim, Suzan; A. Abdrabo, AbdElkarim
Background: Free radicals have harmful effects on cells and tissues and are thought to be responsible for the pathogenesis of many diseases including bronchial asthma. Zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) are trace elements required for the antioxidant enzymes and hence the optimal functions of the immune system.
The evaluation of anti-rubella IgG Avidity index in the diagnosis of primary Rubella infection
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-06-01) Elfatih Yousif, Yousif; Altaj Altayeb, Altayeb; Abdul-Aziz, Rehab; Salahaldeen, Ismail; Mohamed Elkhidir, Isam
Background: The differentiation between fresh and long -standing infections is one of the greatest challenges in serology. Until now this was based mainly on determination of specific antibodies of the immunoglobulin class IgM,which generally only appear initially
Evaluation of Hemoglobin F level and its Association with HaemoglobinA1c among Type 2 Diabetic Patients
(2018) Alsadia Ahmed Hassan Dafalla; Leena Babiker Mirghani
Haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level is one of the effective diagnostic tools used in the monitoring of diabetic patients. Furthermore, it can be used as a risk indicator for any development of complications in diabetic patients. There are some evidences that fetal haemoglobin (Hb-F) is also elevated in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and children with type1 diabetes mellitus. Elevated Hb-F is suggested to interfere with results of some HbA1c estimation methods leading to false results and this may have negative clinical sequences. Materials and Methods: This study is a laboratory based cross-sectional study, carried out during the period from September 2017 - July 2018 in Khartoum State. Blood samples were collected from a total of 82 diabetic patients who attended the Modern Medical Center for regular follow up; 41 of them with poor control (high HbA1c) and 41with good control (normal HbA1c). Adult diabetic patients with conditions known to affect Hb-F level such as Haemoglobinopathy, Leukaemia and Hereditary persistence of fetal haemoglobin were excluded from the study. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire and analyzed by a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 21. This study was approved by the scientific research committee, Faculty of medical laboratory sciences, Al Neelain University and verbal consent was obtained from each participant. HbA1c was measured by enzymatic method and Hb-F level was measured by capillary electrophoresis.
Evaluation of plasma fibrinogen and plasma D- dimer Levels among Sudanese preeclamptic pregnant women in Omdurman Maternity Hospital
(كلية المختبرات الطبية, 2017-03-01) M.A. Elkhider, Fatima; M. Khair, Asrar; A. K.Humeida, Amira
Background: Preeclampsia is multisystem disease specified by high blood pressure and proteinuria after the 20th week of pregnancy.
Evaluation the Serum Levels of Gonadotropin Hormones and Total Testosterone in Sudanese Male Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type2
(Al Neelain University-Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, 2016-02) Sharaf O. Mohammed Alamein; Suhair A.Ahmed; AbdElkarim A. Abdrabo1
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been shown to be associated with certain endocrine disorders in men. We therefore investigated the levels of male sex hormones in serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and non-diabetic controls (NDMC) with a view to establish the effect of diabetes mellitus on their endocrine system. Methods: Case control study was conducted at primary heath care center (Alfaraby) in Khartoum state during the period from January to February 2016.Ninety subjects were enrolled in this study , 60 diabetic male subjects classified according to their BMI as 30 patients with BMI less than 25Kg/M2 and 30 patients with BMI more than 25Kg/M2 .( BMI: normal weight (18.5-24.9 Kg/M2), and Obesity (30-39.9 Kg/M2). The other 30 are healthy subjects as control. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), male sex hormones (follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and total testosterone) were estimated. Results: The mean value of FPG, FSH and LH were significantly higher in diabetic subjects when compared with the control group (NDMC), there was significant difference in the levels of LH, FSH and BMI. The level oftotal testosterone was significantly lower in diabetics normal weightthan in NDMC (P. value =0.001). The level of total testosterone was significantly lower in diabetics obese than in NDMC (P=0.000). There was no significant correlation between duration of diabetes and male sex hormones (FSH, LH, and total Testosterone).Results also showed that Total testesterone, LH, are dependent of age (P. value = 0.01, P. value=0 .038) respectively. Conclusion: The data from this study showed reduction in serum T. testesterone and increase in serum FSH and LH of diabetic patients compared to healthy individuals.
Frequency of bcr1 and bcr3 PML/RARA transcripts in Sudanese Patients with Promyelocytic Leukaemia
(2018) Galia Zakaria Abed Alnabi; Elshazali Widaa Ali
Background: Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) usually express one of 3 primary hybrid transcripts of t(15;17). The 3 fusion transcripts within the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene are a result of heterogeneous breakpoint in the cluster regions (bcr) described as bcr1 (long), bcr2 (variant), and bcr3. Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of bcr transcripts in Sudanese patients with APL. Materials and methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected in EDTA blood tube for molecular and haematological investigations and bone marrow aspirates were collected for examination of promyelocytes morphology. Samples were obtained from patients referred to the Radioisotope center of Khartoum (RICK), Sudan. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leucocytes and RT-PCR and nested PCR techniques were performed using primers specific for bcr1 and bcr3. Following a successful amplification of DNA by PCR, the amplified fragments were separated using agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: The heterozygous genotype Bcr1/Bcr3 was the most frequent (52.0 %) among APL patients followed by the genotype Bcr3/Bcr3 (25.3%) and Bcr1/Bcr1 (22.7%) respectively. Statistically, significant association between genotypes and each of the patients' gender or cell granulation was not was found (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in haematological parameters compared to patients with different genotypes. Conclusion: The heterozygous bcr1/bcr3 genotype was the most prevalent in Sudanese patients with APL followed by the homozygous genotypes bcr3/bcr3 and bcr1/bcr1 consequently.