Masters theses : Arts
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Item Syntax of Question-formation A case study in a Saudi Secondary School(2004-12) Abdel Jabbar Muhammed SalihAcknowledgment Praise be to Allah the Almighty for his absolute guidance. My thanks are chiefly due to Dr. Es-Sadig Yahya Abdulla- my supervisor who- in spite of being too busy- accepted to shoulder this responsibility. He showed a great deal of politeness, wisdom and patience in dealing with many shortcomings ol‘ this attempt of mine. I admit that he gave me, during this course of‘ time, whatever assistance, advice or guidance I stood in need oi‘. I am glad to say that had it not been for his conscientious supervision, this work would not have come out the way in which it occurs now. I would like to acknowledge some of the help I have had for the completion of this task. Dr. Khojali Dean of Faculty of Arts, en-Neelain University had given me so invaluable help and brotherly advice. I would like to thank him particularly. l am also very grateful to Dr. Ibraheem et-Tikaina for nominating (with Dr. Khojali) Dr. Es-Sadig as supervisor. I will never forget his sincerely words at that time and I again am glad to thank him. I am also grateful to the Director General of Nejran Educational Zone, and to the Administration of King Fahd Secondary School, the English language teachers and the students whose co-operation made this study possible. I owe a particular debt to Dr. M.Zayid who put his private library under my disposal. I am also glad to than my friends Ustaz Gasmas-Seed Hamza and Ustaz Ahmed Muhammed Khair for their help and encouragement. I am obliged to thank the librarians at the English library at the Faculty of Arts, en-Neelain University: lady Muna, Zeinab, Nahid and Nadya. l have received :1 lot ol help and encouragement from all members of my family. Now, it is time to offer them (elder and younger) all of my deepest cordial thanks and l will keep praying for them. l also olilier my thanks to lady lnsaf who didi /1/vi lj; ---9 l am grateful as before to my supervisor Dr. Es-Sadig for all he has done for me.Item Investigating the Use of Conjunctions as Cohesive Devices in Writing among MBA Students Case Study: Sudan International University(ALNEELAIN UNIVERSITY, 2016) Ahmed Taha Elfaki AhmedAbstract This study aims to investigate the use of conjunctions as cohesive devices in writing by Sudanese business students by using the taxonomy of cohesive relationship as provided by Halliday and Hassan (1976). This study uses a qualitative research method for data collection and analytical descriptive method for data analysis. The researcher has administered a written test consist of two sections at the sentence and the paragraph levels distributed to 48 MBA students from semester one at Sudan International University (SIU). The results reveal that students misuse conjunctions and are not competent of their types. The study also reveals that some types of conjunctions are used more frequently than the others and in some cases they do not use them at all. This study suggests some recommendations such as teachers of English language at universities should raise student’s awareness and knowledge about the use of conjunctions as cohesive devices. English departments at universities should introduce extensive excurses for conjunctions that focus on writing techniques and practice related to the proper use of conjunctions as grammatical cohesive devices. IllItem COHESIVE DEVICES INAMERICANAND AFRICAN NOVELS:ACONTRASTIVE STYLOL INGUISTICSTUDY(AlNEElAN UNVERSLTY, 2002) HAMID EL-DOO MAHAItem AN NVESTIGATION OF WRITNG PERFORMANCE AMONG PRELIMI ARY_YEAR STUDE(AlNEElAN UNVERSLTY, 1999) Hamid Abdalla ArabiItem Reviewing the Role of Apartheid System in Dismantling the Social Fabric of Zulu People in Alan Paton’s ‘Cry the Beloved Country’: A New Historicist Inquiry(Al-Neelain University, 2022) Fathiya Abdallah MuhammadAbstract This research attempts to review the role of apartheid system in dismantling the social fabric of Zulu People in Alan Paton’s ‘Cry the Beloved Country’ through a new historicist perspective. It aims at reviewing the catastrophic role of Apartheid system in dissociation the tribal system in south African society in general and in Zulu tribe community in particular along with the consequences of migration and displacement in South African society as depicted in the novel under study; to explore the social and cultural climate in South Africa at the time of writing, ‘Cry the Beloved Country’; it also aims to show how historical biography of the author affected his writing by using new historicism theory. The study adopts qualitative research methods through which related data are identified, collected, and later analyzed and interpreted; as well the researcher will use close reading approach to collect the research data and content-based approach for its analysis to achieve those objectives. The results of the study have shown that apartheid system is responsible for the poverty, ignorance, starvation, diseases, murders, theft, and prostitution that plagued Zulu society. In addition to that racial inequality between whites and the native inhabitants is one of the main causes of misery among them. Finally, the study has found that the political conditions in South Africa are the fundamental cause in people’s lives displacement and instability. مستخلص البحث يحاول هذا البحث مراجعة نظام الفصل العنصري في تفكيك النسيج الاجتماعي لشعب الزولو في كتاب آلان باتون "صرخة البلد الحبيب" من خلال منظورالتاريخانية الجديدة. ويهدف إلى اعادة النظر في الدور الكارثي لنظام الفصل العنصري في انهيار النظام القبلي لدي مجتمع جنوب أفريقيا بشكل عام ومجتمع قبيلة الزولو بشكل خاص إلى جانب عواقب الهجرة والنزوح في مجتمع جنوب أفريقيا كما هو موضح في الرواية قيد الدراسة و كشف الحالة الثقافية والاجتماعية حين كتبت الرواية وكذاك اظهار كيف اثرت حياة الكاتب والعصر على كتاباته في استخدام نظرية التاريخانية الجديدة. ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف، تتبنى الدراسة أساليب البحث النوعي التي يتم من خلالها تحديد البيانات ذات الصلة وجمعها وتحليلها وتفسيرها لاحقا باستخدام تقنيات التحليل القائمة على المحتوى. وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن نظام الفصل العنصري هو المسؤول عن الفقر والجهل والمجاعة والأمراض والقتل والسرقة والدعارة التي ابتلي بها مجتمع الزولو.و أن عدم المساواة العرقية بين البيض والسكان الأصليين هو أحد الأسباب الرئيسية للبؤس بينهم. وأخيرا، وجدت الدراسة أن الظروف السياسية في جنوب أفريقيا هي السبب الأساسي في تشريد الناس وعدم استقرارهم. Abstract This research attempts to review the role of apartheid system in dismantling the social fabric of Zulu People in Alan Paton’s ‘Cry the Beloved Country’ through a new historicist perspective. It aims at reviewing the catastrophic role of Apartheid system in dissociation the tribal system in south African society in general and in Zulu tribe community in particular along with the consequences of migration and displacement in South African society as depicted in the novel under study; to explore the social and cultural climate in South Africa at the time of writing, ‘Cry the Beloved Country’; it also aims to show how historical biography of the author affected his writing by using new historicism theory. The study adopts qualitative research methods through which related data are identified, collected, and later analyzed and interpreted; as well the researcher will use close reading approach to collect the research data and content-based approach for its analysis to achieve those objectives. The results of the study have shown that apartheid system is responsible for the poverty, ignorance, starvation, diseases, murders, theft, and prostitution that plagued Zulu society. In addition to that racial inequality between whites and the native inhabitants is one of the main causes of misery among them. Finally, the study has found that the political conditions in South Africa are the fundamental cause in people’s lives displacement and instability يحاول هذا البحث مراجعة نظام الفصل العنصري في تفكيك النسيج الاجتماعي لشعب الزولو في كتاب آلان باتون "صرخة البلد الحبيب" من خلال منظورالتاريخانية الجديدة. ويهدف إلى اعادة النظر في الدور الكارثي لنظام الفصل العنصري في انهيار النظام القبلي لدي مجتمع جنوب أفريقيا بشكل عام ومجتمع قبيلة الزولو بشكل خاص إلى جانب عواقب الهجرة والنزوح في مجتمع جنوب أفريقيا كما هو موضح في الرواية قيد الدراسة و كشف الحالة الثقافية والاجتماعية حين كتبت الرواية وكذاك اظهار كيف اثرت حياة الكاتب والعصر على كتاباته في استخدام نظرية التاريخانية الجديدة. ولتحقيق هذه الأهداف، تتبنى الدراسة أساليب البحث النوعي التي يتم من خلالها تحديد البيانات ذات الصلة وجمعها وتحليلها وتفسيرها لاحقا باستخدام تقنيات التحليل القائمة على المحتوى. وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن نظام الفصل العنصري هو المسؤول عن الفقر والجهل والمجاعة والأمراض والقتل والسرقة والدعارة التي ابتلي بها مجتمع الزولو.و أن عدم المساواة العرقية بين البيض والسكان الأصليين هو أحد الأسباب الرئيسية للبؤس بينهم. وأخيرا، وجدت الدراسة أن الظروف السياسية في جنوب أفريقيا هي السبب الأساسي في تشريد الناس وعدم استقرارهم.Item AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF NON-NATIVE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PROBLEMS TO ACQUIRE ENGLISH LINGUISTIC & COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS & ITS EFFECTS ON SUDANESE STUDENTS »(Al-Neelain University, 2002) FARIDA HASAN HAMIDAlxslraet My aim is not to add anything to all that has already been said and written by myriads oliseholars and learned people in the lield oliteaelring English as a foreign language. All l would like to do is to make a plea to the lellow eounter|>arts that; why not join hands and make a I80” shill in the approach to the teaching system by breaking new grounds and enter new paratligrns ol teaching approach. This ideal couldbe aeeomplished iliwe ehange lroin Urammar Translation Method into Direct Method ol'a|1|>roaelt. 'l'o reach this ideal \ve will have to t|'a|1slo|'|11 the system that had been introduced by the colonial supremacy and maintained for many decades to come. llowever, the \vest has long losaken the Grammar 'l'ranslation Method and introdueet_l, carried and improved system ealled the direct methods. i i Were we, the non-native linglish teachers to revolulioni/.e the English Education system, we have to embark upon training ourselves each other to overcome obstacles met in linguistie and communicative skills sinee these have an inevitable impact that relleets our weakpoints. ln order to aehieve this goal we will have to meet the challenge ol English linguistic and eommunietive skills. Alter all lidueation is a slow proeess and in the long run, it will relleet in our students. lllItem TheInfluenceofReadingComprehension TechniquesinEFLClassesonEnhancingOralProduction. (AcasestudyatJabelAwlialocalitysecondarySchoolclasses)(Al-Neelain University, 2022) MohammedBusharaSofianMohammedABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of readingcomprehensiontechniques in EFL classes on enhancing oral production at 3rd year secondary school students in Khartoum, Jebel Awlia locality. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used in order to analyze the research test and observation recorded. The participants are 30 students both male and female who representsthesample. The study data was collected through achievement test and recorded observation and data be analyzed according to statistical packages for social science (SPSS) program which provides percentages results for test. The students have two test in reading comprehension the duration between two test are two weeks and the test have four parts pre-reading process, during reading process ,after reading process and interactive process which shows the weaknesses of the students at oral production. So that, investigation is centered on the influence of reading comprehension processes such as making prediction-questioning, reading-responding and exploring, grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation to reveal how EFL learners responding to these processes to improving their oral production.The test results have shown that 3rd class secondary school students have poor knowledge in usingreadingprocessesandtechniques which establish relations between student’s ideas and events in their reading text. The main reasons behind these problems are the lack of practice and unawareness of above mentioned processes.The results also have shownthat 3rd years secondary school student have deficiency in vocabulary, word order,phonics awareness and fluency which enable them to read comprehension andimprovetheiroralproductions.The study finds that, reading processes are usefulfor3rdyearsecondaryschoolonenhancing reading competencies. The study recommends thatteachers at secondary schools shouldenhancepositive attitudes towards reading skills. They should teachtheir students in orderto learnand acquire the language to improve their oral production. Students shouldapply reading techniques when they are readingEnglish texts and practicing oral communication to master the speaking skills and parent should use the processes and teach them because are useful strategies. Students must know that reading is not only a matter of extractingthe meaning fromwrittentexts. المستخلص استقصت هذه الدراسة تاثيراساليب القراءةلطلاب المدارس بالمرحلة الثانوية (الصف الثالث) بالخرطوم محلية جبل اولياء.واتبعت هذه المبحث الكيفي والكمي لتحليل بيانات اختبار القراءة والمراقبة عبر التسجيل الصوتي. شملت الدراسة ثلاثون طالب وطالبة تم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائيه بسيطهركزتالدراسة علىاساليب وطرق القراءة مما يساعد الطلاب على فهم النص والمحادثة الشفهيه جمع الباحث هذه الدراسة عن طريق اداتين هما اختبار تحليلي لطرق القراءة واساليبهاوالمراقبة عبر التسجيل الصوتي لنفس طلاب مدرسة دار السلام جبل اولياء الثانوية شمل البحث على اربعة اجزاء منها طريقة ما قبل قراءة النص واثناءه وبعده مما يساعد الطلاب على التنبؤ واستخدام مفردات اللغه ونطقها وممارست المخاطبه بعدة خصائص واساليب مختلفة.. استخدمت في هذه الدراسة وصف تحليلي وتقيم اداء طلاب وركزت الدراسة على ادائهم.بعد تحليل البيانات اتضح ان طلاب الصف الثالث ثانوي ليس مدركين لطرق القراءة واساليبها كما لديهم عجز في مفردات اللغة وتركيبها وعدم تميزهم لاصوات الحروف التى تساعدهم على المخاطبة.اوصت الدراسة مدرسين اللغة الانجليزية بضرورة ممارسة وتعليم هذه الاساليب التى لها دور في بناء قدرات الدارسين على المخاطبه كما اوصت الطلاب بممارسة تلك الاساليب والمهارات لتحسين واكتساب اللغة من خلال القراءة, وعلى اولياء الامور عليهم اتباع هذه الطرق لفؤائدها وعلى الطلاب انيعلمو بان القراءة ليست فقط عملية استخراج المعنى من النص المكتوب.Item SecondarySchool english Language Teachers And Their Role In The Deterioration Of The Standarrd Of English(AL-Neelain University, 2015) ZEINAB ALBAShIR MOHAMMEDThis study sets out to investigate Sudanese school English Language teacher and their role in the deterioration of the standard of English. A questionnaire was administered to 57 selected English language teachers based on convenient sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics techniques were used. The analysis revealed the 70% of the respondents agreed that they do not have sufficient salary which negatively affects their frustration in the teaching process and hence the learners achievement would become weaker and weaker, 50% of the respondents agreed that the absence of comfort factors will negatively impact on the leamers’ achievement in English, 60% of the respondents agreed that marginalization of teachers needs negatively affect students’ achievement in English, 50% of the respondents agreed that the absence of teachers rapport would negatively impact on the learners achievement in English and 80% of the respondents agreed that they are suffering a lot to find their living, a matter which affects their perfonnance inside the classroom.Item Investingating the lties in english collocations encountered by sudanes learnes of english at unvirsity levels(Al-Neelain University, 2012) mahasin ahmed mohmmedABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the problems of collocations encotmtered by Sudanese learners of English. The general assumption is that Sudanese learners of English at university level do not know how to use collocations in their writing.Moreover, the syllabi taught to Sudanese university students four levels do not cover the area of collocations sufficiently. This study attempts to identify collocation errors in the students’ performance and suggest possible solutions to them. This is accomplished through several steps: (l) Choosing 40 final students in the department of English, Faculty of Arts, at Omdurman Ahlia University as subjects. (2) 17 instructors of English, who are all holders of different degrees in English language, answered the teachers ‘questionnaire. They all teach in the department of English in four Sudanese universities. a)University of Khartoum Faculty of Education. b) Al-Neelein university. C)Omdurman Ahlia university. d) Al-Ahfad university for Women. (3) Two instruments for data collection were used: (a) Students’ test and (b) teachers’ questionnaire.The data were statistically analyzed. The results of the investigation have revealed the following: 1. About half of the Students face a problem when using English idioms. 57.5%of their answers were incorrect and they rarely use idioms in their writing.46.5% of the students’ answers were incorrect when using collocations with verbs. They also make errors in collocations with adjectives. 59% is the percentage of their errors. Errors in collocations with nouns are more than 58% . 2. According to Al-Ahlia subjects’ register the syllabus used at the four levels does not focus on the area of collocations. 3. The structure of English phrasal verbs, and idioms sometimes causes collocation errors.Item Investigating the Misuse of English Articles among EFL Sudanese University Students(Al-Neelain University, 2015) Eman Ali Mohammed IbrahimAbstract This research investigates the misuse of English articles among Alneelain EFL students; the subjects of the study are 50 students of linglish language, Faculty of Arts at Alneelain University. The aim of the study is to find out whether there is a problem of using article or not. lt also finds out the reasons for the misuse of articles with regard to the students ol Alneelain University. The study also tries to produce and provide suitable strategies for the students to help them use articles correctly. The researcher has adopted the descriptive and analytical approach to accomplish the aims of the research. The researcher has collected the data of the study through a test. The results of the study reveal that first year students face problems of choosing the correct article when they produce pieces of writing in English. Another problem is that students have more problems of using the indefinite articles; i.e. when there are words that begin with "u" as we can see in words such as (unity), they use the indefinite (an).[Their claim is that the letter ’u’ is a vowel letter]. The student‘s misuse of English articles is also due to mother tongue interferences; since Arabic has only one article (dl =the indefinite article) and the (zero article) is the indefinite article. E.g. “There was sand everywhere“.The study recommends students to practice a number ol articles (reading and listening) to be aware of their use. It also recommends teachers to give more attention and effort on how tackle the roots of the problem of articles and show they differ in Arabic and English.