PHD theses : Science

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    IN VIVO DOSIMETRY FOR RADIOTHERAPY USE AND ACCURACY FOR PATIENT DOSE VERIFICATION METHODS
    (Alneelain University, 2005) Abdelrahman Mustafa Gasmelbari
    Radiotherapy is an important curative treatment modality for various types of cancer, e.g., head and neck and prostate tumours. Also, it plays an important role in the palliation of malignant disease. The aim of curative radiotherapy is to eradicate tumour cells and to spare surrounding normal tissue. Using multiple beams of high energy x-rays, a homogeneous dose is delivered to an accurately localized target volume with minimal effects on surrounding normal tissues. Nowadays, conformal radiotherapy is often used: the three-dimensional dose distribution conforms as close as possible to the shape of the target volume, e.g. by beam shaping or beam intensity modulation. A prerequisite for conformal and total body irradiation (TBI) therapy is to monitor the treatment with in vivo dosimetry and portal imaging, to ensure a high precision in dose level and geometric set-up of each individual patient. In Chapter l, a brief introduction of radiotherapy and the aims of the thesis are described. The principles of in vivo dosimetry in photon beam radiotherapy are explained in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 deals with the in vivo dosimetry study during conformal treatment of 368 patients with prostate cancer. In vivo dosimetry grantees an accurate dose delivery to each patient prostate cancer patients to within 1~ 2.5%. In Chapter 4, in vivo dosimetry study during treatment of 109 patients with parotid‘ gland tumour is reported. In vivo dosimetry grantees an accurate dose delivery to each patient with parotid gland tumour to within 1 4%. The third in vivo dosimetry, performed during the TBI treatments of 32 patients with different blood malignancies is presented in Chapter5. Although the number of patients is small, but in. vivo dosimetry grantees an accurate dose delivery, so far, to each patient treated with'TBI to withini 3%. Conclusions, future work and recommendations are described in Chapter 6. This study shows that in vivo dosimetry grantees an accurate dose delivery for each individual prostate, parotid and total body irradiation patients to within acceptable accuracy, better than those reported in the literature.