كلية الاداب
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.neelain.edu.sd/handle/123456789/484
Browse
12 results
Search Results
Item معوقات النشاط الزراعي المطري في ولاية غرب دارفور ( دراسة تطبيقية وحدة مورني الإدارية )(جامعة النيلين, 2021) محمــد زكــريا حسـنمستخلص يهدف البحث إلي دراسة معوقات النشاط الزراعي المطري بمنطقة مورني خلال الفترة مابين (2008- 2019م)،وإشارة إلي إن النشاط الزراعي المطري هي الحرف الأساسية التي تعتمد عليها معظم سكان منطقة مورني باعتبارها مصدر أساسي للغذاء والحصول علي النقد ونقطة الانطلاق الأولى نحو تحقيق زيادة متصاعدة في معدلات الاقتصاد ، فضلا عن مكانته المهمة عند الشروع في وضع اى خطة تهدف إلى تطوير النشاط الاقتصادي والتغير الاجتماعي . سنتطرق خلال هذه الورقة البحثية على محاور عدى أهمها المعوقات الطبيعية والبشرية ، فضلاً عن دراسة النشاط الزراعي المطري ومن ثم وضع الرؤية المستقبلية للنشاط الزراعي مع بعض التوصيات التي من شانها تطوير النشاط الزراعي المطري في وحدة مورني الإدارية . وقد توصل البحث إلى وجود معوقات طبيعية وبشرية تؤثر في النشاط الزراعي ، وعدم وجود إستراتيجية واضحة للنشاط الزراعي في المستقبل على الرغم من وجود بعض مقومات النشاط الزراعي المطري وخاصة في ظل انعدام التخصيصات المالية ، وتردى الوضع الامنى والسياسي وتوجه اغلب المزارعين إلى ترك النشاط الزراعي والبحث عن الأنشطة الاخري ؛ بسبب فقدان خصوبة التربة الزراعية نتيجة للاستنزاف وعدم إتباع الدورة الزراعية ، وعدم مساهمة الدولة في دعم المزارعين للحصول على المخصبات والتقاوي والبذور المحسنة والمبيدات الحشرية والآليات الزراعية الحديثة ، وتعانى الزراعة المطرية بمنطقة الدراسة أيضا بتأخير أو تبكير ميعاد سقوط الإمطار ونقص وزيادة معدل سقوط الإمطار مما سبب مشاكل كبيرة للزراعة المطرية بمنطقة الدراسة، وبناءا علي النتائج توصى الدراسة إلي ضرورة استخدام الأساليب العلمية والتكنولوجية ووقف تدهور خصوبة الأراضي الزراعية ، وتقديم الخدامات الإرشادية للمزارعين ، بالإضافة إلي تقديم الدعم والتمويل وتوفير البذور المحسنة والتقاوي والأسمدة بأسعار مناسبة من اجل زيادة معدلات الإنتاج الزراعي والعمل علي دعم المزارعين برأس مال في الزراعة. Abstract The research aims to study the obstacles to rain – fed agricultural activity in the Morni region during the period between (2008- 2019 AD) indicating that the rain agricultural activity is the main craft on which most residents of the Morni region depend as a main source of food and access to cash and the first starting point towards achieving an upward increase in economy rates, as well as its important position when initiating the development of any plan aimed at developing economic activity and social change. During this research paper, we will address other axes, the most important of which are natural and human obstacles, in addition to studying rainy agricultural activity and then setting a future vision for agricultural activity with some recommendations that will develop rainy agricultural activity in morns' administrative unit . The research found that there are natural and human obstacles that affect agricultural activity , and the absence of a clear strategy for agricultural activity in the future , despite the presence of some elements of rainy agricultural activity , especially in light of the lack of financial allocations, the deterioration of the security and political and the tendency of most farmers to leave agricultural activity searching for other activities, because of the loss of agricultural soil fertility as a result of depletion and failure to follow the agricultural cycle , and the state's failure to support farmers in obtaining fertilizers , seeds , improved seeds , pesticides and modern agricultural mechanisms , the rain – fed agricultural in the study area also suffers from delaying or early rainfall, and the decrease and increase in the rate of rainfall, which caused major problems for rain – fed agricultural in the study area. Providing extension services to farmers, in addition to providing support, financing and providing improved seeds, seeds, and fertilizers at reasonable prices in order to incase agricultural production rates and work to support farmers with capital in agricultural .Item التمدد العمراني وأثره على الخدمات في وحدة النصرالادارية بولاية الخرطوم(جامعة النيلين, 2020) الطالبة حواء أبكر إبراهيممستخلص تناولت الدراسة التمدد العمراني وأثره على الخدمات في وحدة النصر الإدارية بولاية الخرطوم في الفترة (1969م-2019م) وهدفت الدراسة الي التعرف نشأة المنطقة وتطورها سكانيا وعمرانيا والعوامل التي ساعدت على تمددها ومراحل نموءها وتطورها واتجاهاتها. كما هدفت الدراسة الي معرفة أثر التمدد العمراني في الخدمات الحضرية بالمنطقة من تعليم وصحة وماء وكهرباء وامن وغيرها من الخدمات. واتبعت الدراسة مجموعة من المناهج لاستخلاص المعلومات منها: الاستقرائي الذي يقوم على تفسير الظواهر عن طريق الملاحظة، والمنهج التاريخي لتحديد وتتبع نشأة المنطقة ومراحل النمو والتمدد، والمنهج الوصفي لوصف الظاهرات في المنطقة، والمنهج الاحصائي المتمثلة في الجداول التي تضمنتها الدراسة من الاستبيان. وتمت جمع المعلومات من المصادر الأولية وهي: الملاحظة والمقابلات الشخصية التي تمت مع المسؤولين واعيان المنطقة وكبار السن الذين عاصروا نشأة المنطقة، والاستبيان التي وجهت لمجتمع الدراسة بغرض الحصول على المعلومات عن نشأة وتمدد المنطقة ومدى كفاءة وكفاية الخدمات فيها كما تم أيضا جمع المعلومات من مصادر ثانوية من كتب ومراجع وبحوث علمية المتخصصة في هذا المجال. ومن خلال الدراسة بعد الفحص والتحليل توصلت الدراسة الي النتائج الاتي: - ان التمدد العمراني في المنطقة حدث نتيجة لوجود مقومات طبيعية وبشرية، وان التمدد نتج عن عوامل اجتماعية واقتصادية، واتخذ التمدد العمراني اتجاهات محددة ناحية الغرب والجنوب كما أثر التمدد العمراني على الخدمات بالمنطقة بأنواعها من حيث الكم والتوزيع والكفاءة من تعليم وصحة وماء وكهرباء وامن وعلى ضوء هذه النتائج خلصت الدراسة الي عدة توصيات أهمها : الحد من التمدد العشوائي بمعالجة الوضع القائم بالتنظيم وسن القوانين والضوابط للحد من التمدد، ربط التخطيط العمراني باحتياجات السكان الحياتية ولابد من وجود قوانين مفصلة تحقق هذا الهدف ويتم تحديثها كلما دعت الحاجة ووجود الوسائل الازمة تنفيذها وتشجيع وتحفيز القطاع الخاص في العمل على انشاء مشاريع استثمارية في مجال الخدمات الترفيهية المتنوعة Abstract The study dealt with urban expansion and its impact on services in the administrative unit of Alnasr area in Khartoum State in the period (1969 AD -2019 AD). The study also aimed to know the impact of urban expansion on urban services in the region, such as education, health, water, electricity, security and other services. The study followed a set of approaches to collect information, including: the inductive, which is based on the interpretation of phenomena through observation, the historical approach to identify and trace the origin of the area and the stages of growth and expansion, the descriptive approach to describe the phenomena in the area, and the statistical approach represented in the tables included in the study from the questionnaire. Information was collected from primary sources, namely: observation and personal interviews with officials, notables of the area and the elderly who witnessed the emergence of the area, and the questionnaire addressed to the study community in order to obtain information about the establishment and expansion of the area and the efficiency and adequacy of services in it. Information was also collected from secondary sources. From books, references and scientific research specialized in this field. Through the study, after examination and analysis, the study reached the following results: - The urban expansion in the area occurred as a result of the presence of natural and human components, and that the expansion resulted from social and economic factors, and the urban expansion took specific directions towards the west and south, as the urban expansion affected the services in the region of all kinds in terms of quantity, distribution and efficiency of education, health, water, electricity and security and in light of these Results The study concluded several recommendations, the most important of which are: limiting random expansion by addressing the existing situation in the organization, enacting laws and controls to limit expansion, linking urban planning to the residents’ living needs, and there must be detailed laws that achieve this goal and are updated whenever needed and the necessary means to implement them Encouraging and motivating the private sector to work on establishing investment projects in the field of various entertainment services.Item الامكانات الطبيعية والبشرية لمحافظة مروي وآفاق تطورها : دراسة ميدانية تطبيقية خلال الفترة من (1990 - 2002)(جامعة النيلين, 2002) عاطف علي محمد عبد الرحمنAbstract This study aims to reveal the natural and human resources for Marawi province and the development of such potentiality. The study also indicates how to exploit, utilize and sustain such potentiality in order to develop the inhabitants economically, socially and culturally. There are eight chapters constituting this study:- ' - Chapter l reveals the research plan. - Chapter 2 gives the theoretical framework of previous studies. - Chapter 3 is devoted to the natural and human potentiality. - Chapter 4 the natural abilities and potentiality. - Chapter 5 the human abilities and potentiality. - Chapter 6 contains and analysis of the abilities and potentiality. — Chapter 7 tackles the problems facing the area and its future in the light of the recent and expected potentiality. - Chapter 8 includes the abstract, the results, the proposals, the recommendations, the references and the sources of the study. Applying some integrated methods, the researcher has provided a number of hypotheses, and the results and recommendations offered by this study are hoped to effectiyely contribute to the development of the province as well as to the solution of many problems that impede such a development. - The most important results reached by the researcher are:- ~t~ The province is very rich with the antiquities, but it suffers lack of touristic services. -:~ The climate dominating this province does mainly governs the human activity. -:~ The portion of the agricultural lands owned by the individual is very few. -:~ The considerable limitation of labor opportunities resulted in the increase of the emigration rate.Item اقتصاديات اقليم نهر الرهد في السودان(جامعة النيلين, 1999) رجاء يوسف الحكيمABSTRACT Applied academic geographical researches at Sudan and other developing countries are not known till the seventh decade of this centuary, after they have gained their independence and their role at the world economics have been expanded . Even geographical applied studies are counted recent at the world most developed icountries for these are not used till (1958) or more definite after the second world war for curring and solving the difficult problems specially of economical crisis and the hard years followed, which have needed new needs and will's and estimations that can not be seen or measured without geographical aproaches and reaches help, as geography is counted the main source of complete knowledge, through which many complex problems can be solved, especially in structuring the main basis of regional planning and developing. This applied economical study has followed and acompanied by a new recent method, which has being used for the first time at (1985) for the developing the economics of agroecosystem of rural regions of some Asiatic developing countries and has found to be successful and fruitful, so the researcher has used it for the first time at Sudan at this academic appliedstudy. This method being one inside a large frame of such methods under general heading of "Rapid Rural Appraisal (R. R. A) and AgroEcosystem Analysis (A.A). These have special philosophy, history and tequniques, which organise concepts that provide their retical framework and which are taken as basis for analysing these rural agroecosystems, and help in putting and delivering some suggestions which lead to create a stable and sustainable economical development. Analysing operations of these rural agroecosystems are greatly been achieved with rigor and speed by using proper aproaches, in particular well defined common properties. For each level in the hierarchy which can be related to each other within and between levels, has main four keys properties, exist to be neccessary, these are productivity, stability, sustainability and equalibity. i The target of this study is to acknowledge and recover thel main feature of the "Sudan River Rahad Region Economics" and to analyse the main causes behind its delaying if has measured by its both economical neigbours regions (Elgazira) at the west and .(Elgash) at the east, and that through proving two theories the first being geographical which proves that economical activities at any society reflect the standard of the population if these are advanced that means population is advanced and civilised and the opposite is true if primitive and delayed which means the over take and the strong grasp of physical features. The scond to prove that using applied geography accompanied by such recent methods are found to be the most successful in putting suggestions and plans for developing Sudanese rular agroecosystem regions. The method has directed taking acomplex statistical and economical approaches as main basis for appraisaling and analysing, as "Region" at these methods means "Region Under economical development", or "economical Regions" and that being the main cause behind dividing this study into two _main volumes at which the first contains two main levels of academic reviews, and the second contain the third, accordingly, the first volume has contained the main features of the main geographical resources and different main services facilities, and also the main to day economical activities there for it has consisted of the first nine chapter, through all of which it has taken its title. While the second volume has contained the main results of the researchs workshop there for has consisted of the two last analysing chapters tenth and eleventh from which it has taken its title, alsohas contained the main researchs final susbandaries such as abbreviation and the list of the academic references and specialised interviews and visits in and out the study area, and finally a short arabic account of the method of the research.Item مديرية الخرطوم : دراسة في الانتفاع الريفي بالارض(جامعة النيلين, 1974) زين العابدين عبدالرحمن شحاتة رجبItem مدينة شمبات : نشاتها وتطورها : دراسة ميدانية في الفترة من 1963 - 2003 م(جامعة النيلين, 2003) ثريا احمد حمزة يوسف, ABSTRACT This study tackles the first existence of Shambat town, its development, constructionally and urbanizationally, starting from the Turc0—Egyptian Rule in l921, the Mahdist Revolutionary Government, the Condominium period, till independence dawn in 1956 and during subsequent national governments up to 2003. The study concentrated mainly on the period extending from 19632003 Which witnessed the beginning of planning and replanning ofShalnbat town that obviously led to t-he clear situation of this town, with no exception, but to extend to the east as other directions are totally closed for its futtue expansion This study consists of five chapters, which covered all aspects pertaining to it, cemented with field work findings, represented by maps, tables, figures and plates, which reflected the development of the town and its future prospects. This is’ coupled with the researcller's scientifically purposed observations which led to the actual findings that the study targeted to achieve. The study also depended on a number of complementary scientific approaches: historical, descriptive and statistical analysis. The researcher, was able to arrive at many results the most salient of hich are : 1. That Shambat is al1 old residential site, which dates back before the Turco- Egyptian Rule. - 2. Shambat with its present situation, does 110t pern1_it any future expansion _ for any further residential sites 3. Construction of modern streets enabled Shambat town to be connected with other neighboring areas conveniently. The findings and reconiniendations arrived at, that this study may contribute to throw light on the shape that Sharnbat tow11 will have during the planning al1d urbanization processes in the future.Item العوامل الجغرافية لتدني خدمات المياه بمدينة التنمية وانعكاساتها على التنمية(جامعة النيلين, 2003) ام سلمة خليل محمد اسماعيلItem النزوح من الريف الى مدينة الجنينة واثر الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والديمغرافي في الفترة من 1982 - 2008 م(جامعة النيلين, 2009) احمد بركات طه ابراهيمملخص البحث يتناول هذا البحث النزوح وأثره على مدينة الجنينة وذلك من خلال الوقوف على أهم الآثار التي ترتبت على المدينة التي أصبحت مركز لتجمع النازحين . تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة الفترات الزمنية التي ظهرت فيها عملية النزوح بشكلها الحالي مع التركيز على الآثار التي طرأت على مجتمع المرأة والطفل. كما تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى عقد مقارنة بين الحالة الاجتماعية والاقتصادية للنازحين قبل وبعد عملية النزوح ودراسة الخصائص السكانية للمدينة في المستقبل . اعتمد الباحث على المنهج الاستقرائي لتوضيح أبعاد ظاهرة النزوح في المدى القريب والبعيد وذلك عن طريق استخدام الوسائل الرياضية في معالجة البيانات التي تتميز بالديناميكية ، كما استخدم الباحث الوسيلة الوصفية وذلك لوصف الظاهرات الطبيعية والبشرية . ولإجراء هذه الدراسة اعتمد الباحث على مصادر جمع البيانات الأولية والتي تتمثل في العمل الميداني حتى يكون الباحث وجهاً لوجه أمام الظاهرة المراد دارستها، كذلك تم توفير قدر كبير من البيانات من مصادرها ذات الصلة بالموضوع وشملت الدراسة على اختيار عينة البحث التي تتألف من النازحين البالغ عددهم 276672 نسمة بحجم عينة تقدر بـ 200 أسرة ، وفي مراحل البحث المختلفة توصل الباحث إلى عدد من النتائج تشير في مجملها إلى تأثر سكان الريف بظاهرة النزوح ، وقد لعبت العديد من العوامل في نزوح عدد من الأسر ، ولكن بعد ظهور ظاهرة النهب المسلح والحروبات القبلية والحركات المسلحة ؛ كان ميلاد إيواء النازحين بأعداد كبيرة داخل المعسكرات والأحياء السكنية بمنطقة الدراسة مما أحدث إضافة ديمغرافية لها سلبياتها في الوقت الراهن ولكن يمكن الاستفادة منها في المستقبل . حيث خرجت الدراسة بعدد من التوصيات التي يمكن الاستفادة منها في تحديد حجم المشكلة والعمل على معالجتها بصورة جيدة ترضي وتلبي حاجة المجتمع الجديد الذي يتكون من النازحين وسكان المدينة على حد سواء. This research tackles the displacement and its impact on the city, and that is through the acknowledgement of the resulted impacts on the city which became a center for displaced people assembly. It‘ targets to know the periods in which the displacement operation appeared in its present form with making stress on the impacts on the woman and child. Also it targets to make a social and economical comparison between the displaced people before and after the displacement operation, and to study the demographic characteristics of the city in the future. The researcher used the inductive methodology to explain the displacement phenomenon dimensions at the short and long range, and that is by using the statistical analysis in the treatment of the data that distinguished as dynamic because the human entity is in continuous change. Also used the descriptive methodology for the description of the natural and human phenomenon. The primary data is collected from the field study. The study sample the displaced people community which comprises W7 7V7'persons, by a sample size of Y" ' persons. From he most important reached results are,‘ that the rural population is aflected by the displacement phenomenon, and many factors played a role in the displacement of many families, but after the appearance of the armed robbery, tribal wars and the armed movements, the birth of harboring the displaced people in great numbers inside the camps and in the residential quarters in the study area. Which made a demographic addition to the city which has its negative impact presently, but can be make use of in the future. Whereas, the researcher reached many recommendations which can be made use of it in specification of the problem volume, and to work for its treatment in a good manner that satisfies and meets the new community needs which comprises the displaced people and the city citizens together.Item الخصائص الديموغرافية واثرها على الخدمات والموارد الاقتصادية في مدينة سبها بالجماهيرية العربية الليبية(جامعة النيلين, 2006) رسول عطية عبودABSTRACT This study handled the topic of the demographic characteristics and their impact on services and economic resources at Sabha town, since 1990. This period had witnessed important transformations, which depended on the society’s orientations and policy towards the issues related to the topic under study; especially in relation to the economic and social development problem. The studygadopted a number of methodologies, the most significant of which were the historical- analytic- statistical approaches. The purpose is to achieve the following: _ - The determination of the directions of demographic change in Sabha. - Monitoring the effect of economic and social development programmes on population growth, distribution and structure. - Linking the results of these changes with the sustainable development perspective. For the achievement of these objectives, the study contained seven chapters; in addition to the introduction and conclusion. Chapter one reviewed the research strategy. Chapter two covered the theoretical framework for the study. The most important demographic theories were recognized. Chapter three formed, briefly, the geographical features of the study area. Chapter four handled the demographic characteristics of Sabha town. Chapter five dealt with the impact of growth on the economic resources and services at Sabha town. Chapter six discussed the future of population growth and services in the study area. 1 Finally, chapter seven reviewed the most important results and recommendation as follows: 2 1-Despite the Largeness of the study area, its natural resources are limited. Those related to agriculture and pastoral activities have already been exploited. 2- The population increased by high rates during the period of the study. These rates amounted to (3.6%). This is due to the rise in the natural growth rate amongst the Libyan population, which amounted to (2.5%) during the same period. 3- Through discussion with the in-coming employment to Sabha, it was discovered that, despite the flow of large numbers of in-coming employment, to participate in the implementation of the development programmes, their ratio to the total population did not rise to the extent of making a negative demographic impact. 4- An important demographic phenomenon which resulted from the rise ill the rates of population growth, in the study period, was the young hood of the population. Because of the rise in the ratio of the young (less than l5 years). 5- As a result of the expansion in educational services and their spreading over all the regions, illiteracy ratio decreased amongst the Libyan population, from (77.5%) in 1964, to (22.5%) in 1992. 6- The findings of the study indicate that there is a great development in admission to educational institutions. Thus, the number of pupils and students increased by. animal rate of (7%) in 1995. 7- The reduction of the contribution of Sabha population to economic activities. Thus, their ratio decreased from (43.3%) in 1964, to (38.5%) in 1995. This was due to the joining of alarge ratio of the population of the various educational stages. 2 8- According to the man-power distribution at Sabha town, regarding the main economic activities, it was discovered that there is a reduction in the ratio of the employees in the primary sector; and_t1leir rise in the secondary and tertiary sector. _ 9- Libya had witnessed a high rate of urban growth. Thus, the number of urban population kept rising from year to year so the ratio of urbanization increased from (57.5%) in 1973; to (85.5%) in 1995.Item أثر النمو السكاني على الخدمات الصحية والتعليمية في مدينة نيالا - ولاية جنوب دارفور(جامعة النيلين, 2016) سامية علي النمرمستخلص البحث تناولت الدراسة أثر النمو السكاني على الخدمات الصحية والتعليمية في مدينة نيالا. هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة أثر الزيادة السكانية على الخدمات من حيث توزيعها ونوعيتها في المنطقة ومدى كفايتها وتناسبها مع الكثافة السكانية. إتبعت الدراسة المنهج العلمي الحديث الذي يجمع بين خصائص المنهجين الإستقرائي والإستباطي في جمع وتحليل البيانات ثم الاعتماد على المصادر الاولية والثانوية. ثم عرض خطة البحث وإجراءتها المنهجية والتى شملت مشكلة البحث وأهمية البحث وأهداف البحث وفروض البحث ومنهج البحث والتعرف على منطقة الدراسة ومصادر جمع المعلومات والصعوبات التى واجهة الباحثة ثم النمو السكاني وتعريف الخدمات وتخطيط وتصنيف الخدمات والمعايير الدولية للخدمات الصحية والتعليمية، والتعرف على الخصائص الطبيعية والبشرية ثم تناولت الدراسة الخدمات الصحية والتعليمية وكيفية توزيعها ومدى تناسبها وكفايتها مع العددية السكانية، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى : 1. وجود نقص في الخدمات الصحية والتعليمية وعدم كفاءة توزيعها. 2. عدم التوزيع العادل للخدمات وتناسبها مع عدد الأحياء ومعاناه بعض السكان في الوصول للخدمات. وخلصت الدراسة ببعض التوصيات التى قد تساهم في حل مشكلة الخدمات منها الدعم الحكومي الكامل لقطاعي الصحة والتعليم، وضرورة تبني خطة تهدف إلى تحسين الخدمات الصحية والتعليمية في مدينة نيالا. Abstract The is Study deals with the impact of population growth on health and educational services in South Darfur State fore instance (case study Neyalah town). The aimed to figure out the influences of population growth on Services in respect distribution and type in an area, and to what extend its sufficient and fit with population density. The study adopted modern scientific method which, combined between characteristics of two different methods Deductive and inductive method in data gathering and analysis, the depending on primary and secondary data in addition to field work as well as personal interviews and field survey. Then display research plan, systematic procedures which content of research problem, importance of the research, research objectives, assumptions and research methodology. Furthermore identifying of study Area, sources of gathering data and challenges faces the researcher, then population growth, services definition, planning and classification of services in addition to international standards of Educational and Health Services, identifying the human and natural characteristics. Where the study deals with Educational and Health Services and its way of distribution and its appropriateness and sufficient with population's number, so the study reached to the following findings: Firstly: the lack of Educational and Health Services Secondly: lack of equal share of services and its appropriate with the number of areas, suffering of some populations to reaches the services. The study concludes to the following recommendation that is participating on figure the problem out such governmental support and subsidy of Health and Education Sector. Importance of adopting strategy aims to improve Health and Educational Services in Neyala Town.