اقتصاديات اقليم نهر الرهد في السودان

Abstract

ABSTRACT Applied academic geographical researches at Sudan and other developing countries are not known till the seventh decade of this centuary, after they have gained their independence and their role at the world economics have been expanded . Even geographical applied studies are counted recent at the world most developed icountries for these are not used till (1958) or more definite after the second world war for curring and solving the difficult problems specially of economical crisis and the hard years followed, which have needed new needs and will's and estimations that can not be seen or measured without geographical aproaches and reaches help, as geography is counted the main source of complete knowledge, through which many complex problems can be solved, especially in structuring the main basis of regional planning and developing. This applied economical study has followed and acompanied by a new recent method, which has being used for the first time at (1985) for the developing the economics of agroecosystem of rural regions of some Asiatic developing countries and has found to be successful and fruitful, so the researcher has used it for the first time at Sudan at this academic appliedstudy. This method being one inside a large frame of such methods under general heading of "Rapid Rural Appraisal (R. R. A) and AgroEcosystem Analysis (A.A). These have special philosophy, history and tequniques, which organise concepts that provide their retical framework and which are taken as basis for analysing these rural agroecosystems, and help in putting and delivering some suggestions which lead to create a stable and sustainable economical development. Analysing operations of these rural agroecosystems are greatly been achieved with rigor and speed by using proper aproaches, in particular well defined common properties. For each level in the hierarchy which can be related to each other within and between levels, has main four keys properties, exist to be neccessary, these are productivity, stability, sustainability and equalibity. i The target of this study is to acknowledge and recover thel main feature of the "Sudan River Rahad Region Economics" and to analyse the main causes behind its delaying if has measured by its both economical neigbours regions (Elgazira) at the west and .(Elgash) at the east, and that through proving two theories the first being geographical which proves that economical activities at any society reflect the standard of the population if these are advanced that means population is advanced and civilised and the opposite is true if primitive and delayed which means the over take and the strong grasp of physical features. The scond to prove that using applied geography accompanied by such recent methods are found to be the most successful in putting suggestions and plans for developing Sudanese rular agroecosystem regions. The method has directed taking acomplex statistical and economical approaches as main basis for appraisaling and analysing, as "Region" at these methods means "Region Under economical development", or "economical Regions" and that being the main cause behind dividing this study into two _main volumes at which the first contains two main levels of academic reviews, and the second contain the third, accordingly, the first volume has contained the main features of the main geographical resources and different main services facilities, and also the main to day economical activities there for it has consisted of the first nine chapter, through all of which it has taken its title. While the second volume has contained the main results of the researchs workshop there for has consisted of the two last analysing chapters tenth and eleventh from which it has taken its title, alsohas contained the main researchs final susbandaries such as abbreviation and the list of the academic references and specialised interviews and visits in and out the study area, and finally a short arabic account of the method of the research.