Al Neelain Medical Journal - VOL - 12

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Assessment of Nurses Competency during emergency Management of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Prof. Mustafa khidir Mustafa EL nimeiri, Prof. Ahmed Bolad
ABSTRACT Background: Nursing care is of utmost importance in survival of a patient with myocardial infarction. The competence of the nurse in charge is very crucial in such patient care. This study aimed at assessment of nurses‘ competence in management of patients presenting with myocardial infarction at five Hospitals in Khartoum State. Materials and Methods: Relevant data were collected by standardized structured questionnaire from 139 nurses (participants) caring from patients in the cardiac care units (CCU) and emergency departments. Results: The study enrolled 139 nurses (females 84% and males 16%); with various qualification degrees master 10 %, Bachelor 67% and diploma 23% randomly selected from the already mentioned departments. About 55% of the participants had level of knowledge in management of acute myocardial infarction below average while 42% of the study sample had attitude below average. Moreover, 58% of the participants had below average skill. By testing the factors that affect the competence components it appeared that training, management guidelines, qualification, experience in nursing and number of years expended in CCU and emergency department had got significant effect.Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that the level of the nurse competence in the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction depends on the advanced level of training and setting of clear guidelines for management.
Attitude of Patients with Bronchial Asthma towards their Management in Alshaab Teaching Hospital Khartoum State, Sudan
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Zeinab Taha Ali, Alaadin Hassan Ahmed
ABSTRACT Introduction: The World Health Organization and the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute have formed the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) to cut deaths and prevent disability from asthma through a programmer of education, treatment and prevention. The aim of this study is to assess the patient's behaviour regarding asthma management. Materials and Methods: The study involved 139 asthmatic adult patients no other lung disease. Data were collected by a Questionnaire and then analyzed by SPSS version 17. They were calculated to test patient's behaviour regarding asthma management with demographic factors. Statistical significance was accepted when P value equals or less than 0.05. Results: The males were 59 (42.4%) and females were 80 (57.6%). One hundred and three (74.1) patients took their medication as prescribed by the treating physician. One hundred and twenty patients (87.8%) followed the environmental precautions for items that were allergic to. Sixty three (45.3%) of the patients Keep follow-up with the chest physician and 135 patients (97.1%) used to take inhaler for treatment of their disease. Conclusion: The vast majority of the asthmatic patients in Alshab Teaching Hospital complied with the prescribed drugs and the advice towards precautions against environmental asthma provoking allergens. Less than half of patients had regular follow- up with the chest physician.
Bacterial contamination of babies’ skin care products in Sudanese markets
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Yosra .T. Osman, Mohammed Elfatih .A. Omar
ABSTRACT Background: Infants are born with a developing epidermal barrier that is more permeable and more reactive to the environment. Babies‘ skins are very susceptible to infection which may acquire through microbial contaminants in skin care products. Method: Bacteriological quality was examined for 93 babies‘ skin care products, collected randomly from local Sudanese markets. The samples include 39 lotions, 45 talc powders and 9 shampoos, isolation of bacteria passed through many stages, started by inoculation of products into nutrient broth then cultured in selective media and identification of isolates confirmed by using biochemical tests. Results: The incidence of contamination recovered variable bacteria, Bacillus spp isolated from 39 samples (41.9% ), Pseudomonas aeruginosa from 16 (17.2% ), Gram negative rods isolated from 3 samples (3.22%), and a mixture of Gram negative rods and Gram positive rods isolated from 3 samples (3.22%), Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 4 samples (4.3%), coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated from two samples (2.1%) and one sample was found to be contaminated by E.coli(1.07%). Conclusions: The results showed high incidence of bacterial contamination by potential hazardous microorganisms. Attention must be paid to microbial hazard analysis in critical control points to minimize risk of contamination to produce a product which is microbiologically acceptable.
The effect of Cigarette Smoking on Serum Uric Acid Concentration of Adult Sudanese Smokers
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Tahani Majzoub Ali, AbdElkarim A. Abdrabo
ABSTRACT Background: Uric acid in humans is the most abundant aqueous antioxidant, accounting for up to 60% of serum free radical scavenging capacity. It is an important intracellular free radical scavenger during metabolic stress such as smoking and hence its level in serum reflects the antioxidant capacity. This study aimed to assess the effect of cigarette smoking on the levels of serum uric acid in Sudanese people. Materials and methods: The study included 268 apparently healthy Sudanese volunteers, from them 134 were cigarette smoker males and females, and 134 were nonsmokers as a control group. Blood specimens were collected for estimation of uric acid in serum using automated clinical chemistry analyzer. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS program. Results: The mean age of smokers was 40 years (SD= 10), while it was 37 years (SD=12) for nonsmokers. Serum UA in smokers ranged between 3.7 and 6.8 mg/dl with mean of 4.8 mg/dl (SD=0.77), while it ranged between 3.5 and 7.3 mg/dl with a mean of 5.2 mg/dl (SD=0.91) in non-smokers. Duration of smoking and number of cigarettes smoked were inversely correlates with serum uric acid concentration. Conclusion: The mean of serum uric acid was lower in smokers compared to non-smokers, and has significant negative correlation with smoking status including the average number of cigarettes smoked/day and duration of smoking.
Effect of coffee drinking on total cholesterol, and uric acid level among Healthy Sudanese Adult People
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Omer Elfroog Gaffar Mohammed Elmobarak, A.M. Elsoofi
ABSTRACT Consumption of coffee is commonly practiced by Sudanese citizens. The present study was conducted to explore the possible relationship between the total cholesterol and uric acid levels and the intake of coffee. Methodology: This study was done in Khartoum State from June to August 2013. Plasma levels of total cholesterol (T.C) and uric acid (U.A) concentrations were determined in hundred 100 apparently healthy adult males and females (coffee drinkers 50, non coffee drinkers 50). Conclusion: In our study all coffee drinker subjects were found to consume filtrated coffee. The results showed significant decrease in uric acid level but not in cholesterol level among coffee drinkers. The duration and amount of coffee consumed had the same effect regardless of amount and duration of consumption.
Management Outcome of under-five year Children with acute and severe Malnutrition attending three Paediatric Hospitals in Khartoum State
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Egbal Abbashar Algmar, Omima M. Sabir
ABSTRACT Background: Malnutrition is globally the most important risk factor for diseases and death. It contributes to more than half of deaths in children worldwide. About 54% of deaths in developing countries were among malnourished children as 2001 report . Analysis of the outpatient case load in health facilities revealed that the majority of outpatient case load were among under-five children. The nutritional indicators are still poor; the SHHS shows that underweight prevalence is 31 % and stunting is 32.5 % and those who are wasted are 14.8% (-2 SD). Significant inequalities are evident between states, for instance the stunting prevalence ranges is 8.2% in Gezira State and 30.9% in Unity state (South Sudan). Objectives:The main objective of the study was to assess the management outcome of severe acute malnutrition in children under five years‘ children so as to provide policy makers with information enable them to decide properly for management of malnutrition. Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross sectional Hospital-based study conducted in 2012 at three pediatrics hospitals (Ahmed Gasim , Mohmed Alamin Hamid hospital and Dr/ Jafer Ibn oof specialized children hospital ) in Khartoum state –Sudan . Consecutive sample was used for selecting 210 participants. Standardized administered questionnaire, study subject Record and check list was used to collect data through asking, observing and reviewing medical child record. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The results showed that most of the participants were in age group between one and two years and approximately of equal genders. The outcome of the data revealed that 80.5 % were cured while 19.5% died. Conclusion: The study found that the mortality rate from malnutrition was about one fifth of the malnourished children
Post-abortion care (PAC) awareness among the nurses of Khartoum State Governmental hospitals- Sudan
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Aisha Mohammed Adam Ali
ABSTRACT Background: This study investigated the quality of knowledge and attitude of post abortion care (PAC) among nurses in governmental hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan. It was a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between the 2nd of August and 30th of November 2012. It enrolled 43 certified nurses working in departments of gynecology in four governmental hospitals in Khartoum State. Data concerning their knowledge and skill in post abortion care were collected by structured questionnaires through direct interview. Results: The participants were comprised of auxiliary nurses (44.2%), technical nurses (35.8%) and professional nurses (7.5%). Most of the nurses were either BSc or Diploma holders; although most of them had long experience, but 90.7 % were not specifically trained. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS v 13.0. Conclusion: Most of the participants were sufficiently aware about clinical history, making pre-operative preparations. However, most of them were poorly aware about physical assessment, proper infection prevention, and pain management. The general awareness of the participants was averagely poor. An important point was that the nurses were overwhelmed with the work.
Serum Electrolyte and Bone Mineral Status in Sudanese Patients with Thyroid Dysfunction
(جامعة النيلين - مركز النيلين الطبي, 2013-11) Abedelmula M. Abdealla1, Fadwa Ali Salih2
ABSTRACT Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the impact of thyroid dysfunction and treatment on serum electrolytes and bone mineral. Design: A case control study period from December 2012 to February 2013. Outpatient attending Radiation and Isotopic Center of Khartoum (RICK). Material and Method: 150 Sudanese female were enrolled in the study , fifty hypothyroidism and fifty hyperthyroidsim patients were taken as cases. In addition to fifty healthy volunteers with normal thyroid hormone profile were taken as controls, matching age and sex . The serum magnesium was measured spectrophotomerically,and the kits were supplied from spin react.Serum calcium and phosphorous were estimated by autoanalyzer (mindary-BS200) kits provided from spinreact .Sodium and potassium were estimated by ion selective electrode . and kits were provided from the cormay and the collected Data was analyzed by computerized SPSS program. Result: There is slight decrease in serum sodium and magnesium (133.53 ± 2.65 versus 137.93 ± 3.57, 1.97 ± .32, versus 1.99 ±.37 mg/dl respectively) (p ≥ 0.05) , and significant decrease in serum calcium (8.98±.83 mg/dl versus 9.02 ± .29 mg/dl respectively) ( p ≤ 0.05) ,with significant increase in serum potassium and phosphate(4.99±..65 mmol/l versus 3.99 ±.55 mmol/l and 4.89 ± 0.13, versus 4.03 ± 0.09) ( p ≤ 0.05) level in hypothyroidism group when compared with control group. The study recorded slight increase in serum sodium(141.87 ± 2.65 versus 137.93 ± 9.05 respectively) (p ≥ 0.05) , serum calcium (9.17±..62 mg/dl versus 9.02 ± .29 mg/dl) ( p ≥ 0.05),and phosphate(4.07 ± 0.14, versus 4.03 ± 0.09) ( p ≥ 0.05) , with significant increase in serum magnesium (2.22 ± .32, versus 1.99 ±.37 respectively) ( p ≥ 0.05) , and slight decrease in serum potassium (3.5 ±.36 mmol/l versus 3.99 ±.55 mmol/l ), ( p ≥ 0.05) level in hyperthyroidism group when compared with control group In hypothyroidism patients the study observed significant positive correlation of serum potassium and phosphate with the duration of the disease( p ≤ 0.05), and negatively correlated with the treatment of the disease ( p≤ 0.05), and serum calcium and magnesium level is significantly negatively correlation with the duration of the disease in hypothyroidism patients ( p ≤ 0.05), and positively correlated with the treatment of the disease ( p≤ 0.05).In contrast in hyperthyroidism patient serum sodium, magnesium and phosphate is significantly positively correlated with the duration of the disease( p ≤ 0.05) , and negatively correlated with the treatment of the disease ( p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion: hypothyroidism cause significant increase in serum potassium and phosphours, with significant decrease in serum calcium and magnisum, In contrast hyperthyroidism caused slight increased in serum sodium and calcium, with significant increase in serum magnesium