كلية القانون - ماجستير
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Item (دراسة مقارنة)الأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية(2018) سيروان جلال نجم كريممستخلص يتناول هذا البحث الأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية في القانون العراقي والقوانين العربية الأخرى. وتنبع أهمية هذا البحث في أنه يعتبر مرجعاً متواضعاً لطلاب القانون بصفة عامة وللمحاميين بصفة خاصة. ولتحقيق أهداف هذا البحث استخدم الباحث المنهج الاستقرائي والوصفي والمقارن. تتمثل مشكلة البحث في ماهية أنواع الأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية والآثار المترتبة عليها. تم تقسيم هذا البحث إلى فصل تمهيدي وثلاثة فصول، حيث تناول الفصل التمهيدي مفهوم الأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية من خلال ثلاثة مباحث. الفصل الأول تناول أنواع الأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية في ثلاثة مباحث والفصل الثاني تناول إجراءات ما بعد الأحوال الطارية على الدعوى المدنية أما الفصل الثالث تناول الآثار الناشئة عن الأحوال المترتبة على الدعوى المدنية. وتوصل الباحث إلى عدد من النتائج والتوصيات أهمها أن المشرع العراقي لم يكن دقيقاً في تسمية الأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية في قانون المرافعات المدنية رقم (83) لسنة 1969م، وكذلك المشرع السوداني لم يخصص نصاً قانونياً للأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية. ومن أهم التوصيات أن يخصص المشرع السوداني نصاً قانونياً للأحوال الطارئة على الدعوى المدنية في قانون الإجراءات المدنية. Abstract This research come under the title the emergency cases of civil suit in Iraqi law and other Arab laws. The importance of this research is that it is considered a modest reference of law students in general and for lawyers in particular. To achieve the objectives of this research, the researcher used the inductive, descriptive and comparative method. The problem of research is what types of emergencies are the civil case and the consequences thereof. This research was divided into a preliminary chapter and three chapters. The introductory chapter dealt with the concept of emergency cases in three cases. Chapter one deals with the types of emergency cases in the civil case in three cases and the second chapter dealt with the procedures after the emergency cases on the civil case Chapter three dealt with the effects arising from the circumstances arising from the civil lawsuit. The researcher reached a number of conclusions and recommendations, the most important of which is that the Iraqi legislator was not precise in naming the emergency cases on the civil case in Civil Procedure Law No. (83) of 1969, as well as the Sudanese legislator did not allocate a legal text for the emergency cases on the civil lawsuit. One of the most important recommendations is that the Sudanese legislator assigns the text of a law on emergency cases to civil proceedings in the Code of Civil Procedure.Item قواعد واجراءات التحكيم(alneelain, 1999) عبدالعزيز محمد الحسين ادمABSTRACT SUMMARY OF RESEARCH WORK THIS IS FOR OBTAINING AMSTAR DEGREE ( LAW) ON RULES AND PROCEDURES OF ARBITRA TION PRESENTED BY : ABDELAZIZ MOHAMMED ELHUSSEIN This study consists of mles and procedures of arbitration in which. the important characteristics and special distinctions of arbitration are illustrated since it is considered as private adversary rather than legal one. It has been come up with the fact that arbitration is aprivate systelll f()!· litigation that is organized by law, all attempts and views that differentiate between arbitration and adjudication haven't. Yet come to genuine results to deal with, or brought arbitration out of its legal nature. I have come to the conclusion that both arbitration and adjudication perfonn the same function in content and substance , the difference between the two is , otherwise , found in the fonn and methods in which the fimction are perfonned . For ajudge , more over, it usually perfonns the fimction of disputes detennination through the judicial institution and by means of procedure before the courts and that often applicable to all disputes. Arbitrator , on the other hand, usually perfonns the same above fimction apart 11-0111 .courts , particularly specific dispute according to the special procedures that agreed to by the disputing parts. I have also come to the fact that by means of arbitration, burdens on nOl1llal judiciary's shoulder could be lessened by preventing cases acclllllulation before the cOUlis that usually both courts and parties suffer ti'om , and in pursue of which state and disputing parties time, etfort and lI10ney are wasted. As far as the study objective is concerned, getting rid of nIl the above - mentioned problems is the concept of more jllstice that all modern civilized nations are endeavoring to achievc .Item نظرية الطعن بالنقض في الاحكام المدنية في القانون الدستوري والمصري(alneelain, 1999) رشيد محمد علي الجعليItem الحاجة الماسة والفشل في سداد الاجرة كسببين لاسترداد العين المؤجرة في القانون السوداني(alneelain, 2004) محمد الفاتح حسن بشيرItem فكرة الحراسة في المسؤولية المدنية(alneelain, 2008) جمانة احمد محمد خير احمدAbstract The research "The Guardianship idea m civil responsibility" handles with the Rules for things Guardianship and the responsibility enfaces up.on the Guardian, in note that Guardianship as alegal system selected on the Givil transaction Act 1984 includes. Animal Guardianship, Building Guardianship and machines Guardianship. In all those kinds of responsibilities the Guardian remain responsible towards the injured party as a remedy of his Act or omission which causes the damages According to the tortuous liability principles. The research as a resu.It of study, analysis and Comparisons, and Consideration of the laws and regulations that organize Givil liability, found that the measure established for the Guardian responsibility is a joint and vicarious in all kinds of Guardianship, based on "The Actual controlling of the thing" that means were the Guardian presses controller, use, or administration on the thing under his Guardianship he will be responsible for damages resulting from it.Item الوكالة الظاهرة : دراسة مقارنة(جامعة النيلين, 2005) ايمن محمد زين عثمانAbstract Ostensible agency- Generally, agency emerges out from three main sources. These are : . 1- actual authority by express agreement , 2- actual authority by implication, 3- actual authority derived from usual or customary authority. In fact the study is dealing with agency which is not derived of either of the foresaid sources, that which is called apparent or ostensible agency. i.e agency by estopell. The said agency arises where the principal holds out a person as his agent for the purpose of making commercial transactions with a third party who relies on that fact. The theory is based on a fact that the principal is procluded from denying a position created and supported by his behavior to the extent that 3'“ parties relied and acted innocently upon it. Consequently the principal, by such a conduct ought to bear all obligations arising out of concluded conduct though not expressly or impliedly consented to. The establishment and application of the ostensible agency is essentially greatly required for the conconsistency, stability and certainity of commercial transactions. The these came to conclusions and certain recomendations which ought to be regarded on future legislation in this respect.Item التزام المشتري بدفع الثمن وتحمل مصروفات المبيع(جامعة النيلين, 2015) محمد سالم موسي ابو مصطفيThis research is basically on one of the most important contracts both in law and Islamic sharia i.e. the sale of goods contract, this contract is closly connected to the daily life of every bodyl The focus is on the obligations of the purchase, namely. the obligation to pay the price and the obligation to pay the fees of the subject matter. The researcher has in details discussed the rules relating to the sellers obligations and the other part and his obligation which is why they have been excluded here. The research is divided into five chapters, chapter one expose the concept of sales of goods contract in general language and technically , sharia and English and Eudanese laws. Chapter two defines the price, its conditions in Civil Transactions Act 1984 and the nullified Civil Code 1971. It also discusses the different types of sales in Islamic Jurisprudence in which price takes different forms. Further more, the chapter discusses the gurint price as one of the mechanisms through which the price can be determined. The chapter also expose the various types of actions relating to the obligation of the burchaser to psy the price. Chapter three concentrates on payment of price and its tennination as an obligation . it also discuses payment of benefits coming out of the price in the Civil Translations Act 1984, the nullified civil 1971, and English and Egyptian laws. In additions this chapter clarifies the right of the seller and the burchaser to lien. Chapter four is about the rules and effects related to the breach of contract by the buyer, by non paying the price or refusing to bear the fees of the subject matter. These effects include, interalia the right to lien and right to terminate the contract. The chapter states the three types of termination; judicial termination, contractual termination and termination according to the rules of law. Chapter five illustrates the fees of the subject matter in the Civil Transactions Act and English law. The rules of the English law in respect to fees are stated by shortly discussing the intemational (fob-car)sale of goods contract The reach contains a conclusion states the most significant findings and hatices, the most prominent one is that the Civil Transaction, Act 1984 has really and unique distinguished provisions. The research proposes some recommendations that can contribute to the legal reform process as far as price and fees payment is concemed.Item المسؤولية المدنية للصحفي الناشئة عن انتهاك حرمة الحياة الخاصة(2017) نــــــور علي حسين خلفمستخلص يتناول هذا البحث موضوع المسؤولية المدنية للصحفي الناشئة عن انتهاك حرمة الحياة الخاصة، فعلى الرغم من أن بعض التشريعات بالدول المقارنة وفرت الحماية للحق في الحياة الخاصة وبشكل قوي من خلال النص عليها في القانون المدني والجزائي بل حتى في دساتيرها، إلا أن هذه الحماية والقواعد التي كانت تقررها التشريعات لم تعد كافيه وخاصة بعد التقدم الهائل في مجال الإعلام والتي سهلت من انتهاك حرمة الحياة الخاصة. تمثل جوهر البحث في إيجاد توازن بين حرية الإعلام وحقه في نقل المعلومات إلى الجمهور وحق الأفراد في العيش بحياة هادئة بعيدة عن تطفل الآخرين تكمن أهمية البحث من أهمية الصحافة ومالها من أثر في الفرد والمجتمع. ولغرض تحقيق أهداف البحث تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المقارن لنصوص القوانين التي نظمت المسؤولية المدنية للصحفي وبالتركيز على القانون العراقي والسوداني. خرج البحث بمجموعة من النتائج بين أهمها عدم كفاية القواعد القانونية المنصوص عليها في قانون الدول المقارنة لتنظيم المسؤولية المدنية للصحفي عن انتهاك حرمة الحياة الخاصة بالإضافة إلى عدم اتفاق الفقهاء على إعطاء تعريف محدد للحق في حرمة الحياة الخاصة سواء في المجال الفقهي أو التشريعي أو القضائي. تنعكس النتائج التي استقر عليها البحث في التوصيات، من بينها دعوة المشرع العراقي والسوداني إلى وضع تعريف للحياة الخاصة وتحديد طبيعتها وعناصرها ودعوة المشرع السوداني بالنص على مدد لتقادم دعوى المسؤولية المدنية للصحفي في قانون الصحافة والمطبوعات أسوةً بالتشريعات الأخرى. Abstract This research deals with the topic of civil responsibility of journalist, although some comparative international legislations have provided protection for the right of personal life through some civil and penalty laws but thee laws are not enough anymore especially after the development of all types of mass media which made it easy to violate people's lives. This research is centered on finding a balance between freedom of mass media and its right in transferring information and between peoples right in a peaceful life away of others interference in their businesses. The results of the research are reflected in the recommendations. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher made use of comparative descriptive analytical method to compare between laws and articles that organized the civil responsibility of journalist by focusing on Iraqi and Sudanese law. Some of the importance results achieved are the incompetence of legal rules in comparative countries laws to organize journalist civil responsibility not to violate the privacy of people's lives, in addition to there is a disagreement between legislators in providing a precise definition of the right in personal privacy whether in jurisprudence or legislative judiciary. The results of the research are reflected in the recommendations that Iraqiand Sudanese judiciary project are advised to give a critic definition of personal life and specify its nature. it also invite the Sudanese's Judiciary project to provide articles concerning journalists civil responsibility in laws of journalism and prints following other legislationsItem العيوب في تحريات الشرطة(2011) عاطف محمد أحمد فقيرItem أحكام رهن المال الشائع(2017) حسام سرحان عطية حيدرمستخلص ناقش هذا البحث موضوع أحكام رهن المال الشائع ، دراسة مقارنة بالتركيز على القانون المدني العراقي السوداني ، وقد هدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف برهن المال الشائع وبيان تكييف حق الشريك المشتاع في القانون والفقه الاسلامي ، وقد اتبع الباحث في كتابة البحث المنهجي الوصفي التحليلي والمقارن واستنباطي ، وتنبع أهمية البحث من كونه من المسائل الشديدة الصلة بالواقع العملي لحياة الناس . وقد تناول البحث على مقدمة وثلاثة فصول وخاتمة حيث تناول الباحث في الفصل الأول مفهوم رهن المال الشائع ، وتناول الفصل الثاني حكم الرهن الصادر من جميع الشركاء وأغلبيتهم ، أما الفصل الثالث فقد تناول حكم الرهن الصادر من أحد الشركاء . وقد توصل الباحث إلى عدة نتائج منها أن الشيوع ينقضي كما ينشأ بناء على واقعة مادية أو تصرف قانوني وأن السبب الرئيسي لانقضاء الشيوع هو القسمة ، وأن فقهاء القانون قد اختلفوا حول تكييف حق الشريك المشتاع ، والرأي الراجح في الفقه القديم والحديث أن حق الشريك المشتاع هو حق الملكية بالمعنى الدقيق ، وأن الأصل في التصرف هو الإجماع ، إلا أن بعض التشريعات أجازت التصرف لأغلبية الشركاء ، وأن تصرف الشريك في جزء مفرز يكون صحيحاً بين طرفيه ومتوقفاً على نتيجة القسمة ، كما أن تصرف الشريك في كل المال الشائع يكون صحيحاً في حدود حصته ولاينفذ في حق شركائه . وتنعكس النتائج التي أسفر عنها البحث في التوصية بتعديل القانون المدني العراقي والسوداني في النصوص المتعلقة بتصرف الأغلبية في المال الشائع وتنظيم مصير الرهن بعد القسمة لتفادي الاختلاف بين الفقهاء وحتى لايفقد الدائن حقه في الرهن . Abstract This research discussed the provisions of the common money mortgage, a comparative study focusing on the Sudanese Iraqi civil law. This research aimed to identify the common money and to indicate the adaptation of the right of the common partner in Islamic law and jurisprudence. The researcher followed the descriptive, analytical, and comparative methods. The importance of this research represents in the most important issues related to the practical reality of people's lives. The study dealt with the introduction, three chapters and the conclusion, where the researcher dealt in the first chapter the concept of mortgage common property, chapter two dealt with the mortgage issued by all partners and the majority of them, while the third chapter dealt with the mortgage provision issued by one of the partners. The researcher has come up of several results as follows: the communion constructs according to material fact or legal action and that the main reason for the end of communion is division. There is variety between jurists on the adaptation of the right of the common partner, and the common aspects in the old and modern jurisprudence that the right of the common partner is right In the strict sense, and the origin of the act is the consensus, but some of the legislation authorized the disposal of the majority of partners. the disposal of the partner in a separate part is true between the parties and suspended the result of division, and the behavior of the partner in all common money is true within the limits of share. The results of the study are reflected in the recommendation to amend the Iraqi and Sudanese civil law in the texts concerning the majority's behavior in the common money and regulating the fate of the mortgage after the division to avoid differences between jurists and even the creditor loses his right to foreclosure.