Masters theses:Nursing

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Determinants of Human Immune Deﬁciency Virus among Adult HIV IAIDS Patients Attending to Bashair Teaching _Hospital- Khartoum State 1. September 2009 -1.December2009
(Al Neelain University, 2009) Zeinab ElRasheed AlGaily Almokashﬁ
AHDS is one of the widely prevailing global public health problems facing the world today and nobody is beyond its reach, so everyone should know the basic facts about it. HIV or AIDS has already killed millions of peoples, millions more continue to become infected with HIV, and there is no cure. So AIDS will be around for while yet. AIDS is a medical condition caused by HIV which belongs to the lentivirus group of the retrovirus family. There are at least two types of viruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2. The main purpose of this study, to study the determinants of HIV among adult HIV/AIDS patients attending to Bashair Teaching Hospital (Khartoum, Sudan) ,1. September 2009 — 1. December2009, in order to avail basic information for planning appropriate interventional control program. Methods This is descriptive cross-sectional hospital based study. Research instruments Data were collected by a standardized administered questionnaire aﬁer verbal consent from the pts and selected by total coverage from 1.9.2009 to 1.12.2009 included 60 patients (34male-26female) old and new patients, symptomatic and asymptomatic. Data analysis Data was analysed using SPSS package version 13 for quantitative data to ﬁnd out indicators aimed by this study such as knowledge and doing correlation analysis by cross tabulation with Chi square test, and p 5 0.05 was considered statistically signiﬁcant. The highest prevalence of HIV is found among the age group 30 to 39~years (45%); while the lower prevalence (10%) is found among the age group 50 — 59 years. Ninety percent of the study subjects were residing in Khartoum State. while just 31.7% were bome birthed at Khartoum State. For education, the higher prevalence was found to be related with the primary education (31%), while post graduated groups had lower percentage (1.7%) Regarding relation between previous knowledge about HIV and gender, males are more knowledgeable (60.8%) than females (39.2%). This study found that sexual intercourse is more frequent mode of transmission 40%. Sixty three percent of the subjects know about the condom while only 35% of the subjects used to use condom Forty percent of the respondents reported extra-marital relationship. The frequency of practicing sex (N=24) was as follows: 91.7% regularly and 8.3% intermittently For the relation of the population with the known HIV patient, 88.3% of the respondents live normally with their relevant. Recommendations Health education section to be encourage youth for marriage and multiple marriages, sterilization of surgical instruments and needles, condom usage and importance, important of volunteer test, aspects of HIV and STDs. Strategic behavioral communication (SBC) is to be established through an interactive process with individuals and communities to develop tailored communication strategies. Small- scale projects for poor families. Evidence —based Information, education and communication programs on I-IIV/AIDS/STIs control targeting the public are to be strengthened, monitored and evaluated regularly to ensure effectiveness and progress.
Midwives' Competences Regarding Human Immune Deficiency Virus Prevention during Conducting Normal Delivery in Labor Room at Omdurman Maternity Hospitals
(Al-Neelain University, 2020) Wamda kamal Abuzaid Mohamed Ali
Background: Human immune deficiency virus infection in women is a problem of growing magnitude and concern worldwide. Midwives' as primary health care providers for women's , must be fully informed about the scope of HIV in women in order to provide appropriate care and prevention to their women's. Objective: To study midwives' competences regarding HIV prevention during conducting normal delivery in labor room at Omdurman Maternity Hospitals. Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional hospital base study design conducted at Omdurman Maternity Hospitals. The tool of data collection was structure Self-administer questionnaire and checklists (filled by observer). This questionnaire consisted of three section (demographic data, knowledge, and attitude). Checklist consist of standard precautions of HIV prevention in labor room. The estimated sample size was 54 Midwives' chosen as convenience sampling. Data was analyzed computerize used statistical package for social science version 22 and presented through tables and figures, correlation chi square tests and p-value <0.05 considered significant with confidence level 95% was used. Results: Most important result of this study showed that less than have of midwives' 40% had very good knowledge, 22% were good, 20% were fair and 18%were poor, about attitude 44.3% of midwives' were have positive attitude and 16.2 % had negative attitude regarding HIV prevention in labor room, In regarding to practice, just 36.0% of them follow standard precautions of HIV Infection. Conclusion: Based on the findings this study concluded that overall knowledge of midwives' was good, but noncompliant with standard precautions of HIV prevention. There were significant association between overall knowledge and qualification Pv=0.00. Moreover there was also significant association between overall knowledge and midwives' practice P v= 0.00. Recommendation: This study recommended that additional concern prefer to be given to the labor rooms to improve the work environment. And activate intensive regular training programs, special training sessions to improve competences of midwives' regarding HIV prevention. And regular inspection, follow up grantees good infection control practice. Also further studies should be conducted with different approaches to fill the gaps. الخلفية: تعد الإصابة بفيروس نقص المناعه البشرية المكتسبة لدى النساء مشكلة ذات حجم وقلق متزايدين في جميع أنحاء العالم. القابلات كمقدمات للرعاية الصحية للمرأة يجب أن تكون على علم كامل بنطاق فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية لدى النساء من أجل توفير الرعاية والوقاية المناسبة لهن . الهدف: دراسة كفاءات القابلات فيما يتعلق بالوقاية من فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية في غرف الولادة في مستشفيات الولادة بأم درمان . المنهجية: دراسة وصفية مقطعية أجريت في مستشفيات أم درمان للولادة. تم جمع البيانات عن طريق الإستبيان وقوائم المراجعة (ملأها الباحث). يتكون الإستبيان من ثلاثة أجزاء (البيانات الشخصية، المعرفة، السلوك). وتتكون قائمة المراجعة من الإحتياطات القياسية للوقاية من فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية في غرفة الولادة. حيث كان حجم العينة 54 قابلة. وقد تم تحليل البيانات بإستخدام الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الإجتماعية المحوسبة - إصدار 22 -قدمت من خلال الجداول والرسوم الإحصائية و تم استخدام اختبارات كاي التربيعية والقيمة p <0.05 مع مستوى الثقة 95 ٪. النتائج : من أهم النتائج لهذه الدراسة أن أقل من 40٪ من القابلات كانت لديهن معرفة جيدة جدًا، 22٪ منهن جيدة ، 20٪ عادلة، 18٪ ضعيفة. حوالي 44.3٪ من القابلات لديهن موقف إيجابي و 16.2٪ لديهن موقف سلبي اتجاه السلوك الوقائي من فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية في غرف الولادة ، أما فيما يتعلق بالممارسة فقط 36.0 ٪ منهم يتبعون الاحتياطات القياسية لعدوى فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية. الخلاصة: بناءً على النتائج ، خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى أن مستوي معرفة القابلات كان جيد ولكنهن غير ملتزمات بالإحتياطات المعيارية للوقاية من فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية.حيث كان هناك ارتباط كبير بين المستوي التعليمي والمعرفة P v = 0.00. علاوة على ذلك ، كان هناك أيضًا ارتباط كبير بين معرفة القابلات وممارسة P v = 0.00. التوصية: بناءً على نتائج هذه الدراسة ، أوصي بضرورة مضاعفة الإهتمام بغرف الولادة و تحسين بيئة العمل. وتفعيل برامج ودورات تدريبية مكثفة ومنتظمة لتحسين كفاءة القابلات فيما يتعلق بالوقاية من فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية. وأيضا تفعيل الرقابة الدورية لتأكد من إتباع الممارسات الجيدة لمكافحة العدوى . كما يجب إجراء المزيد من الدراسات لسد ثغرات هذه الدراسة.