Masters theses : Medicine

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.neelain.edu.sd/handle/123456789/493

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Start date: 2003End date: 2009

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    Hypoiaemia in children with sickle cell anaemia in Khartoum state
    (ALNEELAIN UNIVERSITY, 2004-07) Yassin Hag Mohammed Hamid
    ABSTRACT Sickle cell disease is often complicated acutely or chronically by hypoxaemia. This is a descriptive cross-sectional hospital based study aimed to determine the frequency and possible associated factors of hypoxemia in patients with sickle cell anaemia in their steady state and crises. it was conducted in the sickle cell anaemia referral clinic in KCEH and paediatric wards in most of Khartoum state hospitals in the period from the 15' of April to the 30"‘ of June 2004. The total number of children enrolled in the study was 149 children with sickle cell anaemia aged 0 - £16 yrs, 100 of them in their steady state while 49 were in crises and 80(53.7%) were males while 69(46.3%) were females . Oxygen saturation (SpO2) was measured for all children by pulse oximeter and haematological investigations were also done. The overall frequency of hypoxaemia (SpO2 s 90%) was found to be 37.6% and the mean SpO2 was 92.3% 1 6.0. The frequency of hypoxaemia in patients with steady state was 39% while in those with crises was 34.6% and there was no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.373). There was no significant correlation between hypoxaemia and gender of patient but hypoxaemia was found to be more frequent in older age groups (p = 0.001) and in those with low weight centile (p= 0.028) but not with height (p = 0.864). Hypoxaemia was found to be associated with history of recurrent chest infection (p = 0.009) but not with history of blood transfusion or recurrent painful episodes. In patients with crises hypoxaemia was found to be correlated with breathlessness as a presenting symptoms (p =0.002) and there was a significant correlation with the type of crises (p = 0.031). Hypoxaemia was found to be correlated with low Hb (p = 0.000), low PCV (p = 0.005) and HbF (p = 0.001) but there was no correlation with retics count (p = 0.310)
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    Etiology of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Sudanese patients in KTH and ATH
    (ALNEELAIN UNIVERSITY, 2003-02) Afrah Yousif Adam Haroon
    Abstract This is a prospective study which was conducted in Khartoum teaching hospital, Alshaab teaching hospital and Alakademia charity hospital to determine the etiology of community acquired pneumonia in adult patients who required hospitalization and the antibiotics sensitivity ofthe isolated pathogen. lO4 patients were diagnosed as having community acquired pneumonia CAP during the period between July 2000- December 2002. The microbiological diagnosis was based on the results of sputum culture. In 47 patients (45.2%) the causative pathogen was isolated. Streptococcus pneumonae was isolated in 25 patients (24.8%), and it proved so tar as the most common organism responsible for CAP among patients in the study group which is similar when compared with that in western countries. Six patients (5.8%) proved to have tuberculosis as cause otiCAP. Most ofthe isolated Strept pneumonae was found to be sensitive to penicillin. Resistance to penicillin was detected in one patient who is originally from Chad. Most ofthe isolates were sensitive to cephalosporin and Quinolones.
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    Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Displaced Children in Kassala Town
    (Al Neelain University, 2005-01) Mamoun Magzoub Mohamed Osman
    Four hundred and fifty faecal specimens were collected from 450 displaced children around Kassala town aged from 6 moths to 13 years old and examined under microscope for the detection and identification of intestinal parasites. Microscopical examinations by two techniques were done (wet preparation and concentration technique by simple centrifugation). The examination explained that 80 (17.8%) were found to harbour stages of infective parasites. Four species of infective parasites were identified from individuals in all areas (displaced areas). These comprised the following Giardia lamblia (12.3%), H. nana (4.9%), E. histolytica (0.4%) and T. trichiura (0.2%) ' Out of 450 stool samples collected from children in urban area (Waw—nour) inside Kassala town 45 were found to harbour cysts trophozoites or eggs of pathogenic parasites. This constituted on overall prevalence (10%), two species of pathogenic parasites were identified from individuals in Waw—nour (urban area). These comprised the following: G. lamblia (08%) and H. nana (02%). The factors responsible for the spread of diseases include the low standard hygiene and environmental conditions and the lack of proper disease control measures. Also a comparison between two mentioned techniques was done on all specimens: displaced children specimens and urban children specimens.