PHD theses : Arts
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Item Cross- Cultural Pragmatic Study of Using Hedges in the Performance of Speakers of English and Arabic(Al-Neelain University, 2019) Saif Habeeb Hasan Habeeb Al-BaziUsing hedging strategies is one of the most frequently occurring in communicative acts in most human languages / cultures. These hedging strategies have pragmatic functions that are crucial in establishing and maintaining social bonds. Hedging strategies have the effect of enhancing positive rapport between interlocutors in any communicative interaction. In addition, they are a language function that has important social value. There is a difficulty of knowing when and how to use hedging strategies and how to get on smoothly with others. Despite of its importance and the high frequency of their use in daily interactions, interlocutors commit mistakes in using this strategy. The focus of this study is on investigating the using and perception of the hedging expressions in the political interviews (American English and Iraqi Arabic speakers), and investigating whether these two groups employ similar or different patterns in performing and perceiving hedges under investigation. In addition to exploring the distribution and the frequency of occurrence of hedging strategies in different cultures within the concept of gender. The main hypothesis of this study is that hedging strategies have a firm relation within concept of culture and gender. In this study, it is concluded that there is Quadruple relation among hedging strategies, gender, culture, and politeness is presented in the political interviews. Hedging strategies have a firm relation in respect to context , topic, gender, and culture of the participants.Item Cross- Cultural Pragmatic Study of Using Hedges in the Performance of Speakers of English and Arabic(Neelain University, 2019-09) Saif Habeeb Hasan Habeeb Al-BaziABSTRACT Using hedging strategies is one of the most frequently occurring in communicative acts in most human languages / cultures. These hedging strategies have pragmatic functions that are crucial in establishing and maintaining social bonds. Hedging strategies have the effect of enhancing positive rapport between interlocutors in any communicative interaction. In addition, they are a language function that has important social value. There is a difficulty of knowing when and how to use hedging strategies and how to get on smoothly with others. Despite of its importance and the high frequency of their use in daily interactions, interlocutors commit mistakes in using this strategy. The focus of this study is on investigating the using and perception of the hedging expressions in the political interviews (American English and Iraqi Arabic speakers), and investigating whether these two groups employ similar or different patterns in performing and perceiving hedges under investigation. In addition to exploring the distribution and the frequency of occurrence of hedging strategies in different cultures within the concept of gender. The main hypothesis of this study is that hedging strategies have a firm relation within concept of culture and gender. In this study, it is concluded that there is Quadruple relation among hedging strategies, gender, culture, and politeness is presented in the political interviews. Hedging strategies have a firm relation in respect to context , topic, gender, and culture of the participants. المستخلص تعد اساليب التحوط واحدة من اكثر الظواهر استخداما في عملية التواصل في معظم اللغات وفي مختلف الثقافات. وهنالك معاني دلالية لاستخدام اساليب التحوط. اذ تستخدم هذه الاساليب لتحقيق اهداف دلالية اساسية في اقامة وتعزيز الروابط الاجتماعية بين المتحدثين. ان لأساليب التحوط الاثر الايجابي البالغ في تعزيز الروابط بين المتحدثين في مختلف انواع عمليات التواصل. وبالإضافة على كونها وظيفة لغوية، فان لها ايضا اهمية اجتماعية كبيرة. وتبرز الاشارة الى ان هنالك صعوبات لمعرفة متى وكيف يتم استخدام اساليب التحوط وعن كيفية جعل عملية التواصل سهلة يسرة. فان المتحدثين يرتكبون اخطاء في طريفة استخدام اساليب التحوط على الرغم من اهميتها وكثرة استعمالها في المحادثات اليومية. وتتركز هذه الدراسة على دراسة استخدام وفهم عبارات التحوط في المقابلات السياسية ( للمتحدثين الامريكيين والعراقيين) ودراسة ما اذا كان المجتمعان يتبعون نفس الاساليب او غيرها. اضافة الى معرفة تكرار وتوزيع هذه الاساليب في المقابلات السياسية وفقا لمفهوم الثقافة والجنس. اذا ان الفرضية الاساسية في هذه الدراسة تتلخص في ان اساليب التحوط لها علاقة وثيقة بجنس المتحدث والمجتمع الثقافي. وان من اهم الاستنتاجات لهذه الدراسة ان هنالك علاقة رباعية وثيقة مابين اساليب التحوط والجنس والثقافة والاسلوب المؤدب في المقابلات السياسية. وان اساليب التحوط لها علاقة وثيقة مع السياق وموضوع الحديث من جانب والجنس والثقافة من جانب آخر.