Assessment of oh vitamin D partthroid hormone and lipid profile in obese suddanes subject with methbolic syndrome

Abstract

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome has become a serious health problem in most developed countries. The World Health Organization estimated that in 2008 the global prevalence of overweight and obesity was around 1 billion and 500 million adults, respectively. Obesity is also well known to be associated with an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency is also an important worldwide public health problem. Although the most-studied and best-known function of vitamin D, together with parathyroid hormone, is related to bone metabolism, many studies showed evidence of the relationship between obesity and low levels of 25-OH vitamin D (the best indicator of clinical levels of vitamin D). Low concentrations of plasma vitamin D and elevated of parathyroid have been associated with the development of metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes and heart disease. The objective of this study is to quantify the associations between 25-OH vitamin D and parathyroid hormone plasma levels and lipid profile in obesity, the presence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease in 60 samples of individuals with different degrees of adiposity according BMI. lt has been proposed that low 25-OH vitamin D levels in obesity were accounted for decreased hormonal bioavailability because of sequestration of 25-OH vitamin D in body fat because the adipose tissue may be a direct target of vitamin D. In this context, Parathyroid hormone levels elevation has been viewed as a compensatory mechanism for the low 25- OH vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency has been related to the pathogenesis of many disease like insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. A controversial association has been reported between low levels of plasma 25-OH vitamin D and/or elevated Parathyroid hormone and the presence of metabolic syndrome and its individual components. This study note that decreased levels of 25-OH vitamin D and increase levels of Parathyroid hormone are associated to a higher risk of Metabolic Syndrome after adjusting for various potential confounding factors. Methods This is a case control cross sectional study conducted in obesity clinics in Sudan (Khartoum state) between 2Ol2 and 2014. The concentrations of Parathyroid hormone, 25-Oll vitamin D, Glucose, Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, Triglyceride and weight status had been determined in 60 obese" case group" compared with 40 non-obese" control group" from both gender. Six ml of venous blood samples were collected from each individual, 2ml placed in EDTA container, 2 ml in sodium fluoride and 2 ml placed in lithium heparin to obtain plasma. Fasting blood glucose, fasting blood lipids, parathyroid hormone, and 25-OH vitamin D were performed. Plasma 25-OH vitamin D was measured by Elisa (ng/mol), plasma Parathyroid hormone was measured by Electrochemiluminescence using hormones analyzer (Cobas e4ll - Germany) pg/ml, and lipid profile, glucose were measured using Spectrophotometer method mg/dl (Accent 200). An appropriate descriptive and analytical procedure was followed using Statistical Package for Social Science Program (SPSS). Results Parathyroid hormone, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL were increased but 25- OH vitamin D and HDL were decreased with increasing obesity. The prevalence of 25-OH vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency increased with obesity (<26% when BMI>35kg/m2, and 33% when >40). The levels of Parathyroid hormone increased (Md:SD = 70.9:t27.3 pg/ml) in obese individuals compared with the non-obese group (Md:SD = 48.6:t:l9.1 pg/ml, P = 0.021), but 25-OH vitamin D levels were low in obese group (M:tSD : 2l.9il3.3 ng/mol) compared with the control group non- obese (MiSD = 43.8il5.9 ng/mol, P.value = 0.000). In addition the measured values of 25-OH vitamin D were lower (MiSD = 2O.4il3.7 ng/mol) in obese subjects with diabetic, compared to obese without diabetic (MiSD = 35.1il2.8 ng/mol) P. value = 0.010, Parathyroid hormone