Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism (ACE) (rs4646994) and Non-genetic Factors with Ovarian Cancer in Sudanese Patients

Abstract

Abstract Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the serious gynecological cancer that distributed aro und the world; and commonly diagnosed at late stage due to the lack of symptoms. ACE I/D polymorphism was reported to mark as fiinctional mutation in accelerating cell proliferation of difierent type cell of ovary; which increase susceptibility to ovarian cancer. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the association of ACE I/D polymorphism wit- h ovarian cancer in Sudanese patients. Methods: A cross sectional study was included 60 participants (30 cases and 30 healthy age matched control). 60 Blood samples and demographic data were collected afier taking verb- al consent. Statistical analysis (SPS S) v21 was performed to analyze the genotypic and demographic data. Results: Statistical analysis of demographic data showed that women with age (55-65) years represent (36.6%) which are highly affected with OC. Afioasiatic ethnic group is the most af fected with OC (56.7%). Family history play a role in causing OVCA with fiequency (20%) Factors like ovarian cyst, irregular menstrual cycle and endometriosis represent high risk of progression of OC with frequency (36.7%),(l3.3%)and (23.3%) respectively. Histopatholo- gical data showed that common group of female had Adeno-carcinoma (33.3%) and high gr- ade serous carcinoma (30%). Commonly patients diagnosed in late stages such as stage 3 (56.7%). In fact, patients account to occur recurrence of tumor (33.3%). ACE (rs4646994) genotype that observed in case group are homozygous wild type DD (26.7%), heterozygous mutant I/D (53.3%) and homozygous mutant II (20%); while control group genotype homo- zygous wild type DD, heterozygous mutant I/D and homozygous mutant II represent (56.6 %),(36.7%) and (6.7%) respectively. Conclusion: this study found that there are significant association between ACE I/D polymorphism and causing of ovarian cancer.