Association of Platelet Glycoprotein IIIa Gene Polymorphisms with Myocardial Infarction among Sudanese Patients

Abstract

Abstract Background: ' The platelet glycoprotein IIb/IHa receptor plays an important role in platelet aggregation. The [Ha polypeptide is polymorphic due to a single base change at position 1565 resulting in either proline PI M or leucine Pl AZ at position 33 in the protein. Platelet activation plays a pivotal role for the initiation of acute coronary syndromes. Platelet indices are potentially useful markers for the early diagnosis of thromboembolic diseases. It has recently been reported that the Pl“ variant may strongly associated with the risk of acute coronary syndromes. Objective: this study aimed to investigate platelet glycoprotein IHa gene polymorphisms and platelet indices with myocardial infarction among Sudanese patients. 221 Methods: The genomic DNA was extracted by salt out method. The platelet glycoprotein IIIa gene polymorphisms were determined by using RFLP-PCR technique and platelet indices analyzed by using Sysmex KX-21N. Results: A total of 200 participants were enrolled in this study; 100 patients with confirmed diagnosis of MI, and 100 apparently healthy individuals as a control group. 74 (74%) of patients were males and 26 (26%) were females, their age ranged from 25 to 90 years (Mean=kSD: 62:\: 13.3). Of the control group, 46 (46%) were males and 54 (54%) were females, their age ranged from 25 to 86 years ('MeaniSD: 56.4 il5.3).The GP IIIa genotypes showed statistically significant association (P.value <0.05) with myocardial infarction. In patients group, the most frequency of GPIIIA genotypes was Le/Le (44%) followed by Le/Pro (41%) and Pro/Pro (15%) consequently. While for the control group, the most frequent GPIIIA genotype was Le/Le (80%) followed by both Le/Pro (10%) and Pro/Pro (10%). The presence of Le/Le genotype and Le/Pro genotype significantly increases the risk of MI (OR=5.09; 95% CI: 2.71-9.55) and (OR=2.03; 95% CI: l.59-2.58) respectively. MPV, PDW and P-LCR were significantly increased in patients with MI compared to healthy controls. Moreover, the mean of MPV, PDW and P-LCR were not significantly different when compared among different genotypes. Conclusions: We concluded that, in our subjects, the Le/Le, Le/Pro genotypes of platelet glycoprotein Illa is an important risk factors for developing MI. Furthermore, the platelet indices were increasing in patient with MI compared to normal control. 222