Identification of Carcino Embryonic Antigen in Esophageal Carcinoma by Immunohistochemical technique among Sudanese Patients

Abstract

This is hospital based analytical retrospective study conducted at Omdurman Teaching Hospital and AlNeelain University college of medical laboratory science. The study aimed to investigate the expression of Carcino Embrionic Antigen in malignant esophageal lesion, using immunohistochemistry technique. Fifty (50) paraffin blocks were collected from patients previously diagnosed with esophageal cancer. The paraffin block was cut by rotary microtome, and then stained by immunohistochemistry technique (dextran polymer conjugated secondary – HRP). The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS program version 21(Frequencies, mean) were calculated. The age of patients ranged between (30 – 85) years with mean age of 62 years. The study revealed that most patients were 32(64%)were more than 60 years and the other 18(36%) were less than 60years. 7(14%) samples Aden carcinoma and 43 (86%) samples squamous cell carcinoma. The grade of Adenocarcinoma showed well differentiated in 2(28.6%) samples, moderate differentiate in 2(28.6%) samples, poorly differentiated in 3(42.8%), and squamous cell carcinoma showed well differentiated 28(65.1%) samples, V moderate differentiated in 11(25.6%) samples, poorly differentiated in4(9.3%) samples Positive Expression of CEA was found in 27 (54%) while negative Expression was found in 23 (46%). This result showed non-significant association of CEA Expression and esophageal tumors. From this study we concluded that the positive expression of CEA is not associated with Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and their grade