ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFERENT FLORAL ORIGIN HONEY

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the chemical characterization and antimicrobial activity of different floral origin honey samples against a wide range of bacterial strains , and to verify the nature of the active substance (s) . Methodology: Thirty —two different honey samples collected from different countries (raw and commercial honey) were tested in vitro for antibacterial activity of standard and clinical isolates using cup plate diffusion technique . The same clinical isolates were tested in vii-ro for some antibiotics sensitivity. Different honey concentrations, ethyl acetate extracts and water residue were assessed in vitro for antibacterial activity . Topical dressing of cutaneous leishmaniasis of 25 hamsters with natural honey was compared with other 25 group treated by Pentostam injection. Extraction of honey was carried out by petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The extracts were subjected to thin layer chromatography Ethyl acetate extracts were analyzed by I-IPLC and GC-MS for chemical Characterization to fingerprint honey samples according to their floral origin.

Results: All bacterial strains exhibited marked sensitivity to honey samples, even the most resistant bacterial strains to the commonly used antibiotics —MRSA and Pseudomonas spp. The clinical isolates showed remarkable resistance to the most antibiotics tested. Different honey concentrations inhibited bacterial growth even at low dilution 10%. Ethyl acetate extracts exhibited strong antibacterial activity while it is water residue showed no activity. Honey was found to be an effective treatment for the cutaneous leishmaniasis induced in hamsters as compared with control group which was treated by Pentostam injection. TLC of honey extracst resulted in different terpenoids and phenolic compounds. Analysis of honey samples by using HPLC and GC-MS revealed different phenolic compounds correlated with their botanical and geographical origin . Different honey samples showed different compounds according to their floral origin. Natural and commercial honeys samples exhibited potent antibacterial. Conclusion: The findings of the current study suggests that honey would be beneficial to control resistant bacterial strains without side effects. The active fractions (antibacterial of honey )may be avaluable source of future therapeutic. Effectiveness of honey dressing in treatment of leishmanial ulcers gives a promising trend in controlling such cases. GC-MS profile reflect the floral source , and forms abasis of an attempt to fingerprint honey samples. Much of the effectiveness of honey as antibacterial activity was attributed to phenolics flavonoids, some of the volatile compounds , hydrogen peroxide normally present in honey due to the effect of some enzyme, the natural concentration and hygroscopic nature of honey, plus the cidic pH of honey. Honey can be used asanatural product without side effects.