Antimicrobial Activity of Lepidium Sativum against multi drug resistant and sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in Khartoum State, Sudan

Abstract

Abstract Background: A number of plant species, including L. sativum, are traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases. L. sativum is currently traded in Sudan markets and thought to have medicinal value. Isolates fi'om many part of the world is now multidrug resistant. Therefore, there is an urgent need to look for and test an alternative herbal drug for this reason. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of L. Sativum seed extract against multi drug resistant (MDR) and sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates obtained from Fedail Hospital, Khartoum State during the period fiom February 2021 to August 2021 Methods: An ethanolic and aqueous stock extract 100 mg/ml was prepared fiom L. sarfvum seed plant then serial dilutions were prepared and the obtained concentrations (50, 25, 12.5 and 6.2 mg/ml) were tested against 30 multidrug-resistant and 35 sensitive clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using wells diffusion method Results: It was found that L. sativum seed extracts had antimicrobial activity against MDR and sensitive isolates at different concentrations of 100 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml according to the mean :4: SD (standard deviation) of the maximum zones of inhibition. The total number of isolates that were sensitive to both extracts were 49/130 (37%). 17/60 (28.3%) MDR and 32/70 (45.7%) sensitive isolates were sensitive to both extract. The aqueous extract exhibited more inhibitory effect than ethanolic extract against the examined isolates. 43 (66%) vs. 6 (9%) among the total examined isolates (n=65). It was found there were insignificant statistical differences between the action of antimicrobial activity of L. sativum and the examined isolates according to studied variables (age group, gender, hospital stay and type of specimen) Conclusion: The study showed effective efficacy of L. sativum seed extract as an antibacterial especially aqueous extract against susceptible and MDR isolates that were resistant to nine commonly used antibiotics, making this plant an altemative source for antibacterial treatments for infectious diseases caused by these strains.