Molecular Detection of Quinolone Resistance S Gene among Selected Enterobacteriaceae Clinical Isolates In Khartoum State

Abstract

Abstract Background: Multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae including resistance to quinolone is dramatically increasing day by day. Widespread use of quinolone against Enterobacteriaceae has contributed to the rise of drug resistance Recently. a multi-resistance plasmid is discovered that encodes transferable resistance to quinolone. Plasmids have a crucial role in the dissemination of drug resistance genes like plasmid mediated quinolone resistant (PMQR) genes, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes. Objective: To detect the prevalence of quinolone resistance genes (qnr S) and its association with extended-spectrum β-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae. Methods: The current cross-sectional study conducted from September 2022 to February 2023 at Khartoum Hospitals. A total of 100 Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from different clinical specimens of several hospitals in Khartoum State.Isolates were re-identified using Gram stain and conventional biochemical tests.Antimicrobial sensitivity testing to several antimicrobials was performed usingKirby-Bauer method. Screening of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae were conducted by using double disk synergy test. The qnrS gene was detected using conventional PCR . Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.00 by Chi square test to check the statistical significance.. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered as evidence of a significant statistical difference Results: Antibiotic susceptibility results showed highest variation. The resistance rates were 70%against Nalidixic, 41% againstCiprofloxacin, 69% againsAmoxaclav, 30% against Meropenem, 20% against gentamicin, 37% against Chloramphenicol and 86% against Ceftazidim. ESBL was detected in 11 of the 100 Enterobacteriacea isolate by usibg double disk synergy test. The qnr genes were detected in 29 (29%) of the 100 Enterobacteriaceae isolates by using PCR. In the present study, 1 ESBL producers were identified among 29 qnr positive strains. Conclusion: The qnr S gene were detected in high prevalent in Enterobacteriaceae. They were no associated with Extendedspectrum β-lactamase genes.