كلية الدراسات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية
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Item أثر العولمة الاقتصادية على التنمية البشرية في السودان في الفترة من (2010-2019م)(جامعة النيلين, 2021) فردوس عبد الوهاب عبد الله أحمدالمستخلص هدفت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على أهمية العولمة وأثرها على الاقتصاد السوداني ، حيث أن العولمة تعد عملية دمج أسواق الدول المختلفة في سوق عالمية واحدة في جميع المجالات التجارية والمالية والسياسية والثقافية والاعلام والتقانة وغيرها ، وقد هدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف على العولمة الاقتصادية والتنمية البشرية ودراسة اثر العولمة الاقتصادية على التنمية البشرية في السودان ، وقد كانت أهم النتائج ان التنمية البشرية تركز علي جانبين الاول يهتم ببناء القدرات البشرية وذلك بتحسين مستويات التعليم والصحة ، والجانب الاخرهو الانتفاع بهذه القدرات المكتسبة بهدف تحقيق تطورات في جميع المجالات ، ويلعب كل من التعليم والصحة وزيادة الدخل دوراً كبيراً في قياس مؤشرات التنمية البشرية ، فالاهتمام في المجالات الثلاثة يعود بمردودية عالية علي النمو الاقتصادي في الدولة، والتنمية البشرية تعتمد علي ثلاثة ابعاد رئيسية في قياسها ، الحياة الصحية المديدة والتي تقاس بعدل المواليد والوفيات ، المعرفة والتي تقاس بمعدل القراءة والكتابة ، مستوي معيشي لائق لكل الناس ويقاس من دخل الفرد من الناتج المحلي الاجمالي ، وان التدريب وترقية المهارات مع التركيز العملي والفعلي والتطبيقي الاستقلال الامثل لمراكز التدريب المهنية والحرفية يزيد من التنمية البشرية في الشعوب ، وقد كانت أهم التوصيات ان التنمية البشرية تتحقق بالنتائج التي تتحقق من مجالات الصحة والتعليم وبهذا ان للتعليم والصحة دوراً كبيراً في تحقيق مستويات عليا في التنمية البشرية، ان التعليم والصحة للجميع وذلك باتاحة فرصة التعليم والصحة في كل ولايات السودان حتي يعود ذلك بنتائج ايجابية للافراد والمجتمع ككل، ورعاية الشباب واعلاء القيم الوطنية وغرس القيم الرياضية في الجميع حتي نتمكن من توفير مستوي صحي ممتاز يزيد من همم الشباب السوداني وتحقيق مستويات عالية في جميع مجالات الحياة ورفع راية السودان عاليا، الاهتمام بالصحة والتعليم لانهما اساس التنمية البشرية وتمويلهما من الدولية ووضعهما في اولويات الدولة حتي الاستفادة منها في تحقيق نتائج في جميع المجالات. Abstract This study aimed to identify the importance of globalization and its impact on the Sudanese economy, as globalization is the process of integrating the markets of different countries into one global market in all fields of trade, financial, political, cultural, media, technology and others, and this study aimed to identify economic globalization and human development and study the impact of economic globalization On human development in Sudan, and the most important results were that human development focuses on two aspects. The first is concerned with building human capacities by improving levels of education and health And the other side is to benefit from these acquired capabilities with the aim of achieving developments in all fields. Education, health and income increase play a major role in measuring human development indicators. Interest in the three areas is highly profitable on economic growth in the country, and human development depends on three main dimensions in Measuring it, a long healthy life, which is measured by the fairness of births and deaths, knowledge, which is measured by the rate of reading and writing, a decent standard of living for all people and measured by the per capita income of the gross domestic product, and training and upgrading skills with a practical, actual and applied focus, the optimum independence of professional and craft training centers increases development mankind in peoples, The most important recommendations were that human development is achieved through the results achieved from the fields of health and education, and thus that education and health play a major role in achieving high levels of human development, and that education and health are for all by providing the opportunity for education and health in all states of Sudan until this returns with positive results for individuals and society as a whole. Taking care of youth, upholding national values and instilling sports values in everyone so that we can provide an excellent level of health that increases the interest of the Sudanese youth and achieve high levels in all areas of life and raise the flag of Sudan high. Paying attention to health and education because they are the basis of human development and financing them from the international community and placing them in the state’s priorities until Take advantage of them to achieve results in all areas.Item المصارف السودانية وتحديات العولمة الاقتصادية(جامعة النيلين, 2008) الصديق يوسف محمد موسىABSTRACT This study investigates the impacts of globalization economic challenges on Sudanese banks. It is an analytic and applied study that displays the Sudanese banks attitudes towards globalization challenges according to Bal, reports (1) + (2). The study takes Altadamun Islamic Bank Experiment as a sample represents Sudanese banks. It also investigates the Banking integration in Sudan wish focus on the adaptation of Sudanese Banks to meet the modem technological inventions such Electronic Banking and Electronic Banking Card. The study aims to find out the economic impacts of Bal reports (1), (2). On the Sudanese Banks, the development and establishment of Electronic Banking, the acceptance and refusal for the Electronic Banking, and evaluation of Banking Integration experiment in Sudan. The problem of this study is summarized in the Impacts of Bal Committee reports agreement (1) and (2) on the Sudanese Banks and the process of Banking Integration which was a source of disagreement among those who are responsible about the Banking Bureau. Accordingly this disagreement might lead to deficiency in Banking performance. In Chapter One, the first section defines the concept of Globalization and its characteristics, the word "Bank" semantically and as economic terminology. This section also identifies the supervisory role of the Central Bank of Sudan and the points of weakness in Sudanese Banking Bureau, and the theme of Banking electronic enterprises and their characteristics and the. expected danger from its application, and cheating crimes. In the second part of Chapter One, the researcher studies the concepts of electronic banking and its development, the rejection and acceptance options and the anticipated risks in its application. he third section investigates the globalization phenomena and the modem technological uses that have saved a lot of money and efforts and increase the incomes and improves the Banking perfomiance. For instance the Banking Card which highlighted in order to be defined and to mention the legislative opinion for its use, its establishment, its development and its types and characteristics. The researcher exemplify with the Electronic Banking service company in order to focus on the experiment of the smart Shamikh card in Sudan and its goals, schemes, service and benefits. ' In the second Chapter ( Sudanese Banks and the effects of economic globalization), the first section discusses the Sudanese Banks and he challenges Bazil Committee (l + 2). This section discusses these challenges on the level of Banking solvency, the capital adequacy, the Sudanese Banks attitude towards Bal Committee standards for capital adequacy, the concept of Bal directives (l+2) and their challenges for the lower level of capital requirements. In addition, this section identifies the credit and operational risks and the attitudes of Sudanese Banks to fulfill Bal challenges (Altadamun Bank was taken as example). The second section investigates the impacts and challenges of globalization such as Banking. Integration, the concept of the strategies, disciplines and procedures of integration, and the evaluation of Banking Integration in Sudan ( Khartoum, Blue Nile and Almashriq Banks are taken as general examples) and the integration of Muzara's and the Commercial Banks are taken as example in particular. The third section discusses the phenomenon of money laundering, its concept, its characteristics, and the legal framework and Islamic opinion for fighting it ( the money laundering law for the year 2003). n the third chapter ( The analysis of globalization economic challenges on Sudanese Banks). The first section of this chapter studies the degree of fulfillment of Sudanese Banks to Bal Committee (Tadamun Bank as example). This carried out through the analysis of Sudanese Banks Bureau performance till the end of the year 2003. In addition t that an analysis to the united Balance of the Sudanese Banks was done according to Bal standards. The second section describes the analysis and the evaluation of Banking Integration Experiment for the (Agricultural and Commercial Banks). These analysis and evaluation were done by a questionnaire that analyzed statistically, the study concluded a lot of results and recommendations, for example it urges on’ the necessity for the implementation of the Sudanese Banks modemization policy which is adopted by the Central Bank of Sudan as a response to Bal Committee reports ( 1 and 2) and following the policy of Banks Integration which was adopted by many Banks in Sudan.Item افاق التكامل الاقتصادي العربي في ظل العولمة الاقتصادية(جامعة النيلين, 2006) مصطفي عوض مصطفي عثمانabstract This study comprised many aspects related to the Arab economic environment as it contained detailed information about the areas where the natural resources are abimdant. Due to the overwhelming changes that took place worldwide which »;- resulted in many threats that greatly endangered the Arab countries 8: the future requirements & alteration in the economic polices became inevitable to coincide with the above-mentioned changes. Hence, detailed information pertaining to the natural resources in the Arab economic environment, agricultural potentials i.e. vast arable fertile land, potentials of livestock ,fisheries are clearly illustrated in the study focusing on the percentages of utilization of each aspect respectively. . Then the study highlighted the aspects of the mineral industry in the Arab countries with special emphasis on oil exploitation as an abundant element in the Arab region. The study then shifted to the element of population & manpower as an important economic factor because it concentrates on Human aspect which resembles the fundamental basis for development. As far as technology 8: services are concerned, the study also I 7 highlighted the quantities available in the Arab area, including the sector’ of tourism. The patterns & volume of trade between the Arab countries along with the volume of investment are also discussed. The study also focused on the idea of the Arab common market since the establishment of the Arab league and the various accords concluded in this respect e.g. the establishment of the Arab.economic unity & its great efforts within the framework of the common Arab work, beside the roles played by the Arab league for the support of the Arab development funds. A special emphasis in the study was dedicated for the establishment of the Arab free trade area through a historical review of its programmers as an essential objectives step preceding the foundation of the Arab common market its definition ‘function and obstacles hindering it. Due to the fact that the Arab common market is regarded as an " P interregional economic gathering, the need arises to review the various p economic gatherings worldwide as remarkable characteristic of this area,‘its types and rules on which it was founded. A successful example