كلية الدراسات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية
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Item دور التمويل الزراعي في التنمية الاقتصادية في السودان دراسة حالة ولاية الخرطوم (1995 – 2017م)(جامعة النيلين, 2019) سامي إدريس علي حميديالمستخلص تعتبر قضية التمويل الزراعي من القضايا التي شكلت عبئا كثير على قطاع المزارعين في السودان بصفة عامة وفى ولاية الخرطوم بصفة خاصة، تتمثل مشكلة البحث في عدة تساؤلات: هل التمويل الزراعي يحقق التنمية الاقتصادية؟، هل تطوير القطاع الزراعي وتمويله في كل المراحل يزيد الإنتاج؟. كذلك تمثلت أهمية البحث في أن القطاع الزراعي من أهم القطاعات الاقتصادية المحركة للتنمية الاقتصادية وأهمية القطاع الزراعي في توفير الأمن الغذائي والمواد الخام للصناعة. وهدف البحث إلى تناول قضية التمويل الزراعي بولاية الخرطوم كركيزة للتنمية الاقتصادية وتنمية القطاع الزراعي افترض البحث الآتي: توفير تمويل للقطاع الزراعي يحقق التنمية الاقتصادية في ولاية الخرطوم، التمويل الزراعي يزيد الإنتاج الزراعي ويحافظ على البيئة من التلوث، رفع كفاءة التمويل الزراعي يساهم في تطوير القطاع الصناعي. اتبع البحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي خرجت الدراسة بعدة نتائج منها: غياب التمويل الزراعي في بعض مراحل الإنتاج الزراعي وبيروقراطية إجراءاته قد لا تناسب القطاع الزراعي، اعتماد القطاع الزراعي على مدخلات إنتاج خارجية ووجود معوقات للاستيراد انخفاض قيمة العملة. وعلى ضوء النتائج أوصت الدراسة بالآتي: تقوية الحزم التمويلية وتسهيل إجراءاتها في كل مراحل الإنتاج.إعادة وهيكلة سياسات القطاع الزراعي ووقف التعدي على الأراضي الزراعية. Abstract The issue of agricultural finance is one of the issues that have placed a heavy burden on the farmers sector in Sudan in general and in Khartoum State in particular. The research problem is represented in several questions: Does agricultural finance achieve economic development? The importance of the research was that the agricultural sector is one of the most important economic sectors driving economic development and the importance of the agricultural sector in providing food security and raw materials for industry. The research aims to address the issue of agricultural finance in the state of Khartoum as a pillar of economic development and development of the agricultural sector assumed the following: Providing financing for the agricultural sector achieves economic development in the state of Khartoum . The research followed the descriptive analytical method The study came out with several results, including: the absence of agricultural finance in some stages of agricultural production and bureaucratic procedures may not suit the agricultural sector, the dependence of the agricultural sector on external inputs of production and the existence of impediments to import depreciation of the currency. In light of the results, the study recommended. Strengthening the financing packages and facilitating their procedures at all stages of production. - Restructuring and restructuring the agricultural sector policies and stopping the encroachment on agricultural lands.Item تحليل قياسي لكفاءة إستخدام التمويل الزراعي وأثره على الإقتصاد القومي السوداني(جامعة النيلين, 2006) سعد عبدالله سيد أحمد الكرامAbstract The thesis is primarily concerned with the impacts of financing on the agricultural sector of the Sudan in regard with the fact that this sector is a major and, crucial for economic activities in the country. The sector provides jobs for more than 70% of the population and raw materials for domestic industries. However, the thesis argues that the financing problems should not be insulated from the contemporary domestic and international political and socioeconomic conditions. Two major aspects are cardinal in this analysis: (1) the macroeconomic conditions and restructuring programs‘ as combined with the major targets of ~the agricultural policies, development efforts and investments in sub sectors and (2) analysis, interpretations and assessment of the present financing's paradigms in order to coalesce cultivated areas, value of the productivity, product, and the other production factors on the demand for finance. Moreover, it is also important to correlate input-output relationships to approximate possibilities for horizontal and vertical expansions. All this comes under the present administrative, technical impediments, organizational structural and the weaknesses of the financial systems in the Sudan. The Sheil system still prevails and extracts most surpluses of the famler's income who may even be unable to cover basic cost. In addition, taxation sequesters the leftovers and contributes more to sufferings. That is reflected on all the agricultural sub sectors, e.g., irrigated, rainfed and traditional. In order to verify such hypotheses the analysis too field samples from all those sub sectors and first conducted descriptive analysis that was followed a quantitative_ one. The data were obtained through extensive questionnaires for selected areas presumed to represent the Sudanese agricultural sector. An econometric approach based on linear model was built to contain all crucial variables and was tested by using ordinary least squares where agricultural finance represented the dependant variable. The estimated regression equation revealed that the most important is cultivated area whereas increasing it increases demand for finance by 2357 Dinars. The other tested factors, agricultural product, revenue where 1.201 and 0.858, respectively. From the questionnaires data it was concluded that are three major sources for financing; (1) self-finance (84%), (2) the formal sectors and Banks (12%) and (3) the informal sector (4%). The thesis however, expressively proves that despite of the other problems of agriculture such as irregular irrigation in irrigated farming, the continuing increases cost of agricultural inputsand decreased productivity, the scarcity of formal financing is the main determinant factor. Its impacts are reflected in all the agricultural parameters, e.g., cultivated area, operations and productivity. The recommendations detailed in the thesis are centered on an amelioration ofthe formal agricultural financing and a rehabilitation of the of loans systems. Moreover. a reformation of the present and overwhelming short-termed loans approach to expansions of the medi__t_nn and long term loans which should be guaranteed by stronger collaterals such as land that has a strong background of deeds granted by the state ln addition, a reconsideration of the present interest rates is necessitated and should be built on a wide-based research with primary perceptions ol‘ reviving the agricultural sector.Item التمويل الزراعي واقتصاديات القطن(alneelain, 2002) احمد علي الهميم احمد علوبةAgricullUral Finance and Colton Economics A case Study of AIRahad AgricullUal Scheme 1911-2001 This research discusses the problems of agricultural finance in light ofthe applied policies in the past and the current situation. It presents in a specific way the description and analysis of fmancial policies and their effect on cotton economics in AlO Rahahd Agricultural Scheme. The research is divided into three chapters. Chapter one about the literature of agricultural finance in regard its concept, types and forms of finance. Chapter two deals with the types of financial policies and agricultural policies. Chapter three regard of analyses the financial policies in relation to their effect on production and costs. The research depends on both primary and secondary sources of data in addition to related references, papers and interviews with managers and farmers representatives and production committees and two questionnaires. The research concluded with important results that point to some of the problems that face the scheme which is related to providing finance at appropriate time. The research confirms that when the farmers are finance completely, i.e., before economic liberalization, their productivity and their returns were, high, but deteriorate, after economic liberalization due to partial fmance during the period of banks portfolio.Item التمويل الزراعي واقتصاديات القطن : دراسة حالة مشروع الرهد الزراعي (1977م - 2001م)(جامعة النيلين, 2002) احمد علي الهميم احمد علوبةAbstract Agricultural Finance and liottun Economics It case Stud! of Al- Rahad Agricultual Scheme1977-2001 This research discusses the problems of agricultural finance in light of the applied policies in the past and the current situation. It presents in a specific way the description and analysis of financial policies and their effect on cotton economics in Al0 Rahahd Agricultural Scheme. The research is divided into three chapters. Chapter one about the literature of agricultural finance in regard its concept, types and forms of finance. Chapter two deals with the types of financial policies and agricultural policies. Chapter three regard of analyses the financial policies in relation to their effect on production and costs. The research depends on both primary and secondary sources of data in addition to related references, papers and interviews with managers and farmers representatives and production committees and two questionnaires. The research concluded with important results that point to some of the problems that face the scheme which is related to providing finance at appropriate time. The research confirms that when the farmers are finance completely, i.e., before economic liberalization, their productivity and their returns were, high, but deteriorate, after economic liberalization due to partial finance during the period of banks portfolio.Item اثر الضمانت المصرفية علي التمويل الزراعي للجمعيات التعاونية في الفترة من 1987 -2000م : دراسة حالة البنك الزراعي السوداني(جامعة النيلين, 2004) ادريس شنقراي محمد ادريسAbstract The Agricultural Bank of Sudan is considered as the backbone of rural development as it promotes the agricultural sector. At the same time co-operative societies play an important role in human beings life. There is no doubt that banking guarantees are the most important factors that make the banking system successful because there is no other source to save and maintain money. The importance of this subject encouraged the researcher to pay attention to this topic. This research focuses on the study and evaluation of banking guarantees experienced by diverting co-operative societies in order to know the obstacles, which restiict the co-operative vital role. Also, it restricts finance of these co-operative societies in order to achieve the desired goals. The researcher has come out with the following assumptions: — ' 1- Banking guarantees are the main reasons that make banking and financial institutions neglect agricultural co-operative societies. 2- Banking guarantees obstacle develop finance and affect the banking system The weakness of guarantees leads to finance being invariable and hence this will have negative effects on the resources, a situation which negatively affects the agricultural finance to co-operative societies. _ The researcher has used the comprehensive system and the statistical method in the normative approach, as well as the historical deductive and comparative approach. This research concentrates on the importance and the concept of banking finance as well as banking guarantees. Also, it focuses on the purpose of evaluation and exploring the co-operative systems in terms of definition as well as economic and social impotence. Besides, it looks into the development and evaluation of cc-operative societies relating to the Agricultural Bank of Sudan. The researcher has come to the following main points, as conclusions: l- Banking guarantees obstacles development of finance. 2- It leads to a shortage in the capital of co-operative societies. The researcher recommends the following: - l-Sufficient fmance should be available for the co-operative societies 2.A fund should be allotted for agricultural co-operative societies. 3.Co-operative market crops should be created by Agricultural bank of Sudan in order to facilitate marketing, and to make the means of production available.