Electronic Thesis and Dissertation
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Item Recovry of Ammonia As Slruviie From Sour watre(Alneelain University, 2-05) Hu'sam Eldeen Mustafa A. AlwahabAbstract This work is an addition j_and modification to the treatment unit of the sour water at Khartoum Refinery Plant. ln the treatment unit H28 is withdrawn and burned while the ammonia is discharged on the surrounding area causing environmental damage. This thesis includes the preliminary experiments of struvite formation (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) and the optimum condition such as concentration, pH and reaction time. The proposed unit is designed for production of 515 kg/h of struvite from the stream of ammonia which comes out from sour water treatment unit. The cost estimation conversed greater profit , the market for the product is granted as it is world widely used e.g. in Japan and china as fertilizer. So, application of this proposed unit will be of a great reward economically, as well as environmentally by getting rid of the ammonia and avoiding its negative effects.Item Representation Theory of Finite Group with Some Applications(AL-Neelain University, 16) Hiba NasrEldin MohamedThis research aims to study the representation theory as a tool that transform abstract groups to groups of linear transformations easy to deal with. This research depends on groups and fields theory and vector spaces to construct the structure of these spaces. We studied vector spaces because of structures. In particular we dealt with finite groups and we gave some applications.Item Health education program in knowledge, attitude and practice among primary school students towards dental caries in Najran - Saudi Arabia(Aِl neelain universityِ, 20) Nahid khalil El Faki IdreesAbstract Background: Health education program about dental health is one of the reasons behind the declining of dental caries’ rates in many industrialized countries. Other reasons include consumption of fluoridated toothpastes, effective and accessible oral health services. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of health education program in knowledge, attitudes and practice towards dental caries among school children during the period from 2013- 2016. Material & Methods: School-based interventional study design was adopted. A systemic random sample technique was used to obtain sample of 288 students from 3 different public primary schools for girls. The principal method of data collection was a semi structured questionnaire beside clinical examination that guided by DMFT index. Results: The result shows that 209 students out of 288 have dental caries (a rate of 72.57%). DMFT mean of the surveyed subjects was 0.73. Around 16% of the examined students didn't know the causes of dental caries. The study also revealed that 37% of the students get their knowledge about oral issues from their parents. 90% of students with dental problems have positive family history. After conducting the health education program the students’ knowledge was significantly (p< 0.01) improved about fluoridated toothpastes, hygiene practices and the importance of visiting dentists was significantly (p< 0.01) increased. Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene practices, lack of parental guidance, hereditary factor together with lack of appropriate dental knowledge and frequent exposure to cariogenic foods are the main risk factors for dental decay among the surveyed students. ‘ Recommendation: Extra emphasis on dental health education programs in cooperation between education and medical authorities should be considered and implemented in Najran area.Item أخلاقيات الانجاب الاصطناعي(200) طارق حسن عثمانItem fuzzy traffic lights control(200) manal osman mohammedItem نظرية القياس فى الفكر اﻹسلامى(200) محمد سليمان داؤدItem تطوير قاعدة بيانات لاختبارات المواد والتربة لاستخدامها كمواد لرصف الطرق(200) ثويبة العوض حاج عليItem التدفقات النقدية الخارجة وأثرها علي الاداء المالي دراسة حالة الصندوق القومى للتأمين الاجتماعي(200) مناسك حسين سليمان ابوصالحABSTRACT Cash flow out & its aflect toward financial performance in NSIF is the base of this master which proposed imbalance between cash flow in & cash flow out which lead to increase in percentage of expenses from total income & it will lead toreaching break even point & then the stage of deficit in budget Raising of beneficiary expenses without actuarial studies & payment of extra benefits to some of the beneficiary that un determined in social insurance act may lead to financial trouble in the future also there is a huge amount of money unrecievable such as contribution arrears , unsettled investment, commutation during services & social investment all these reasons afiect negatively towards amount of cash flow in & so benefits External environment & internal environment aflect & affected by NSIF budget because the external political environment decide raising minimum amount of pensions & the economic environment ajj’ect through inflation then the social in a form pensioners & workmen NSIF ( NATIONAL SOCIAL INSURANCE F UND) problem in need to various solutions but eflectiveness of investment is the main solution to insure that NSIF have full exploitation of its opportunity cost towards reserve & unrecivable cash also to insure eflective return on payment From data analysis we know that no of average pensioners rose (ten times) as a result of changing period of qualzfi/ing natural death pension & occurrence of new risks & specialization has a main eflect. NSIF face financial problem in a form of exceeding the rate of managerial expenses determined in NSIF act as a result of failure of collecting all proposed cash flow which lead to increase _in managerial expenses percent compared to act rate (10%) then a new major trouble occurred in a form of beneficiary expenses that became an actual financial problem because beneficiary expenses equal 3.5 times managerial expenses so NSIF in need to solutions. Changes in cash flow out is in equivalent with increase in cash flow in because contributions was paid in stamps rates pensions paid according to medium amount of salary of the last year which is greater..than stamp rates. another trouble faced NSIF isuthe increase of minimum pension that became grater than minimum S0lt'Ilj' meanwhile pension formula determined to offer percent of last salary & the amount of paid pension equal 5 or 7 times the actual pension because (97.9%) of pensioners have additional amount to their actual pension which means occurrence of gab between actual pensions & minimum amount of pensions & this will lead to imbalance between cashflow in & cash flow out , the solution may be in a form of preparing studies before raising minimum amount of pension & participation of government in additional payment to pensioners also investment of reserve for generation of money & financing of arising pensions or changing definition of salary to be gross salary instead of part of salary , determination of extra benefits finance . importance of practicing legal rules towards contribution arrears . investment in diflerent eflective programtnes to have sujficient currency such as service petrol & export , investment out of Sudan with Arabic & other countries through specialized companies . Performance of actuarial studies recommendations through financing of (75%) of beneficiary expenses from investment net revenue. Investment of reserve to insure eflective net present value of currency & fixed assets also it will lead to development of NSIF through generation of money another object is fulfillment of gab between value of contribution (25%) & value of pensions with range of (40 — 80%) of medium last year salary & to put in consideration the gab between actual pension & minimum amount of pension also one of investment goals protection of money flom eflect of inflation& balance between cash flow in & cash flow out to protect NSlFfi'0m technical deficit & actual deficit through generation of money. Investment through multi national corporation for production in Sudan & marketing in other countries also using technique of transfo- rmation of goods fi'0m half industriali:ed to full industrialized for improvement of net revenue & exploitation of natural resources endowment such as marble — granite — cement & water , investment in services as medical — computer - tourism & industrialization of meat & fish & estate investment (towers) - Recommendations to solve the trouble! Contribution of government i/1 financing raising minimum amount of pension) &. Transformation of insured persons & pensioners of the public sector & federal state to national pensions fund. I hope using of the study recommendation for solving problems before its occurrenceItem الكتابة الديوانية بمصر في عصر الدولة الايوبية(200) محمد نغشItem implementation of quality assurance concepts for sudanese software houses(200) ABUBAKR MUSTAFA ELTAHIRItem القانون الواجب التطبيق في حسم المنازعات المتعلقة بالتجارة الدولية(200) اسامة محمد عثمانItem supply chain management in goal ireland organization(200) AHMED HASSAN ABD ELRAHIMItem طاعة الأوامر الرئاسية غير المشروعة وحدودها(200) ابو بكر مرشد الزهيريItem إبرام العقود الدولية عبر الشبكة (الإنترنت) وإثباتها(200) منصور احمد محمد صالح الشيخItem الايقاع الشخصى و الايقاع في الشعر المفضل(200) عبد السلام أحمد الشيخItem إستقلال القضاء بين النظرية والتطبيق(200) الخواض الشيخ العقادItem بناء وتصميم المجموعات الرياضية باستخدام تراكيب بنى القواعد البرمجية(200) عمر حلمي سليمانItem الإعفاء من المسئولية الجنائية(200) عبد النبي كليكر كوديItem تفسير سورة لقمان(200) محمد حسن محمد الحسنItem العباب المحيط بمعظم نصوص الشافعي والاصحاب من كتاب الجنايات - كتاب الجهاد(200) عبده محمد أحمد اليماني