كلية علوم البصريات

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.neelain.edu.sd/handle/123456789/613

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 131

Refiaction and visual changes after posteriorilo implantation
(AL-Neelain University, 1992) Hussna ElTayeeb Tabidi
The Effect of sim ulated stress on Associated Heterophoria Atneear vision
(Al-Neelain University, 2002) Ahmed Ali Ahmed EI Nimary
The effect of computer use on the human eye
(AL-Neelain University, 2002-02) Dalia Khalid Mahmood Elfaki
The study is performed to evaluate the effect of the computer upon the human eye. Two groups are chosen randomly from the Sudanese telecommunication company (Sudatel) for these studies. The ﬁrst group contains 50 subjects of computer users. The second group also contains 50 subjects but are non computer users. Each member of the two groups was opticaly examined and given a questionnaire to fill. The results of both the questionnaire and the visual function tests are analysed . I T shows‘ fhe f0//aw/ng: v 70% of the ﬁrst group experienced ocular and visual symptoms. 0 34% the second goup experienced ocular and visual symptoms. This indicates that there is a high susceptibility of ocular and visual problems amongst computer users. This could be affr/bufed fa fhe fa//owing." 1- The time spent using a computer. _ 2- The distant between the eye and the screen. 3- Refrain of computer users from protective ﬁlters. 4- Uncorrected\improper corrected refractive errors. 5- Accommodation and\or convergence dificiencies. The studies also reveal that myopia appears in both groups(38% in computer users,3O% in non computer users) ,but with higher prevalence in the group of computer users. However, the difference was not signiﬁcant to support the hypothesis that computer work was a factor to induce myopia.
Optical Changes in Presbyopic Age
(AL-Neelain University, 2002-08) Atif Babiker Mohamed Ali
The Effect Of Fixation Disparity On Binocular Visual Acuity
(2002-08) Faiza Hamdalla
Abstract This project is carried out in binocular visual acuity in the presence of ﬁxation disparity created by prisms A sample of 20 young adults was surveyed in clinics of Faculty of Optometry and Visual Science and they had good binocular vision, reduction in binocular visual acuity with the magnitude of ﬁxation disparity was found, to achieve our original goals a clinical investigation was carried out in normal subject with good vision (6/5) symptoms free. By using loose prisms (3-5-7-9-11). The induced misalignment of the visual axis is present and it varied from one patient to another, the vision decreased due to displaced retinal image, and there was a direct relationship between prism dioptre and ﬁxation disparity, and an indirect relation between visual acuity and the induced ﬁxation disparity. The subjects were selected randomly including both males and females. The age variation ranged between (21-25) years. The criteria for selection included normal binocular single vision, symptoms free. Data gathered were tabulated and calculation included frequency percentage means- standard deviation and T-test were signiﬁcant, the result of induced phenomenon comparing with Log-Mar (Test vision) and the displacement of retinal image by mms, were explain the indirect relation between binocular visual acuity to the induce ﬁxation disparity. The key words were ﬁxation disparity and visual acuity.
The Effect Of Fixation DisparityOn Binocular Visual Acuity
(AL-Neelain University, 2002-08) Done By Faiza Hamdalla
Abstract This project is carried out in binocular visual acuity in the presence of ﬁxation disparity created by prisms A sample of 20 young adults was surveyed in clinics of Faculty of Optometry and Visual Science and they had good binocular vision, reduction in binocular visual acuity with the magnitude of ﬁxation disparity was found, to achieve our original goals a clinical investigation was carried out in normal subject with good vision (6/5) symptoms free. By using loose prisms (3-5-7-9-11). The induced misalignment of the visual axis is present and it varied from one patient to another, the vision decreased due to displaced retinal image, and there was a direct relationship between prism dioptre and ﬁxation disparity, and an indirect relation between visual acuity and the induced ﬁxation disparity. The subjects were selected randomly including both males and females. The age variation ranged between (21-25) years. The criteria for selection included normal binocular single vision, symptoms free. Data gathered were tabulated and calculation included frequency percentage means- standard deviation and T-test were signiﬁcant, the result of induced phenomenon comparing with Log-Mar (Test vision) and the displacement of retinal image by mms, were explain the indirect relation between binocular visual acuity to the induce ﬁxation disparity. The key words were ﬁxation disparity and visual acuity.
NORMAL VARIATION OF PRESBYOPIA
(ALNeelain University, 2002-09) Ahmed Elsiddig Abd Elbagi
Abstract This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of presbyopia among Sudanese population in Khartoum. Age enrolled in the study was from (30-50) years. The studied subjects were (600), 290 were males and 310 were females divided into four age groups as follows: - Group A (30 — 35 years) - Group B (35 — 40 years) - Group C (40 — 45 years) Group D (45 — 50 years) The prevalence of presbyopia has been found to be (72.67%), among all subjects studied with signiﬁcant increasing with age in groups (A, B, C) but group (D) showed slight decreasing in the prevalence of presbyopia. The distribution of subjects studied according to refractive status was (31.83 %) emmetropes, (39.33 %) hypermetropes, (21.50 %) myopes and (7.33 %) astigmatic. Presbyopia was found to be higher among hyperrnetropic subjects (3l.50%), slightly less in emmetropes (28.00%) lesser in myopes (ll.l7%) and very few subjects reveal astigmatic error (2.00 %). According to gender the study showed that the prevalence of presbyopia was higher among females (38.83%) than males (33.83%). Non presbyopic subjects were found to be (27.33%) among the studied population, classiﬁed in to (l0.33%) myopes, (7.83%) hypennetropes, (5.33%) astigmatic and (3.83%) emmetropes. The measured amplitude of accommodation was found to decline with advancing age and there was a signiﬁcant difference between the presbyopic and the non-presbyopic The average amplitude of accommodation was found to be vary ﬁ"om 2.5 to 6.38D, While it was 3.39 to 6.77D in the non-presbyopic. The ordered correction increased with age and varied from 0.83 to l.74D, with considerable ﬂuctuation between males and females in different age groups. Key words: Presbyopia- age- amplitude of accommodation- refractive state- and addition. ii
The Effect of Myopia on Vision,Accommodation, Convergence and Pupil Size
(AL-Neelain University, 2002-09) Nuha Mohamed Fath AL Rahman
Theffect of redued binocular visual Acuitt on stereoacuity
(AL-Neelain University, 2002-09) EL-BASHIR ‘EL-SAEED EL-BASHIR
Abstract This study investigated the effect of optical blur (defocus) on stereoacuity measured by Titmus stereotest. 1n 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) with nomqal visual acuity and demonstrated near stereoacuity of 40 seconds of arc. Ages enrolled were from 18 to 36 years. The subjects were selected randomly from Faculty of Optometry and Visual Science Clinic (In Khartoum). All subjects were enrolled in the experiment, in which the visual acuity of each subject was blurred (positive and negative blur was conducted), by (1,2 and 3D.Sph) lenses ﬁrst binocularly and second monocularly, then the stereoacuity was measured by using Titmus stereotest. The drop of stereoacuity was found to be greater with monocular than binocular blur. The average drops due to binocular blur were found to be 49.7 seconds (of arc) with -1.00 D.Sph, 54.2 seconds with -2.00 D.Sph, 189.2 seconds. with -3.00 D.Sph, 50 seconds with +1.00 D.Sph, 260.8 seconds with +2.00 D.Sph and 2180.3 seconds with +3.00 D.Sph. The average drops of monocular blur were 143.8 seconds with —1.00 D.Sph, 1333.7 seconds with —2.00 D.Sph, 2712.3 seconds with -3.00 D.Sph, 92.2 seconds with +1.00 D.Sph, 1701.7 seconds with +2.00 D.Sph and 3000 seconds with +3.00 D.Sph. From this study the positive optical blur was found to cause more drop in the sterescopic acuity than negative optical blur. Key words: Visual acuity, binocular vision, stereoacuity, optical blurs.
OPTOMETRY AND VISUAL SCIENCE The Effect of Myopia on Vision, Accommodation, Convergence and Pupil Size
(ALNeelain Unviersity, 2002-09) Nuha Mohamed Fath AL Rahman
.1: Introduction This chapter represents information historical review and previous studies that have investigated myopia and its effect on vision, pupil size, accommodation and convergence. Section (2.2) considers deﬁnition of the term myopia and gives a short account about its history, etiology, classiﬁcation, clinical picture and treatment along with visual disability. Section (2.3) covers the pupil. Section (2.4) considers accommodation and its relation to refractive errors, convergence and pupil. Section
Contrast Sensitivity And Colour Vision As Diagnostic Tools In Primary Open angle Glaucoma
(Neelain University, 2004) Ahmed Ali Ahmed Elnimry
Abstract This is the ﬁrst clinical study of its kind in Sudan. The purpose of this study is to investigate primary open angle glaucoma by contrast sensitivity and colour vision. Current data consist of (200 sample).There were divided into two groups. Group (A) Comtrol group (100 subjects), their ages ranged between (40 -55) years. Group (B) test group (100 subjects) with family history of glaucoma, their ages ranged between (30 -40) years. Clinical investigation of glaucoma in this study started in June 2004 - July 2006 at Makka Eye Complex Clinic in Khartoum. Functional tests included: vision test - refraction and correction - ophthalmoscopy - tonometry - perimetry - gonioscopy - contrast sensitivity test by Lea Symbol Chart - Colour vision test by (colour vision test made easy) Stoical analysis of data as follows: The results revealed that contrast sensitivity was low in glaucoma about 100% in group (A) The results revealed that contrast sensitivity was low in about 14% in group (B), because the cause is a family history of glaucoma. The results revealed that contrast sensitivity was normal in about 86% in group (B). The correlation between contrast sensitivity and Ovisual ﬁeld in early and moderate defects was signiﬁcant. The correlation and Chi-Square with contrast sensitivity and cup disc ratio - IOP - gonioscopy was weak (positive or negative). In addition there were signiﬁcant relation between contrast sensitivity and refractive state of the eye. The results revealed that, there was not any relation between colour vision and glaucoma in this stage. Contrast sensitivity recommended as a diagnostic tool in primary open angle glaucoma. Keywords: Contrast sensitivity test - Lea symbol chart - Colour vision test - colour _vision test made easy - Primary open angle glaucoma - test group - Control group.
STUDY OF AGING EFFE CT ON BEAM PARAMETERS OF SOME HELIUM _NEON LASER SOURCES
(AL Neelain University, 2004) Manal Mohammed Ali Dahab
مسببات العمى في منطقه الفاو القريه(10)
(جامعه النيلين, 2005) ايهاب رحمة سليمان
Visual Outcome after Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction Surgery and IOL Implantation in Sudanese Adults
(AL-Neelain University, 2005) Abd-Alruhman Alsammani Mohamed Ali
ABSTRACT The scope of this study is to asses the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes and surgical complications in a consecutive series of patients who had IOL implantation following Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction surgery. The records of a sample of 200 out of all selected cataract patients for the year 2004, from Allwaledain charity hospital in Khartoum, Sudan, who had surgery, were evaluated for visual outcome of extra capsular cataract extraction and intra ocular lens implantation. The sight restoration rate was high and satisfactory. Final BCVA of worse than 6/36 (about 4%), is actually related to preexisting macular and optic-nerve pathology. Optic nerve atrophy was reported in two cases, less frequent complication being capsular rupture. Early post operative complication had been hyphaema. No postoperative infection was observed. The safety of the procedure is evident by the small number of patients who lost BCVA or experienced surgical complications, as well as by the absence of postoperative infection. Key words: Best Corrected Visual Acuity, Cataract, Macula, Intra Ocular Lens (I.O.L.). l
vision post couching Aphakia and pesudohakia operations
(Al-Neelain University, 2005 - 04) Hassan Mohammed Ahmed shahouna
Abstract Cataract surgery in the removal lens of the eye (crystalline lens) thaThas develtiped an opaciﬁcationf The visual results post operative cataract are very good unless there are some complications post operative cataract. So the main purpose of this peace of research was to carry out a comparative study of vision and visual acuities of eyes post-couching , aphakia, or intraocular lens implantation in order to fmd out which surgical procedure served the patient best of all. For this purpose one hundred and ten patients were taken randomly from Sinnar Eye Hospital out patient clinic. Those eyes were aphakic or have had an intraocular lens implantation. A complete routine eye examination was carried out. Some thirty eight patients whose eyes were couched by healers were collected from the out skirts of Sinnar city. Total number of 148 patients. 70 eyes has got pseudophakia, 70 eyes had got aphakia and 40 eyes had been couched. All results were tabulated in six tables. The intraocular lens were best 80% of operations were successful in restoring visual acuties 6/18 to 6/5 with lower complication rate. Aphakia is second 60% of operations were successful in restoring visual acuities 6/18 to 6/5 and couching 20% successful in restoring visual acuities 6/ 18 to 6/5.
EFFICIENCY OF CLEANING SOLUTIONS ON EYELINER DEPOSITS ON SOFT CONTACT LENSES
(Al-Neelain University, 2005 10) Layalie l Hassan
AIISTR/\Cl' Twenty-four solt contact lenses were examined against six contact lens multipurpose solutions. Twelve lenses were corne from Group 2 lens (l |)A classiﬁcation) and twelve lenses were come from Group 4. lixperirnental method was used in this project, Investigation procedures were conducted in medical laboratory of/\l-Walidain liye Hospital in ()rndunnan Sudan. in Octoher 2005. The purpose olithis study is to evaluate the eﬂicicncy of contact lens cleaning solutions in removing eyeliner surface deposition that adhere to various solt contact lenses. Measurement of eyeliner surface depositions before and alter cleaning solt lenses was done using visual inspection by naked eye and examination under light microscope. Result showed all studied contact lenses cleaning solutions to be ellcctive in removing eyeliner depositions from contact surlaces. and cleaning elilicacy is at same level. ‘l he eyeliner was less likely to adhere and easy to clean with (iroup 4 lens. 'l his was related to ionicity oi‘ lens material. Key words; contact lenses. depositions_ cleaning solution and lens material ll
The Effect of streetlights on visual performance Abdelaziz Mohamed Elmadia mohamed Elmadia
(AL-Neelain University, 2005-06) Abdelaziz Mohamed Elmadina
’Vi'sua[ outcome of phacoemulsiﬁcation Surgery;ln Elwalidain Eye Hospital
(2005-07) Mustafa Abdu Ali Mohammed
Introduction l.l Statement of the problem Czttnruet is the lending euuse nl‘ blindness in the world us well us in Sudun. ln Sutlun. due tn CllLl|'LlClCl'lSllC en\=i|'0nmentul conditions 0|‘ sttb-Suhurun Africa and poor suuinnult rcgio|1s_ the problem olieatturuet represents (>t)% out oliull catses 01‘ blindness, ll't'CS]7t,'t'll\'C or ll.\ type. ezttunlet is present in ull regions uliSudzut. The total number of eatumct surgeries tll Ztltll was 28500. The pereentuge otltll eutztruet surgeries with IOL is 55%. Cuturuct surgteul rule (CSR)/million popttlutiuit / ycurs ts ‘)5().m Phaeoemulsiﬁcution is one ofthe procedures used to prevent blindness by cattatntcl Ill Sudun since 200]. 1.2 Objectives of the study This study ztims t0:- I Highlight experience in plmcoetnulstlicutinn procedure in Stitlaur 0 Estimute the \'l§tli\l uutcuine utithe |1roeedure. l.3 Metliotlology and smiree of data In this Cl'OSS-SCCllOl1;ll_ retrospective study. records of I20 consecutive patients \\lu» were operated by phucoemulsitieutinn in El waliduin eye hospital from l\/lurch to July Ztltti. ure included. The study was constructed lu describe stntisticul tests that include pel‘eeitt;t-__'e.<_ meuns. _~:tnndurd deviutiun and chi-test.
التحصيل الاكاديمي لطلاب البصريات في مرحلتي البكلاريوس والدبلوم (دراسة مقارنة)
(جامعة النيلين, 2005-11) غناوة حسين ابراهيم
ABSTRACT This research aimed to introduce the differences in a cadmic achievements for optometric students — as a comparative study between Bacloria and Diploma students — and study the relation between student's acceptance average and their educational achievement in optometry and visual science . The study target carried out on (212) optometric student, which consisted of two groups: (113) Bacloria student and (99) Diploma for three years progressively (97- 98- 1999), their acceptance average and degrees of achievement for three stages (ﬁrst, second, third ) would be taken. Calculation included , mean , standard deviation , t — test and person correlation , the result obtained showed that: 1. There were signiﬁcant differences at (oc=0.05 ) in acceptance average between Bacloria and Diploma optometric Students for three year (97- 98 - 1999) and the difference for Bacloria Students. 2. there were signiﬁcant difference at (cc =0.05) in general achievement mean between Bacloria and Diploma students in optometric subject of ﬁrst stage (97/98b99/ 2000) and the different for Bacloria students. 3. there were signiﬁcant differences at (ct =0.05) in general achievement mean between them in optometric subjects of second stage for (98/1999, 99/2000, 2000/ 2001) , and the different Bacloria students. 4. there were signiﬁcant diﬁerences at (cc =0.05 ) in general achievement mean between them in optometric subjects of third stage for (99/2000,2001/2002) , and the different for Bacloria students. 5. there were progressive and signiﬁcant relation of conﬁdence level about 99% between students acceptance average and their educational achievement in optometry and visual science . ﬁnally some recommendations are highlighted and further constructive research programs are suggested at the end of this study.
Evaluation of Congenital InfantileEsotropia's Treatment in Khartoum State
(Al-Neelain University, 2006) Omer Faroug Ahmed Babiker; ;
Abstract The stud) aimed to evaluate congenital infantile esotropia's treatment in Iviartoum State The age enrolled in this study was from (birth-40) years The study subjects were (120). 30 were males and 90 were females. The prevalence of/congenital infantile esotropia has been found to be 25% among males and 75% among females. The distribution of subjects studied according to visual acuity was (25.8%) undetected their vision pretreatment this increase to (60.8%) of undetected post treatment. Results showed that the highest degree of the pretreatment of angle of deviation ranging from 20' — 25' by corneal reﬂection (23.3%) and post treatment the corrected angle (angle of deviation zero) represented the high percentage (32.5%). Results showed that convergence increases in direct elevation and direct depression (35%) pretreatment, but post treatment the high percentage was (65%) to undetected The distribution of subjects studies according to refractive status was (45.8%) hyperopes. (27.5%) astigmatic and (1 1.7%) myopes. Results showed most of subjects treated surgically (59.2%), from (56.7%) were treated by bimedial rectus recession. Results showed that when the age increases the defect of vision also increases. kc» words: ' Age — Angle of deviation — Refractive state — Bimedial rectus recession. -i_