علوم - ماجستير

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.neelain.edu.sd/handle/123456789/510

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    Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Striga hermonthica extracts
    (Al-Neelain University, 2019-06) Bedor Ahmed Awadallah
    This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of different extracts of leaves of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth, and it includes extensive chemical study to identify the chemical composition of the active extract(s) by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Phytochemical screening of methanol and water extracts of S. hermonthica leaf revealed the presence of flavonoids tannins, terpenes, alkaloids, and saponins, coumarins, carbohydrates, reducing compounds, quinines, and proteins. The quantitative determination of chemical constituency showed that flavonoids represented (13.5%), tannins (6.57%), terpenes (5%), and alkaloids (2.12%). The fine powder of the S. hermonthica leaves was successively extracted with (petroleum-ether, chloroform, methanol) using soxhlet extractor. Methanol gave highest yield (22.6%). The methanolic extract of S. hermonthica showed a highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (93.70%), petrolum ether (55.80%), chloroform (53.90%) at 100 μg/ml. Moreover, S. hermonthica methanol extract was exhibited moderate antifungial activity (inhibition zone: 15mm, at 100% concentration) against Candida albicans fungus. The active methanolic extract was further studied by intensive and extensive analytical investigations in order to isolate the extract components using analytical and preparative TLC chromatographic fractionation, an afforded nine pure fractions which were analyzed by spectroscopic methods (Infra-red and Ultra-violet).
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    Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity ofGlycyrrhiza Glabraextracts
    (Al-Neelain University, 2019-06) Mona Osman Muhmmad Ali Salih
    Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of different extracts of roots ofglycyrrhiza glabraand it includes extensive chemical study to identify the chemical composition of the active extract(s) by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Phytochemical screening of methanol and water extracts ofglycyrrhiza glabrarevealed the presence of, alkaloids saponins, tannins, Flavonoids, proteins and carbohydrates, The quantitative determination of chemical constituency showed that flavonoids represented (7.98 %), tannin (22.71% ), saponin (17.08% ), and alkaloids (8.86%) .The sample of theG. glabraroots was successively extracted with(petroleum-ether(60-80˚C),chloroform, methanol) using soxhlet extractor. Methanol gave highest yield (31.13%). The methanolic extract ofG. glabrashowed a highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity (96.07%), petrolum ether (96.06%),chloroform (91.95%) at 100 μg/ml. Moreover,G. glabramethanol extract was partially active antifungial activity (inhibition zone: 10mm, at 100% concentration) againstCandida albicansfungus. The active methanolic extract was further studied by intensive and extensive analytical investigations in order to isolate the extract components using analytical and preparative TLC chromatographic fractionation, an afforded nine pure fractions which were analyzed by spectroscopic methods (Infra-red and Ultra-violet). نبذة مختصرة أجريت هذه الدراسة لتقييم النشاط المضاد للأكسدة والمضاد للميكروبات لمستخلصات مختلفة من جذور الجلسرهيزا غلابرا وتضمنت دراسة كيميائية مكثفة للتعرف على التركيب الكيميائي للمستخلص (المستخلصات) الفعالة بالطرق الكروماتوجرافية والطيفية. أظهر الفحص الكيميائي النباتي لمستخلصات الميثانول والمياه لغليسيريزا غلابار وجود صابونين قلويدات وعفص وفلافونويد وبروتينات وكربوهيدرات ، وأظهر التحديد الكمي للمكونات الكيميائية أن مركبات الفلافونويد تمثل (7.98٪) ، التانين (22.71٪) ، سابونين (17.08٪). والقلويات (8.86٪). تم استخلاص الجلابروت بالتتابع باستخدام (البترول- الأثير (60-80 درجة مئوية) ، الكلوروفورم ، الميثانول) باستخدام مستخرج soxhlet. وأعطى الميثانول أعلى إنتاجية (31.13٪). المستخلص الميثانولي لـ G. glabrashed أعلى نشاط كسح الجذور الحرة DPPH (96.07٪) ، البترول الأثير (96.06٪) ، الكلوروفورم (91.95٪) عند 100 ميكروغرام / مل. علاوة على ذلك ، فإن G. كان مستخلص الجلابراميثانول نشطًا جزئيًا كمضاد للفطريات (منطقة التثبيط: 10 ملم ، بتركيز 100٪) ضد المبيضات البيضاء. تمت دراسة المستخلص الميثانولي الفعال من خلال تحقيقات تحليلية مكثفة ومكثفة من أجل عزل مكونات المستخلص باستخدام تجزئة كروماتوغرافية تحليلية وتحضيرية ، وهي تسعة أجزاء نقية تم تحليلها بالطرق الطيفية (الأشعة تحت الحمراء والأشعة فوق البنفسجية).