أداب - دكتوراه

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    تطبيق الدافعية في الذكاء الاصطناعي
    (alneelain, 2014) ناصر صلاح الدين محمد
    Abstract The acceleration paste of practical sciences is rapidly increasing in the technological world of today, and human knowledge has increased to the double through out the few past decades, and along with that natural increment; the acceleration paste caused an influential paradigm that effected all disciplines of human knowledge in a manner that resulted in the decrement from a couple of decades to a span of a couple of years. Computer sciences can be characterized as one of those influential paradigms, and naturally follows the artificial intelligence discipline, along with their applications in practical life and the means of support they provided human knowledge and sciences with. Since artificial intelligence is encountered to provide most sciences and industrial applications with mastering means and procedural instruments to assure human capability in pioneering conventional fields that required tremendous efforts in establishing the basics of yesterday just half a century ago, but the ultimatum still lays unachieved. The ultimate objectives of AI can be characterized in general by the establishment of artificial intelligence conceptions with all of its underlying cognitive abilities and human aspects that relates to conceptual understanding of knowledge. However, the process of constructing of such concepts berries the abducted fundamental fact of independence from human control, this in turn, induces that an internal mechanism should be provided to such intelligent machines, these internal mechanisms bare the conceptual meaning of motivational mechanisms in humans. Because the basic conceptual understanding of AI’s ultimate machines d0esn’t hold any type of human interference or control; it became necessary to consider the possibility and means of constructing such mechanisms in the fields of artificial intelligence, in other words; considering the application of motivation in artificial intelligence. " Motivation as a human concept; sustains behavior, moreover, it functions as the major directive of all cognitive abilities that AI applications and fields are trying to implement on machines. So, if it’s possible to consider human cognitive capabilities and conceptions such as: thinking, perception, learning, reasoning...etc, it becomes hard to ignore the role of such a main directive of all these terms. First ‘of all, we introduced the philosophy artificial intelligence and some of AI’s basic concepts and tools in a descriptive but critical manner that aided the creation of an evaluation criteria of Conventional artificial intelligence tools in reaching its ultimate goals. Then we moved to introducing Motivation as a human concept that ought to be applied on machines, our discussions of motivation considered all common axis that motivation lays on as a concept of human knowledge, this included consideration of the meaning of the concept, philosophical and psychological aspects that includes different explanatory and classifying theories of motivation, also the introduction of the nervous system and the biological bases of motivation. The pre- Artificial motivation era, which we proposed as a chapter that discussed the major technical obstacles that caused the decrement of AI’s developmental proceedings, in which we discussed vital technical issues that need to be constructively reconsidered such as, concepts of knowledge representation , the role of knowledge representation and natural language processing, processing technology, the confectionist nets, Nero-fuzzy and soft computation and other issues that may provide means of flexibility in achieving AI’s objectives. Finally, we discussed the main target of the research from theoretical and technical prospective, and the paradigms of applying human concepts on AI applications. This urged us to raise moral discussions of such objectives that berries the consideration of reestablishing the ultimate objectives of artificial intelligence as a possibility that some scientists and philosophers predict to occur and advise to.