كلية القانون - ماجستير
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.neelain.edu.sd/handle/123456789/535
Browse
10 results
Search Results
Item الحماية الجنائية للبيئة في التشريعات السودانية والاتفاقيات والمواثيق الدولية(alneelain, 2006) سلمى عباس احمدAbstract This study handled, mainly, the topic of the "Criminological Protection of the Environment through the Sudan legislation, and the International Agreements", by handling and analysis of the Sudanese domestic environmental legislation, judicial decisions, and its compatibility (hanllonization) with the international agreements. The study aimed at the promotion of the legal rules, for the annihilation of the environmental crimes; or at least curbing offending and the destruction of the environment; and thence; their development, on the domestic, regional and international levels. Since pollution does not have a limit, which requires intelllational cooperation, through proximating between legal systems of all states. The study exposed that the environmental crimes are considered a relatively modern pattern of crimes. It emerged ,in the contemporary world, as a result of the various calls, for the legal protection of the environment, pursuant to its exposure to hazard and rapid pollution; which threatened life on earth and made all fonlls of life (man, funa and flora) at risks. The study is composed of five chapters. Chapter one was specified for explaining the core-angle of the concept of the environmental crime and the particularity of its nature. Chapter two discussed the elements of the environmental crime and the aspects of its distinction. Chapter three handled the punishment methods of the various legal systems, and its comparison with the penal policy of the Sudanese legislator. Chapter four exposed the development of the international legislative protection of the environment, the extent of its sufficiency and its impact on the internal criminal laws. Chapter five contained the required mechanisms, for the achievement of the criminal protection of the environment; such as the executive, legislative and social mechanisms. To cover the various dimensions which were organized in the above-mentioned chapters, the researcher has used a number of the scientific methodologies; such as, the documentation and descriptive approaches. In addition, the library research technique (the collection of secondary data), was used for the collection and the analysis of data. The study has reached several findings; the most important of which are: the numerity of the environmental laws in the Sudan; such as the environment protection act (2001) and the criminal act (1991),provide an observable measure of the legislative environmental protection. Yet, this is not sufficient to provide the required protection. This due to several reasons; such as: the environment crime is an "international crime" which should be curbed by the integration of the role of the internal law, with the international law. This is clear in the Sudanese legislator leaving out several vital issues which threaten the environment; and sufficing it self with the provisions of the international agreements. Yet, much of these international agreements are not obligatory, nor detailed enough. Secondly; the scarcity of the environmental awareness (for caring for the peripheral medium) which results, to a great extent, of the nonparticipation of the civil society in the environmental work in the required way; especially that the environmental crhne is considered an "Artificial Crime" (of the creation of legislation); and often unknown to individuals who do not fmd any shame in committing it. This makes many parties -including the state; commit activities which are destructive to the environment. The study concluded with some recommendations and suggestions for the enhancement of the environmental criminal protection. The most important of these are: the bridging of the legislative deficiency gap in the environmental laws -incriminatingly and penalizing. There must also be provisions for guarantees which achieve that protection, by the provision of the mechanisms which guarantee the implementation of the executive and judicial powers of those legislation. There must be some effort devoted to the diffusion of environmental awareness, by the informational, instructional and educational techniques, by paving the way for the civil society - beside the government side- to encourage the popular participation; together with official participation for achieving this protection.Item ضمانات المتهم في مرحلة التحري في التشريعين السوداني الاردني(alneelain, 2007) فواز منور الزيدانAbstract The Defendants Guarantees in The Process ofInvestigation (primary Investigation) in both Sudanese and Jordanian Legisltaions. (A Comparative Study) This study dealt with the defendants guarantees in the primary investigation stage in the Jordanian and the Sudanese legislations - comparative study. This is one of the most important stages of the lawsuit in which pieces of evidence are collected to prove the charges or discover innocence. It is uncertain stage which receives a great attention when the legislation is amended. The study also aims at mentioning the general principle of respecting the defendants guarantees during this stage and including these guarantees in both legislations in an attempt to emphasize the strong and ~eak points in both legislations when they deal with the proceedings. It also aims at knowing the guarantees which are preserved by Sudanese and Jordanian legislations for the defendants in the investigation stage. This can be done through exploring the legal texts included in the criminal and procedure laws in both countries. In this study the researcher followed the descriptive, analytical, and comparative approach. The results of the study were as follows: The defendants guarantees in a lawsuit is considered one of the subjects which is closely related to man's rights and freedom which were protected by legislations through universal declarations and international agreements. They are also activated through considerations and legislations so that the members of the society know their guarantees during that stage. - Both legislators gave authorities to several unspecialized bodies which led to the violation of people's rights and freedom. - Both legislations combine the authorities of investigation and charging which make the detective an enemy and the enemy can not be afair detective.Both Sudanese and Jordanian legislators do not take into account the importance of the lawyer in defending his clients and the way he does that, the shortcoming in some procedures for listening to the witnesses and organizing experience and inspection procedures. The two legislations do not take into account the suspension period as part of the punishment and they do not compensate the defendent if it is proved that he is innocent. They also do not recognize the failure theories which make the guarantees appropriate and they do not organize rules of recording in detailed and clear way. They also do not take into account the absolute secrecy which is adopted by the Sudanese legislation. The researcher suggested a number of recommendations of which the most important ones are: - Activating the role of the Attorney General from the practical side and it should not be limited to supervision. - Adopting separation of both authorities investigation and charging. - Declaring that the defendant has the right of having a lawyer form the moment of his arrest and ending the lawsuit. - Focusing on the way of listening to witnesses and the defendants rights to seek help from an expert consultant. Deducting the suspension period from the punishment if the defendant IS charged and compensating him if he is innocent. - The continuous modernization of both legislations to make them keep abreast of the latest development in modern societies. - Working on the documentation of laws and legislative sentences through the Internet and other means in order to secure information for researchers to conduct future research. I - Encouraging researchers to conduct comparative studies between foreign and Arab legislations which may fill the gap in legislation and their modernization.Item المسئولية الجنائية لمدمن المخدرات(alneelain, 2003) الصادق خليفة مصطفى عبدالجبارAbstract Criminal Responsibility of an Addict Person Drugs is an issue of public interest .At first it was a problem of relative effect. It increases rapidly. As a problem not expected to vanish automatically. the national and international perception thereof is limited. The preventive measures are diversified. Addiction and its effect on individual and society is catastrophic. These reasons prompted the choice of this issue as the subject of our discussion. Criminal responsibility of addicts .We studied criminal'responsibility and the different phases it witnessed. The criminal responsibility in Sudanese law, we studied the different kinds of drugs we reached to conclusion that the epithet "DRUGS" is not an adequate one for it does not include hallucinating and amphetamines materials .Item القتل تجاوزاً لحدود الإباحة(2009) علي بن علي يحيى الغماريالخلاصة تضم هذه الرسالة كما يستدل من عنوانها "القتل تجاوزاً لحدود الإباحة" دراسة متعددة الجوانب، حيث تناولت النصوص التشريعية والآراء الفقهية والنظريات المختلفة وأحكام القضاء في كل ما يتعلق بالموضوع. شملت الرسالة البحث حول أركان جريمة القتل التجاوزية، الشرعي والمادي والمعنوي وتضمنت دراسة المفهوم القانوني للإباحة وموضعها بالنسبة لأركان الجريمة ووصول للتعريف الفقهي لمعنى الإباحة بأنها (حالات انتفاء الركن الشرعي بناءً على قيود واردة على نص التجريم لتستبعد منه بعض الأفعال). ودراسة موضوع الغلط في الإباحة والجهل بالإباحة والتمييز بين أسباب الإباحة وموانع العقاب وتحديد المشروعية الأصلية والمشروعية الاستثنائية. وفي سياق التحليل نصل إلى تحديد أسباب الإباحة في النظرية العامة للجريمة، ودراسة صور استعمال الحق، وأداء الواجب. ويهتم البحث بعد ذلك بالآثار القانونية لأسباب الإباحة ونطاقها باعتبار أثرها هو محو الصفة الإجرامية للفعل وبالتالي إعفاء الفاعل من العقاب، ويرى فريق من الفقه أن أسباب الإباحة تؤثر على الركن الشرعي حيث تنفي وجود الجريمة، بينما يرى فريق آخر أن أسباب الإباحة تنفي القدرة على العقاب. وهناك ثمة فريق ثالث يرى أن أسباب الإباحة تعطل قاعدة التجريم، وفي الحقيقة ليس هناك خلاف كبير بين هذه الآراء، إذ من الناحية الشكلية فإن قواعد الإباحة لها ذاتيتها واستقلالها ومن الناحية الموضوعية فإن لأسباب الإباحة أثرها في انتفاء الركن الشرعي للجريمة. ودراسة نطاق آثار الإباحة يتيح تحليل سبب الإباحة في مرحلتين التفكير والتحضير للجريمة، وهما مرحلتان لا يعاقب عليهما القانون، حيث ينبغي أن يتوافر سبب الإباحة وقت بدء ارتكاب الجريمة وقبل إتمامها وتساعد دراسة أسباب الإباحة في حصر حالاتها، وتمنح الفرصة حينئذ للتعرف على آراء المذاهب الفقهية، حيث درج الفقه التقليدي على حصر أسباب الإباحة في حالات أربع هي: استعمال الحق المقرر قانوناً، وحالة الدفاع الشرعي واستعمال السلطة المشروعة لأداء الواجب، والضرورة ثم تناولت الرسالة المفهوم القانوني لمعنى التجاوز عن حدود الإباحة، ودراسة موضوع عدم المشروعية الذي يقصد به التعارض مع القانون، ووصول للتعريف الفقهي لمعنى التجاوز بأنه " انتفاء التناسب بين جسامة الخطر الذي يهدد المعتدى عليه وبين فعل الرد الصادر من قبلة، أو هو قدر من القوة يزيد على ما كان كافياً لدفع الخطر"وتناولت الرسالة طبيعة التجاوز وصفته واختلاف التشريعات في هذا الصدد، وموقف التشريعات العقابية من جريمة القتل الواقعة بسبب تجاوز الجاني حدود الفعل المباح. ويستطرد موضوع الرسالة حول الركن المادي في جريمة القتل التجاوزية وعناصره التي يتكون منها وهي الفعل والنتيجة ورابطة السببية وبيان اختلاف النظريات. وكان لابد أن يدور البحث حول تجاوز الحد المبيح وتوضيح الشروط اللازم توافرها لتحقيقه. وفي تحليل وافي تناولت الرسالة الركن المعنوي في جريمة القتل التجاوزية بدءاً من عناصره وبحث الآثار القانونية للتجاوز وصولاً إلى التجاوز في حدود الإباحة في الدفاع الشرعي، وفي استعمال الحق بالإشارة إلى التطبيق العملي كما شملت موقف الشريعة الإسلامية من التجاوز وقد توخينا الإيجاز في الشرح اكتفاء بما لطبيعة الدراسة من عمق وموضوعية وانتهينا إلى أن الشريعة الإسلامية الغراء وإن طال بها الزمن إنما تظل منارة للعلم والمعرفة ونبراساً يحتذي به في تنظيم الشئون العامة.Item تنفيذ الاحكام الجنائية في الشريعة الاسلامية واثرة في استتباب الامن(2004) علي بن سعيد بن شائع آل غائبItem المسئولية الجنائية في القانون السوداني(2009) عبد الله الفاضل عيسى كرم اللهItem الخطأ في الجرائم غير العمديةدراسة مقارنة بين القانونين السوداني والأردني(2007) وائل جميل بن طريفItem الإعفـاء من المسئولية الجنائيـة(2008) عبد النبي كليكر كودىItem الاشتراك الجنائي غير المباشر وأثره في المسئولية الجنائية(2008) الأمين حمادي عبد الرحمنItem آثار الاحكام الجنائية الاجنبية وكيفية تنفيذها(2006) ابراهيم التيجانى احمد