PHDtheses:Nursing

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Health education program in knowledge, attitude and practice among primary school students towards dental caries in Najran - Saudi Arabia
(Aِl neelain universityِ, 20) Nahid khalil El Faki Idrees
Abstract Background: Health education program about dental health is one of the reasons behind the declining of dental caries’ rates in many industrialized countries. Other reasons include consumption of ﬂuoridated toothpastes, effective and accessible oral health services. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of health education program in knowledge, attitudes and practice towards dental caries among school children during the period from 2013- 2016. Material & Methods: School-based interventional study design was adopted. A systemic random sample technique was used to obtain sample of 288 students from 3 different public primary schools for girls. The principal method of data collection was a semi structured questionnaire beside clinical examination that guided by DMFT index. Results: The result shows that 209 students out of 288 have dental caries (a rate of 72.57%). DMFT mean of the surveyed subjects was 0.73. Around 16% of the examined students didn't know the causes of dental caries. The study also revealed that 37% of the students get their knowledge about oral issues from their parents. 90% of students with dental problems have positive family history. After conducting the health education program the students’ knowledge was signiﬁcantly (p< 0.01) improved about ﬂuoridated toothpastes, hygiene practices and the importance of visiting dentists was signiﬁcantly (p< 0.01) increased. Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene practices, lack of parental guidance, hereditary factor together with lack of appropriate dental knowledge and frequent exposure to cariogenic foods are the main risk factors for dental decay among the surveyed students. ‘ Recommendation: Extra emphasis on dental health education programs in cooperation between education and medical authorities should be considered and implemented in Najran area.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Mothers towards Home Management of Fever in Children under ﬁve - At Masaad Village- Gezira State-Sudan 2013 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulﬁlment for the Requirement of the PhD in Paediatric Nursing ~
(Neelain University, 2013) Hanadi Mohammed Elhassen Mukhtar
Background: Fever is a common medical problem in children which oﬁen prompts parents to seek immediate medical care. 20 and 40% of patents reported such an illness each year. As a result, fever is probably the conmionest reason for a child to be taken to the doctor. Feverisli illness is also the second most common reason for a child being admitted to hospital. The overall objective was to study mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices about home management of childhood fever in order to provide data for further study or suggest plan for actions. » ' Methodology: community based cross -sectional descriptive study conducted at Masaad village in the Gazera Statel The study subjects were 332 mothers of under ﬁve of children. Cluster sampling technique was used to draw the study sample. A standardized administered questionnaire was developed, pretested and used to generate quantitative data and four focus groups discussion for qualitative data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: About 80% of the respondents deﬁned fever as hotness of all body. However 84% of the respondents did not know the normal body temperature.79% _ of the respondents did not know the beneﬁcial effects of fever. In addition about 80% of the respondents recognized fever by touching the child's body by the palm of the hand. Aspirin from drug seller was the commonest drug used by most of respondents to treat fever. Moreover application of tepidsponing using cold water on the head of the child was the commonest physical method used by 63%of respondents. 62% of respondents their source of knowledge was doctors. Convulsion was the commonest (57%) harm effect experienced by respondents. The study point out highly signiﬁcant relationship between educational level of respondents and knowledge about normal range of body temperature P value 0.001. While the study revealed insigniﬁcant relationship between educational level and methods of recognition of fever P value 0.232.Study point out insigniﬁcant relationship between suitable type of water for tepidsponing and educational level 0.824 and age p value 0.771. Conclusion the result revealed that the knowledge of mothers about fever was poor and there were excessive and widespread uses of antipyretics by mothers to their children at ages less than ﬁve years that could be hannful for their children. X
The Impact of an Educational Programme on Nurse's Knowledge and Practice about Infection Control Post Renal Transplantation in Ahmed Gasim and East Nile Hospital, Khartoum state, Sudan (2012-2013)
(Neelain University, 2013) Sitelgeel Ali Hamouda Babiker
Abstract Background: Nurses are the key personnel in infection control in post renal transplantation service. Their training may improve the quality of this service. This study was aiming at assessment of the impact of an educational programme on the knowledge and practice of the nurses in charge of post renal transplant patients. The participants were the nurses in Ahmed Gasim and East Nile Hospitals. Methodology: The knowledge and practice of the nurses (n=55, total coverage) were primarily assessed via questionnaire and checklist and once again after implementation of the programme. . Results: All the results obtained after application of the educational programme were signiﬁcantly better than the result before application of the programme. Conclusion: The educational programme was found to be very useful in improving the knowledge and practice of the nurses.
Quality of nursing care for pediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy patients in Khartoum state governmental hospitals, Khartoum, Sudan
(Neelain University, 2013) Salwa Yousif Abdeldaﬁe Mohammed
Background: Over the past two decades the invention of the fiberoptie endoscopy, video technology, conscious sedation coupled with the presence of experienced pediatricians in endoscopy and high standard nursing have made a dramatic improvement in pediatric endoscopy for diagnostic and therapeutic pll1‘pOS6S. Materials and Methods: In this study, 207 children who were scheduled for gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in addition to 196 parents or caregivers accompanying these children as caretakers. The endoscopic procedures included diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. i The required data included caregivers’ satisfaction with the provided services conceming endoscopy procedures and evaluation of nurses’ performance for endoscopy. The ﬁrst data were collected by structured questionnaire and the second data by observational checklist. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 17 and the ﬁndings were presented as tables a.nd ﬁgures. Statistical signiﬁcance was accepted when P value was 0.05 or below. An infonned consent was obtained from each child‘s' caregivers prior to commencement of the study. Results: The caregivers of the children were 196 and they might be the parents or others; 82(4l .8%) of tliem were females and ll4(58.2%) were males. D Regarding the lcind reception by the nurses; l84(93.9%) acknowledged the kind reception. Sixty ﬁve (33.2%) of the caregivers received information about endoscopy procedtue from nurses. One hundred and twenty six (64.3%) caregivers paid the fees for endoscopy procedures from their own resources while the remaining 70 (35.6%) were covered by health insurance. There is a highly signiﬁcant relation between the hospitals providing services and the parents and caregivers satisfaction (P value =0.00)
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Mothers towards Home Management of Fever in Children under ﬁve - At Masaad Village- Gezira State-Sudan
(Aِl neelain universityِ, 2013) Hanadi Mohammed Elhassen Mukhtar
Abstract Background: Fever is a common medical problem in children which oﬁen prompts parents to seek immediate medical care. 20 and 40% of patents reported such an illness each year. As a result, fever is probably the conmionest reason for a child to be taken to the doctor. Feverisli illness is also the second most common reason for a child being admitted to hospital. The overall objective was to study mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices about home management of childhood fever in order to provide data for further study or suggest plan for actions. » ' Methodology: community based cross -sectional descriptive study conducted at Masaad village in the Gazera Statel The study subjects were 332 mothers of under ﬁve of children. Cluster sampling technique was used to draw the study sample. A standardized administered questionnaire was developed, pretested and used to generate quantitative data and four focus groups discussion for qualitative data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: About 80% of the respondents deﬁned fever as hotness of all body. However 84% of the respondents did not know the normal body temperature.79% _ of the respondents did not know the beneﬁcial effects of fever. In addition about 80% of the respondents recognized fever by touching the child's body by the palm of the hand. Aspirin from drug seller was the commonest drug used by most of respondents to treat fever. Moreover application of tepidsponing using cold water on the head of the child was the commonest physical method used by 63%of respondents. 62% of respondents their source of knowledge was doctors. Convulsion was the commonest (57%) harm effect experienced by respondents. The study point out highly signiﬁcant relationship between educational level of respondents and knowledge about normal range of body temperature P value 0.001. While the study revealed insigniﬁcant relationship between educational level and methods of recognition of fever P value 0.232.Study point out insigniﬁcant relationship between suitable type of water for tepidsponing and educational level 0.824 and age p value 0.771. Conclusion the result revealed that the knowledge of mothers about fever was poor and there were excessive and widespread uses of antipyretics by mothers to their children at ages less than ﬁve years that could be hannful for their children.
Quality of Antenatal Care Services in Military Antenatal Health Care Centers-Khartoum State -Sudan
(Neelain University, 2013) Alawia Abd Elrhman Elshikh Abd Alla
Quality of antenatal care is an important determinant of safe motherhood. Antenatal care plays an important role in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity by detecting early risk factors in order to have an effective intervention in time. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 358 000 maternal deaths occurred worldwide in 2008.Nearly all of these deaths (99%) occur in the developing countries, due to pregnancy related complications. Sudan is one of the countries with an unacceptable high maternal mortality,216/100 000 live births. The overall aim of the study was to study quality of antenatal care services in military antenatal health care centers. Methods: This study a facility - based descriptive cross - sectional study conducted in Military antenatal health care centers at Khartoum State. The subjects of the study included (pregnant women and health care providers). A proportional to size sampling technique was used to draw the sample size for 385 pregnant women. Also total coverage technique was used for interviewing 60 health care providers employed in the military centers. Data was analyzed using summary sheet for facilities. While qualitative data was analyzed by SPSS version 17. Results : The study has explored that there was poor level of knowledge and skills among health care providers ( 83.3 %) of them did not hear about the quality of ANC. Moreover about (71.7%) of them had poor knowledge about physical examination. In addition (66.7%) of them had poor skills during measuring blood pressure.Also the pregnant women were dissatisﬁed regarding ANC services provided. In addition there was alack of facilities for providing ANC services. Conclusion : The study revealed that level of knowledge and skills the health care providers was poor. Also the pregnant women were dissatisﬁed regarding ANC services provided to them. In addition to lack of facilities for providing ANC services. Providers in services training and upgrading center facilities were needed. XI
Quality of Antenatal Care Services in Military Antenatal Health Care Centers-Khartoum State -Sudan
(Aِl neelain universityِ, 2013) Alawia Abd Elrhman Elshikh Abd Alla
ABSTRACT Introduction: Quality of antenatal care is an important determinant of safe motherhood. Antenatal care plays an important role in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity by detecting early risk factors in order to have an effective intervention in time. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 358 000 maternal deaths occurred worldwide in 2008.Nearly all of these deaths (99%) occur in the developing countries, due to pregnancy related complications. Sudan is one of the countries with an unacceptable high maternal mortality,216/100 000 live births. The overall aim of the study was to study quality of antenatal care services in military antenatal health care centers. Methods: This study a facility - based descriptive cross - sectional study conducted in Military antenatal health care centers at Khartoum State. The subjects of the study included (pregnant women and health care providers). A proportional to size sampling technique was used to draw the sample size for 385 pregnant women. Also total coverage technique was used for interviewing 60 health care providers employed in the military centers. Data was analyzed using summary sheet for facilities. While qualitative data was analyzed by SPSS version 17. Results : The study has explored that there was poor level of knowledge and skills among health care providers ( 83.3 %) of them did not hear about the quality of ANC. Moreover about (71.7%) of them had poor knowledge about physical examination. In addition (66.7%) of them had poor skills during measuring blood pressure.Also the pregnant women were dissatisﬁed regarding ANC services provided. In addition there was alack of facilities for providing ANC services. Conclusion : The study revealed that level of knowledge and skills the health care providers was poor. Also the pregnant women were dissatisﬁed regarding ANC services provided to them. In addition to lack of facilities for providing ANC services. Providers in services training and upgrading center facilities were needed.
Evaluation of Quality of Wound dressing among Nurses in Surgical wards in Three Teaching Hospitals in Khartoum State 2012 - 2013
(Neelain University, 2014) AMANI MUKHTAR MUSTAFA
Abstract Introduction: Quality of wound dressing was very important in order to prevent infection, improve quality of life in order to amputation and even death, in addition to enhance patient’s satisfaction. Objective: - This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out to evaluate the quality ofwound dressing among nurses including dressing techniques, available resources and patients’ satisfaction with nursing care of wound and hospital services in three teaching hospitals in Khartoum State. Material and Method: Design: a descriptive cross sectional hospital base study. Total coverage sample were used involving seventy eight nurses, and none probabilityof convenient sampling of one hundred and seven patients with wounds were admitted to surgical wards in three teaching hospitals (Khartoum, Omdunnan and Khartoum North teaching hospitals). Data were collected by i observational checklists for Nurses performing wound dressing and available resources via hospitals and interviewing questionnaire for patients to assess _ their satisfaction. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 and were calculated to evaluate nurses who performed wound dressing and patient’s satisfaction. Statistical signiﬁcance was accepted when P value equals to or less than 0.05. Results: The result showed that 81% of participants performed the dressing by one nurse while 19 % were performed by two nurses during the procedure. Also more than 90% of participants did not follow barrier nursing (wash hands, wear gown, cap and face mask) in preparation of sterile ﬁeld. Conceming sterilization less than 20% per three hospitals who depended on autoclave by proper methods while 80% depends on hot_ oven for sterilization for both instruments and gauze plus surgical towels. In addition that all of participants did not maintain sterility during procedure such as surgical hand washing, wearing of sterile gloves and handling of instruments. The researcher conducted from the satisfaction of the patients that hospitals facilities and services in relation to wound care,, 32% was bad and, 49% was very bad. Conclusion: Most of participants had poor skills and did not apply proper good quality of wound care that may lead to poor out come and unsatisfactory patients. Recommendation: ' There is a need for health care facilities to develop policy and educational programmes for refreshment courses for staﬂ’ and put protocol of standard wound dressing for each surgical ward in the hospitals.
The Impact of an Educational Program for Nurses on how to Assess and Manage Pain in Children in Governmental Pediatric Hospitals in Khartoum State
(Al-Neelain University, 2014) Salwa Ali Mousa Mohammed
الأطروحة ملخص خلفية : وفقًا للجمعية الدولية لدراسة الألمIASP - 1994 الألم هو تجربة حسية وعاطفية غير سارة مرتبطة بتلف الأنسجة الفعلي أو المحتمل أو موصوف من حيث هذا الضرر". الألم هو أحد الأعراض الحرجة في العديد من الأمراض: يساعدنا الألم في تجنب الأذى الجسدي ، لكن الألم غير المريح قد يكون ضارًا بطبيعته ، نفسياً وفيزيولوجيًا ، وقد يؤدي عدم التدخل المبكر وعلاج الألم إلى حدوث اضطراب وتعطل في الأسر. تعتبر إدارة الألم مسألة معقدة أصبحت ذات أهمية متزايدة في مهنة التمريض ، لدرجة أن تقييم الألم أصبح يعرف باسم العلامة الحيوية الخامسة. تصبح هذه المشكلة أكثر أهمية عند محاولة إدارة الألم لدى مرضى الأطفال. يصبح تقييم الألم معقدًا مع الأطفال نظرًا لأن الممرضة يجب أن تفسر مرحلة نمو الطفل وعمره الزمني. يشمل دور الممرضة في إدارة الألم عملية التمريض بأكملها. تقوم الممرضة بتقييم وجود الألم ، وتخطط لاستراتيجيات إدارة الآلام الدوائية وغير الدوائية مع الفريق الطبي ، وتنفذ الخطة ، وتقيم فعالية التدخلات. تهدف هذه الرسالة إلى دراسة تأثير برنامج تعليمي للممرضات على كيفية تقييم وعلاج الألم للأطفال في مستشفيات الأطفال الحكومية في ولاية الخرطوم " الأهداف الرئيسية للدراسة: - لتقييم معرفة الممرضات في تقييم الألم وعلاجة , قبل وبعد البرنامج التعليمي. - لتقييم التزام الممرضات بالمبادئ التوجيهية لتقييم الألم وعلاجه. - معرفة مدى توفر أدوات تقييم الألم في مستشفيات الأطفال الحكومية. تصميم الدراسة:دراسة تدخلية قبل وبعد التدريب في المستشفى. فترة الدراسة: وقد أجريت الدراسة خلال 2014-2019. مجتمع الدراسة: جميع فئات الممرضات العاملات في مستشفيات الأطفال الحكومية بولاية الخرطوم المنهجية: تم جمع البيانات عن طريق إجراء مقابلات مع المرشحين باستخدام الاستبيانات التي غطت الأهداف قيد الدراسة وتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام برنامج الكمبيوتر SPSS (الحزمة الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية). النتائج: تم الحصول على البيانات من عينة من 169 ممرضة أطفال ، وكان معظم الممرضات المشاركين 31 إلى 40 سنة و 92.3 ٪ من الإناث ، وكان معظم المشاركين ممرضات معتمد و 68.6 ٪ لديهم أكثر من 5 سنوات خبرة طب الأطفال ، معظم الممرضات ( 85.5٪) قالوا إنهم لا يتلقون أي تدريب سابق على الألم. لا يوجد لدى مستشفيات الأطفال الحكومية في ولاية الخرطوم أدوات لتقييم الألم وإرشادات مكتوبة لتقييم الألم وإدارته عند الأطفال. زادت المعرفة بين الممرضات في الأطفال حول كيفية تقييم الألم لدى الأطفال إلى 36.6 ٪ بعد التدريب، زادت المعرفة بين الممرضات حول مستويات تقييم الألم المختلفة لدى الأطفال من (11.8 ٪) في االتدريب القبلي إلى (89.3 ٪) بعد التدريب ، والأغلبية (93.5%) بدأت من الممرضات المشاركين في استخدام علاج الألم الدوائية وغير الدوائية ، لم يوثق معظم (89.9 ٪) من الممرضات المشاركين مستوى الألم من المرضى كإجراء تمهيدي وبدون تغيير في الاختبار البعدي. الخلاصة: يمكن تحسين العجز في علاج الألم عن طريق تنفيذ برامج تعليم تقيم وعلاج الالم . سجل الممرضون انخفاضًا في المعرفة والمعرفة تجاه الألم قبل البرنامج التعليمي ، في حين كان التحسن الكبير في معرفتهم وموقفهم بعد تقديم تعليم الألم واضحًا. التوصيات: 1. توفير أدوات تقييم الألم و و تدريب الممرضات على استخدامها في مستشفيات الأطفال الحكومية بولاية الخرطوم. 2. التدريب المهني والمتابعة للممرضات العاملات في المجال السريري لإدخال تحديث تقييم الألم وعلاجة . 3. توفر البروتوكولات والمبادئ التوجيهية المكتوبة لتقييم الألم وعلاجة لمستشفيات الأطفال الحكومية. 4. تقديم أوراق مصممة في ملف المريض فيما يتعلق بتقييم الألم وإدارته عند الأطفال. Abstract Back ground: According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP - 1994), "Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage”. Pain is a critical symptom in many illnesses. Pain helps us to avoid physical harm, but unrelieved pain might be inherently harmful, both psychologically and physiologically. Lack of early intervention and pain treatment may lead to a state of impairment and disruption in families. Pain management is a complex issue that has become increasingly significant in the nursing profession, so that the assessment of pain has become known as the fifth vital sign. This issue becomes even more crucial when attempting to manage pain in pediatric patients. Assessing pain becomes complicated with children as the nurse must account for the child’s developmental stage and chronological age. The role of the nurse in pain management encompasses the entire nursing process. The nurse assesses for the presence of pain, plans pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management strategies with the medical team, implements the plan, and evaluates the effectiveness of the interventions. This thesis is to study the impact of an Educational Program for nurses on How to assess and manage pain for Children in government Pediatric Hospitals in the Khartoum State." Main objectives of the Study: -To assess the knowledge of nurses in pain assessment & management, before and after the educational program. -To assess the adherence of nurses to guidelines of pain assessment and management. -To know the availability of pain assessment tools in government pediatric hospitals. Study design: An Interventional study pre-post training hospital-based study. Study Period: The study was conducted during the 2014-2019. Study population: nurses working in these pediatric governmental hospitals in Khartoum State. Study settings: Governmental Pediatric Hospital in Khartoum state. Methodology: Data was collected by interviewing candidates using questionnaires that covered objectives under study, teach the education program by small group discussion, Six months later after program implementation data was recollected again using the same methods and Data was analyzed by using SPSS Results: Data was obtained from a sample of 169 pediatric nurses , Most of participant nurses were 31 to 40 years old and 92.3% were females , Most of participants were certified nurses and 68.6% had more than 5 years pediatric experience , Most of nurses (85.5%) claimed not receiving any previous pain training Governmental pediatric hospitals in Khartoum state do not have pain assessment tools and written guidelines for pain assessment and management in children. , knowledge among nurses in children regarding how to assess pain in children increased to 36.6% in posttest , Knowledge among nurses about different pain assessment scales in children increased from (11.8%) in pretest to (89.3%) post-test , Majority (93.5%) of participant nurses started to use Pharmacological & non pharmacological pain management as posttest which was significant , Most ( 89.9%) of participant nurses did not document patients level of pain as a pretest and there was no change in posttest. Conclusion: Nurses scored low in having knowledge and attitudes towards pain prior to pain education, so educational program has positive impact on pain assessment and management. Recommendations: 1. Provide pain assessment tools and nurses educated and demonstrated on their use in governmental pediatric hospitals in Khartoum state. 2. Professional training and follow-up for nurses working in the clinical field to introduce update pain assessment and management. 3. Availability of protocols and written guidelines of pain assessment and management for Governmental pediatric hospitals. 4. Provide designed papers in the patient's file concerning pain assessment and management in children.
Quality of Reproductive Health Information, Education and Communication Printed Materials- Khartoum locality and East Nile locality (May 2013---- March 2014)
(Al Neelain University, 2014) Soad Mohamed Abdalla A1nassry
Background: Regular using infomiation, education and communication printed materials during antenatal and post natal period, through individual or group approach, brings desirable changes in health practices of mothers resulting in a healthy mother and baby and is one key issue for maintaining safe motherhood. The objectives: the aim of this study was to re-test information, education and communication (IEC) printed materials in reproductive health , to analyze the process and mechanisms of development of the information, education and communication printed materials with extensive review of existing materials regarding availability and distribution at Khartoum and East Nile localities at Khartoum state. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional facility- based study. The data were collected from 385 mothers in reproductive age, 72 mothers ﬁom Khartoum locality and 313 mothers from the East Nile locality. Trained ﬁeld data collectors conducted the re-testing of infonnation, education and communication printed materials from April 2013 to May 2013. Availability and distribution of information, education and communication materials at various health facilities were assessed at the same time. This involved 16 public and private health centers at Khartoum locality and 37 health centers (public and private), 3 hospitals,'6 dispensaries and one mobile clinic at East Nile locality. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 16. Results: The apprehension of IEC messages addressing appropriate nutrition and clothing for pregnant mother and birth spacing were apprehended by 75 % of the respondents and IEC material addressing serious signs and symptoms during pregnancy was apprehended by 83.3%. However, respondents in both localities had difﬁculty in apprehending the IEC materials addressing the delivery plan. This is represented 60.4% in both localities .The study revealed that the IEC printed materials were acceptable, attractive, relevant and persuasive. However statistically signiﬁcant differences were encountered between educational level and acceptability (p- VII value =0.000), relevance (p-value =0.035) and persuasiveness (p-value = 0.000). The availability of the IEC materials in both localities represents 66.7%. Conclusions: The IEC printed materials, addressing appropriate nutrition & clothing for pregnant mother, serious sign and symptoms during pregnancy and birth spacing were well apprehended by majority of respondents in both localities but; they had difficulty in apprehending the IEC materials (delivery plan). Considering the analysis of the process of development of IEC printed materials; it was found that IEC team generally did not follow universally accepted guidelines and tips for developing the IEC printed materials. The author recommends that proper planning for production anddistribution strategy ensures efﬁcient and effective use of these IEC printed materials.
Overview of Health Status of Older People in El Gadarif locality-Gadarif state- Eastern of Sudan 2014
(AL-Neelain University, 2015) Mahassin Mohammed Osman Mohammed
ABSTRACT Introduction: Geriatric population in Sudan is relatively small. Yet it is important to improve health care quality of elderly population. However, lack of in-depth research on this subject is a major obstacle for understanding and improving geriatric health quality and services. This study attempted to bridge this information gap about health status of older people in El Gadarif locality. Methodology: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data was collected by cluster random sample survey covering 388 participants. SPSS was used for statistical analysis, and chi- square was used for testing association between different variables. Results: The main findings of the elderly survey showed that49.5% of participants their age (65-74), 52.3% are male, 58.5% were married,50.5% illiterate,60.6%dependse in their income on their sons,96.9% had social interaction with family and community,85% described their health to be good or fair, 67.78% were suffering from one or more chronic diseases, 48.8% had no problem with their vision 82.7% had no problem with their hearing ,72.4% did not have urine incontinence,88.1% could control their bowel, 55.4% had no depression,55.9% had no memory problem, 66.1% were sexually active, 60.3% did not use any type of medical treatment, 70.1% had always someone helping them at home, 80.9% always practiced their worship, 92.5% never smoked ,88.7% never drank alcohols,96.9% never take snuff, 20.6% practice exercise sport, 30.2% had special diet, 91% did not require assistance in eating or dressing or bathing, 46.4% did their shopping without assistance,75% took their medications by themselves , 23.5% had unattainable needs. Conclusion: health problems of Gadarif elder persons are similar in some aspects to the health problems of old population in some others countries. It was also apparent that the geriatric population in El Gadarif were mainly cared for and supported by their families.الملخص مقدمة : عدد السكان المسنین قلیل نسبیاً في السودان. مع ذلك فإن من المھم تحسین الصحة ونوعیة الرعایة لھذه الفئة من السكان؛بید أنعدام وجود بحوث متعمقة حول ھذا الموضوع یشكل عقبة رئیسیة لفھم وتحسین الجودة والخدمات الصحیة للمسنین.لقد سعت ھذه الدراسة إلى سد ھذه الفجوة في المعلومات عن الحالة الصحیة للمسنین بمحلیة القضارف. المنھجیة: تم في ھذا البحث اتباع المنھج الوصفي و الدراسة المقطعیة . كما تم جمع البیانات عن طریق مسح لعینةعدلیة للتحلیل الإحصائي، ومربع كاي لاختبار أھمیة النتائج. SPSS (عشوائیة ) عنقودیة غطت 388 من المسنین.وتم استخدام % 52.3 % منھم ذكور , 58.5 , (74- النتائج:أظھرت النتائج الرئیسیة للمسح أن 49.5 % من المسنین أعمارھم ( 65 متزوجون, 50.5 % أمیون , 60.6 %یعتمدون في دخلھم على الأبناء , 96.6 % متفاعلون مع الأسرة و المجتمع , %85 منھم وصفوا صحتھم بأنھا جیدة أو لا بأس بھا , 67.7 % لدیھم واحد أو اثنین من الأمراض المزمنة , %48 لیست لدیھم مشاكل في النظر , 82.7 % لیس لدیھم مشكلة في السمع, 72 % لیس لدیھم مشكلة في التحكم في البول 82.7 % لیس لدیھم مشكلة في التحكم في الغائط , 55.4 % لیس لدیھم اكتئاب , 55.9 % لیست لدیھم مشكلة في الذاكرة , 66 % نشطون جنسیاً , 70.4 % لا یستخدم أي نوع من العلاج , 80 % یوجد من یساعدھم دائماً في المنزل , 92.9 % یستطیعون تأدیة العبادات دائماً , 92.5 % لم یدخنوا السجائر أبداً , 88.7 % لم یشربوا الخمر مطلقاً , 96.9 % لم یتناولوا التمباك بتاتاً , 20.6 % یمارسون الریاضة , 30.2 % لدیھم نظام غذائي خاص %91 لا یحتاجون لمساعدة في الأكل أو اللبس أو الحمام, 46.4 % یتسوقون بأنفسھم, 75 % یتناولون الدواء , بأنفسھم, و 23.5 % ذكرو أن لدیھم احتیاجات غیر متوفرة . الخلاصة :المشكل الصحیة لكبار لسن بالقضارف تشابة المشاكل الصحیة لكبار السن ببعض الاقطار لحد ما .كما یتضح بصورة عامة أن الأسر ھي التي تقوم بتوفیر الدعم والرعایة للسكان كبار السن بالقضارف .
Effect of the Educational program on Compliance to treatment and Quality of life i n Patients with heart failure At Sudan heart C enter - Khartoum - Sudan
(AL Neelain University, 2015) Mugahed Ali Ahmed Al-khader
Abstract Background and objectives The education of patients with heart failure (HF) is an essential part of disease management . HF is known t o decrease the quality of life especially in non - compliance patients with regards to medication and life style changes. Heart failure educational program known to be beneficial for HF patient’s and many of studies worldwide have proven the positive outcomes in HF patients , but not previ ously developed and tested in Sud a n situation. Hens the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of educational program on c ompliance to treatment and quality of life among Sudanese patients with heart failure, to explore new strategies in supporting patients to be better informed and more active. Methodology A prospective, one group, pre - intervention / post - intervention quasi - experimental study design, this study was conducted from January – October 2014 on all admitted heart failure patients (132) at the Sudan heart center. Demographic and clinical data including the compliance (medication, sodium restriction, fluid restriction, daily weighing, exercise, and appointment - keeping) and quality of life using the Minnesota Living with Hea rt Failure Questionnaire were collected from all patients and the Data were analyzed using SPSS software program version21 , Frequency distribution, mean, Mc Nemar Test, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and chi - square .P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistical ly significant. Results The result of present study revealed that proportion of overall of 132 patients’ compliance before HF educational program was (non - compliance 118 (89.3%), 14(10.65%) compliance to HF treatment), and the overall of 132 patients’ compliance post HF educational program (non - compliance 25 (18.9%), 107(81.1%) compliance to HF treatment). the high rate of compliance was found in medications 117 10 (88.6%) and follow – up appointment keeping 108 (81.8%). The highest rates of non - compliance are found in fluid restriction 7(5.3%), and exercise 16 (12.12%), and daily weighing 22 (16.6%). The present study finding show that , compared to baseline, there were statistically significant differences in QOL for HF patients participate in this study , The mean(SD) QOL of our study 78.401(22.226) pre - test , and 67.7(8.832) post - test which presented significant improvement ,The present study confirmed that there was a considerable improvement in overall t reatment compliance after the HF educational program and it is established as significant (p value =0.00). Conclusion Over all finding showed that there is low compliance that leading to poor quality of life in the majority of Sudanese patients with heart failure . The present study confirmed the important of educating and counselling program in changing the attitude of HF patients. This was obvious in the c onsiderable improvement in overall t reatment compliance following the HF educationa l program. Key words Educational program; Heart Failur e; treatment Compliance ; Quality of life; Sudan
اثر تطبيق معايير الاعتماد على جودة الخدمات الصحية من وجهة نظر الأطباء والممرضين والباحثين الاجتماعيين )د ا رسة ميدانية في مستشفيات منطقة مكة المكرمة بالمملكة العربية السعودية( 4102 م( - في الفترة من ) 410
(جامعة النيلين, 2016) خلود محمد عيسى أب و رحمة
المستخلص هدفت هذه الدراسة على التحقق في إدراك تأثير تطبيق معايير اعتماد المستشفيات على جودة الخدمات الصحية بمنطقة مكة المكرمة في المملكة العربية السعودية، من وجهة نظر األطباء والممرضين والباحثين االجتماعيين، وقد اتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي الذي يقدم وصفا كميا التجاهات ومواقف وآراء األفراد من خالل دراسة عينة منهم، معتمدا على االستبانة كأداة رئيسية للدراسة، حيث تتكون من 52 بندا ، وتغطي ثمانية مجاالت هي : اإلدارة والقيادة ، التخطيط االستراتيجي للجودة ، استخدام الموارد البشرية ، إدارة الجودة ، استخدام المعلومات المتعلقة بالمرضى ، نتائج الجودة ، نظام االعتماد والخصائص الديموغرافية . تم تصنيف الردود على البنود )52 )إلى خمس نقاط حسب مقياس ليكرت، بدءا من 0( أوافق بشده( إلى 5 )أعارض بشدة(. وتم استخدام البرنامج االحصائي SPSS ،واالختبارات اإلحصائية المناسبة مثل التكرارات والنسب المئوية والمتوسطات الحسابية واالنحراف المعياري الختبار الفرضيات. أظهرت نتائج هذه الدراسة: النتائج المرتفعة لمتغير نتائج الجودة على تحسن جودة الخدمات الصحية خالل وبعد االعتماد من وجهة نظر األطباء والتمريض والباحثين االجتماعين، وهذا يعني ان نظام االعتماد يعتبر أداة مهمة لتحسين جودة الخدمات الصحية، كما خلصت الدراسة الى ان أدراك العاملين لتأثير االعتماد على جودة الخدمات الصحية يتأثر بملكية المستشفى وال يتأثر بالمتغيرات الديموغرافية األخرى. اوصي ان يكون هناك دراسات أخرى لتأثير االعتماد على جودة الخدمات الصحية من وجهة نظر متلقي الخدمة. Abstract This study is aimed to investigate the Physicians, Nurses and social workers perceptions of the impact of application accreditation standards on quality of health services in Mecca region hospitals Saudi Arabia. For this purpose, the researcher has used the Descriptive Statistics method, which provides quantitative description of the individuals' persuasions, attitudes and opinions and that is by studying a sample of them. This study relies on the survey as an essential tool, which is composed of two parts: the first part is related to the demographic characteristics of the study sample, and the second part is related to the impact of the accreditation system on improving and developing the qualitative level of healthcare services in hospitals, and it consists of 56 items. The responses have been categorized into five levels on a Likert scale, starting from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). SPSS statistical analysis software has also been used for this study, as well as the proper statistical tests such as repetitions, percentages, arithmetic means, and standard deviation for hypotheses testing. The results: the high score of the variable "Quality Results" indicators that an improvement in quality during and after the accreditation process as perceived by physicians, nurses and social workers. That means accreditation is a good tool for improvement quality of healthcare services. This study also has shown that there is a significant relationship between the hospital type and the impact of accreditation on quality of health services and there is no significant effect related to the demographic variables. Recommendation: Further studies about assessing the impact of hospital accreditation on quality of health services as perceived by hospital customers are recommended.
Effect of an Educational Programme on Knowledge of Patients with Replaced Heart Valves Regarding Warfarin Therapy.
(Al Neelain University, 2017) Mohammed Khalid Hussien Khalid
Background: Since the inception of heart valve replacement surgical operations, the lives of millions of patients with damaged heart valves have been saved. However, the replaced valves constitute triggering factors for intravascular thrombosis in these patients. Thus, anticoagulation medication becomes a necessity as a lifelong management. Warfarin is one of the preferred anticoagulants in common use with the advantage of being orally administered. However, it has a narrow therapeutic range so much so that bleeding or coagulation is an easily reached complication. Therefore, the drug should be kept under tight control that depends on the measurement of international normalized ratio and monitoring of the early warning signs and symptoms. Successful management of the patient depends on the full awareness of the treating personnel and the patient as the principal stakeholder about the drug and its side effects. This goal can be achieved through patient education about the drug, which is considered in many anticoagulation systems as a part and parcel of the medical management. Objective: This study aimed at evaluates the effect of a structured educational programme on the knowledge of patients with replaced heart valves on long term Warfarin anticoagulation therapy. Methodology: This study is an interventional descriptive hospital based study with non-probability Convenience sampling One hundred and twenty five (125) patients with replaced heart valves on long term Warfarin anticoagulation therapy were enrolled in the study. the sample size collected over a period of Nine months, from June 2015 to February 2016 they divided in to Five groups, each group receive lectures and education about all aspects related to warfarin use over one week, blood sample of (INR) was collected before and after the educational programme then the participants Knowledge and attitude about different aspects of warfarin as an anticoagulant was assessed before and after the implementation of structural educational programme. . After that, the difference in knowledge was evaluated statistically through the appropriate statistical methods. Results: In the post-test, the participants’ knowledge of warfarin improved significantly compared to their knowledge in the pre-test. Conclusion: The educational programme had a significant positive impact on the participants’ knowledge of warfarin drug and the effects of its usage. It was concluded that such an educational programme should be considered as a part of patients’ management because it can significantly improve the treatment outcome with warfarin therapy.
Care Seeking Behavior and Management of Malaria among Mothers of Under-5 Children in Damazin Locality Blue Nile State 2018
(Al Neelain University, 2018) Asfa Elnour Mohammed Elfaki
Introduction: Malaria is a major public health problem and a common cause of death in the Sudan, as in other tropical countries. It remains one of the most important causes of child morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa with more than 80% of the population south of the Sahara are at risk of the disease. Objective: the overall objective of this study was to study care seeking behavior and management of malaria episodes for under-five children across Damāzīn locality in Blue Nile State to highlight the different efforts exerted to fight against under-five children morbidity and mortality. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional community-based study conducted in Damāzīn Locality, Blue Nile State. Interviews were done with deliberately selected 443 mothers from each of the target Administrative units according to the number of families with under-5 children. Data was collected by Focus Group Discussion(29) mothers and fathers in Al-Hijrah, Tabūk and Al-Nīl areas in Abū Hashīm district were included. The purpose of these Focus Group Discussions was to ascertain the perceptions, beliefs and illness experiences about malaria in under-5 children. Checklist observation was also used to validate the mothers’ behavior. The study was carried out in two phases, using both qualitative and quantitative tools for collecting data. The data were collected, processed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences programme - version 15. Results: (38.6%) of mother’s knew the main signs and symptoms of malaria, (37%) of mothers stated that convulsion was the most serious complication of malaria among under-five children. As for their knowledge about the causes of malaria, (10.4%) knew the causes. Concerning erroneous traditions, habits and beliefs, (19.2%) of the mothers left their children at home without medical care and with the use of traditional medicines and 70% use home compounds until their children’s health conditions deteriorate. Roughly (50%) of the respondent mothers believe that analgesics affected the result of Blood Film for Malaria, 30.1% of mothers delayed their child management due to inaccessibility to the health facility.39.8% of mothers with low income completed managing their children.40.1% of mothers with low income was nor, gave their children nutritional supplementary.83% of mothers in focus group discussions had just waited until the child health deteriorated. Conclusion: most of the respondents participated in delaying management due to their lack of sufficient knowledge regarding malaria signs, symptoms and treatment, and going through many options before consulting health providers. Furthermore, the low level of education, low family income, and remoteness from health facilities, habits, culture and traditions were the main factors staining mother’s practices. Most of the respondents had negative beliefs regarding the first aid of fever. Recommendations: importance of raising mother’s awareness regarding knowledge about malaria episode, complication and best management. Enhancing and encouraging collaboration and integration in malaria management.
Socio-cultural Determinants of Health-Seeking Behavior for Reproductive Health Care among Women (15-49 years) in Sharq-Alneel Locality in Sudan; 2018
(Neelain University, 2018) Samia Sayed Abdulmageed
Abstract Introduction Reproductive health has been accounted as a challenge to the health care policy makers around the globe, which has more commonly been threaten by the cultural and social forces. Socio-cultural determinants such as lack of gender equity and the low status of women in households and communities hinder women’s ability to seek reproductive health care when a complication occurs Objective To investigate the sociocultural determinants of health-seeking behavior of reproductive healthcare among Sudanese women in Sharq-Alneel locality. Methodology A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among Sudanese women in the reproductive age of (15-49) years. The study included (576) who were selected from 4 Administrative Units. A multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted to recruit a 576 women participants. A pretested face-to-face structured questionnaire composed of 64 close-ended questions was used to collect quantitative data. Data was collected by trained data collectors from the same locality. Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyze the results using SPSS version 22. Results Contraceptives use among women was 34%. Husband refusal for contraception was the highest, 65.4%, compared to other determinants. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed insignificantly different in terms of who had decision making on family planning in the family within family types, housing type, and educational level of women. About seventy one percent of women follow-up in antenatal care for more than 4 visits. In multinomial logistic regression education, number of children, family type, residence and complication were found to be significant determinants for ante-natal care visits. Determinants of home delivery versus health facility one showed women with no education were 33.5 times more likely to seek home delivery compared to those who obtained university education. Conclusion Social, cultural, and demographic factors affecting healthcare-seeking behavior towards reproductive health among Sudanese women in Sharq-Alneel locality is evident in this study. Women above age of 33 years, and had achieved high level of education demonstrated a great power in decision making for utilizing health facility for delivery and other reproductive healthcare services. Recommendations Special attention is needed at community level for health education towards culture and believes affecting reproductive health of women to promote reproductive health and improve quality of care. مستخلص البحث تعتبر الصحة الإنجابية تحديًا لصانعي سياسة الرعاية الصحية في جميع أنحاء العالم ، وتشكل القوى الثقافية والاجتماعية المحددات المؤثرة مثل عدم المساواة بين الجنسين في احقية تلقي الرعاية الصحية وانخفاض مركز المرأة في الأسر والمجتمعات مما يعوق قدرة المرأة على طلب رعاية الصحة الإنجابية عند حدوث مضاعفات. الهدف التحقيق في المحددات الاجتماعية والثقافية للسلوك الساعي للصحة في مجال الرعاية الصحية الإنجابية بين النساء السودانيات في محلية شرق النيل. المنهجية أجريت دراسة مجتمعية بين النساء السودانيات في سن الإنجاب من الخامس عشر الي التاسع واربعون عاماً. شملت الدراسة اختيار العينة من اربع وحدات إدارية. اعتمد أسلوب أخذ العينات متعددة المراحل لتوظيف خمس مائة وست وسبعون امرأة. تم استخدام استبيان منظم وجهاً لوجه يتكون من اسئلة مغاقة لجمع البيانات . تم جمع البيانات من قبل جامعي البيانات المدربين من نفس المكان. تم استخدام نماذج الانحدار اللوجستي ثنائي ومتعدد الحدود لتحليل النتائج باستخدام برنامج الاحصاء للعلوم الإجتماعية. النتائج استخدام موانع الحمل بين النساء كان اربع وثلاثون في المائة كان رفض الزوج لموانع الحمل هو الأعلى مقارنة بالمحددات الأخرى. أظهر تحليل الانحدار اللوجستي متعدد الحدود اختلافًا قليلًا من حيث من كان له اتخاذ القرار بشأن تنظيم الأسرة في الأسرة داخل أنواع الأسرة ونوع السكن والمستوى التعليمي للمرأة. حوالي سبعين في المائة من النساء يتابعن الرعاية السابقة للولادة لأكثر من اربع زيارات. في تعليم الانحدار اللوجستي متعدد الحدود ، وجد أن عدد الأطفال ونوع الأسرة والإقامة والمضاعفات محددات هامة لزيارات الرعاية السابقة للولادة. وأظهرت محددات الولادات في المنزل مقابل الولادات في المرفق الصحية أن النساء اللواتي لم يحصلن على أي تعليم كانوا أكثر احتمالا لطلب الولادة في المنازل مقارنة بالذين حصلوا على التعليم الجامعي. استنتاج اوضحت الدراسة وجود عوامل اجتماعية وثقافية وديموغرافية تؤثر على سلوك الرعاية الصحية نحو الصحة الإنجابية بين النساء السودانيات في محلية شرق النيل. أظهرت الدراسة ايضاً ان النساء فوق سن ثلاث وثلاثون عاما ، واللاتي حققن مستوى عال من التعليم قوة كبيرة في صنع القرار لاستخدام المرافق الصحية لللإستشارات في رعاية الصحة الإنجابية. توصيات التركيزعلي التثيف الصحي على مستوي المجتمع نحو الثقافة ويؤمن بأن الصحة الإنجابية للمرأة تعمل على تعزيز الصحة الإنجابية وتحسين نوعية الرعاية
Socio-cultural Determinants of Health-Seeking Behavior for Reproductive Health Care among Women (15-49 years) in Sharq-Alneel Locality in Sudan; 2018
(Al Neelain University, 2018) Samia Sayed Abdulmageed Mursi
Introduction Reproductive health has been accounted as a challenge to the health care policy makers around the globe, which has more commonly been threaten by the cultural and social forces. Socio-cultural determinants such as lack of gender equity and the low status of women in households and communities hinder women’s ability to seek reproductive health care when a complication occurs Objective To investigate the sociocultural determinants of health-seeking behavior of reproductive healthcare among Sudanese women in Sharq-Alneel locality. Methodology A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among Sudanese women in the reproductive age of (15-49) years. The study included (576) who were selected from 4 Administrative Units. A multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted to recruit a 576 women participants. A pretested face-to-face structured questionnaire composed of 64 close-ended questions was used to collect quantitative data. Data was collected by trained data collectors from the same locality. Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyze the results using SPSS version 22. Results Contraceptives use among women was 34%. Husband refusal for contraception was the highest, 65.4%, compared to other determinants. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed insignificantly different in terms of who had decision making on family planning in the family within family types, housing type, and educational level of women. About seventy one percent of women follow-up in antenatal care for more than 4 visits. In multinomial logistic regression education, number of children, family type, residence and complication were found to be significant determinants for ante-natal care visits. Determinants of home delivery versus health facility one showed women with no education were 33.5 times more likely to seek home delivery compared to those who obtained university education. Conclusion Social, cultural, and demographic factors affecting healthcare-seeking behavior towards reproductive health among Sudanese women in Sharq-Alneel locality is evident in this study. Women above age of 33 years, and had achieved high level of education demonstrated a great power in decision making for utilizing health facility for delivery and other reproductive healthcare services. Recommendations Special attention is needed at community level for health education towards culture and believes affecting reproductive health of women to promote reproductive health and improve quality of care. مستخلص البحث تعتبر الصحة الإنجابية تحديًا لصانعي سياسة الرعاية الصحية في جميع أنحاء العالم ، وتشكل القوى الثقافية والاجتماعية المحددات المؤثرة مثل عدم المساواة بين الجنسين في احقية تلقي الرعاية الصحية وانخفاض مركز المرأة في الأسر والمجتمعات مما يعوق قدرة المرأة على طلب رعاية الصحة الإنجابية عند حدوث مضاعفات. الهدف التحقيق في المحددات الاجتماعية والثقافية للسلوك الساعي للصحة في مجال الرعاية الصحية الإنجابية بين النساء السودانيات في محلية شرق النيل. المنهجية أجريت دراسة مجتمعية بين النساء السودانيات في سن الإنجاب من الخامس عشر الي التاسع واربعون عاماً. شملت الدراسة اختيار العينة من اربع وحدات إدارية. اعتمد أسلوب أخذ العينات متعددة المراحل لتوظيف خمس مائة وست وسبعون امرأة. تم استخدام استبيان منظم وجهاً لوجه يتكون من اسئلة مغاقة لجمع البيانات . تم جمع البيانات من قبل جامعي البيانات المدربين من نفس المكان. تم استخدام نماذج الانحدار اللوجستي ثنائي ومتعدد الحدود لتحليل النتائج باستخدام برنامج الاحصاء للعلوم الإجتماعية. النتائج استخدام موانع الحمل بين النساء كان اربع وثلاثون في المائة كان رفض الزوج لموانع الحمل هو الأعلى مقارنة بالمحددات الأخرى. أظهر تحليل الانحدار اللوجستي متعدد الحدود اختلافًا قليلًا من حيث من كان له اتخاذ القرار بشأن تنظيم الأسرة في الأسرة داخل أنواع الأسرة ونوع السكن والمستوى التعليمي للمرأة. حوالي سبعين في المائة من النساء يتابعن الرعاية السابقة للولادة لأكثر من اربع زيارات. في تعليم الانحدار اللوجستي متعدد الحدود ، وجد أن عدد الأطفال ونوع الأسرة والإقامة والمضاعفات محددات هامة لزيارات الرعاية السابقة للولادة. وأظهرت محددات الولادات في المنزل مقابل الولادات في المرفق الصحية أن النساء اللواتي لم يحصلن على أي تعليم كانوا أكثر احتمالا لطلب الولادة في المنازل مقارنة بالذين حصلوا على التعليم الجامعي. استنتاج اوضحت الدراسة وجود عوامل اجتماعية وثقافية وديموغرافية تؤثر على سلوك الرعاية الصحية نحو الصحة الإنجابية بين النساء السودانيات في محلية شرق النيل. أظهرت الدراسة ايضاً ان النساء فوق سن ثلاث وثلاثون عاما ، واللاتي حققن مستوى عال من التعليم قوة كبيرة في صنع القرار لاستخدام المرافق الصحية لللإستشارات في رعاية الصحة الإنجابية. توصيات التركيزعلي التثيف الصحي على مستوي المجتمع نحو الثقافة ويؤمن بأن الصحة الإنجابية للمرأة تعمل على تعزيز الصحة الإنجابية وتحسين نوعية الرعاية.
The Effect of Educational program on Women with Breast Cancer regarding Management of Acute Side Effects of Radiotherapy In National Cancer Institute NCI (Wad Madani )Gezira state 2014 - 2015
(Neelain University, 2018) Eman Yassin Ali Fadol
Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of implementing a teaching module on managing acute side effects of radiotherapy in breast cancer patients. M ethodology: This study is a quasi-experimental design (pre-test/post- test). The study sample consisted of One hundred (100) subjects’ selected using non probability Convenience sampling methods from the speciﬁed population, which comprised breast cancer patients treated with radiotherapy at radiotherapy unit of National Cancer Institute — University of Gezira. The sample size collected over a period of seven months, from June 2016 to January 2017, they received lectures and education about all aspects related to radiotherapy and it’s side effect over two week. The participants Knowledge and attitude about different aspects of radiotherapy Was assessed before and after the implementation of structural educational program. The ’[00| Of data collection: used in the present study is a structured interviewing questiormaire which was used to collect data on: l. socio- demographic characteristics; 2- pre-test and post-test based on Pender's
Determinants of Treatment Defaulting among Tuberculosis Patients- Khartoum State, Sudan-2018
(AL-Neelain University, 2018) ZINAB ELRASHID ELGAILI ALMOKASHFY
Background: Persons who default from tuberculosis treatment are at risk for clinical deterioration and complications including worsening drug resistance and death. Although tuberculosis care is provided free of charge in Sudan, a high number of patients voluntarily discontinue their treatment before the end. Treatment Default is a major obstacle in the ﬁght against the disease. The aim of the study: was to study the determinants of tuberculosis treatment default among defaulters in Khartoum (Sudan) State in order to improve treatment adherence among tuberculosis patients. Research methodology: the study was descriptive cross-sectional Facility-based study carried out on 204 defaulter patients in tuberculosis management units (Khartoum State (Sudan). A standardized administered questionnaire was used the data was collected by the researcher and three data collectors. Pre-test was canied out. The data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 20. Results: In age between 20-40 years (58.8% of sample), Men (68.1%) were more likely to be non-adherent than women (31.9 %). Patients residing in urban areas constitute 74% of the sample. There was a statistically signiﬁcant association between the Patients feelings of being stigmatized versus psychological family support (P value 0.000). There was a statistically signiﬁcant association between patients feeling of being stigmatized and commitment to visits scheduled by the doctors (P-value 0.02). On the other hand, there was association (P value=.016) between commitment to visits scheduled versus the doctor and ﬁnancial problems. Long duration of treatment was considered the reason of default among 64.2% of the defaulters. Period of discontinuation of treatment among patients was more common in the early months from the beginning of treatment 81.9%. 60.8% of participants had Knowledge about complication of non-treatment adherence and the rest were no. regard to Previous Knowledge of pts about complication of not adherence of TB treatment,29% spread of the disease to other, 62.9% the body resistance to treatment, 2.4% increasing the cost of treatment, 2.4% major side effects and 3.2% spread of the disease to others- the body resistance to treatment of participants Previous Knowledge about complication of defaulting TB treatment. Conclusion: two third of defaulters proximately In ages between 20-40 , men were more likely to be non-adherent than women .Patients residing in urban areas constitute. There was a statistically signiﬁcant association between the patient feelings of being stigmatized by psychological family support (P value 0.000). There was a statistically signiﬁcant association between patients feeling of being stigmatized versus commitment to visits scheduled by the doctors (P-value 0.02).. Period of discontinuation of treatment among patients was more common in the early months from the beginning of treatment . two third of participants had Knowledge about complication of non-treatment adherence and the rest were no. regard to Previous Knowledge of pts about complication of not adherence of TB treatment ,most of patients proximately mentions one complication. Recommendations: the necessity of early health education and counseling for patients, their families and all members of the community about the importance of taking the full dose of tuberculosis treatment and explaining the complications of defaulting treatment; we should also explain the modes of transmission to reduce the stigma and improve the economic status of patients in order to decrease the rate of default.
Risk Factors For Depression Among Medical Personnel Working at Governmental Health Facilities in Alhasahesa City, Sudan
(Al Neelain University, 2018) Intisar Elshiekh Mohammed
Background: Healthcare workers are exposed to a higher risk of depressive disorders than the general population related to their working conditions which may succumb them to some clinical depression. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors of depression among governmental healthcare workers in Alhasahesa city, Sudan. Methodology: This is a descriptive hospital-based study with stratified random sampling, conducted among governmental healthcare workers. The study enrolled 208 participants, included both gender; their ages ranged between 20 to 59 years. The study variables included sociodemographic factors, work related factors and health factors . The required data was collected by predesigned questionnaire in addition to two scales (Beck's Scale for depression and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD,s Scale) . Data was analyzed using Medical Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22. Results: The participants were 208 governmental healthcare workers, 123 (59.1%) of them were females and 85 (40.9%) were males their age ranging between 20 and 59 years. According to Beck scale of depression, (77.9%) of participants were normal while (51.0%) were normal in hospital anxiety and depression scale. On the other hand, hospital anxiety and depression scale showed a variation between depression risk factors association. Moreover; the study reflected that socio demographic factors such gender, age, and marital status, daily working hours, work relations had insignificances association among risk factors of depression. Work related variables including job, academic qualifications job satisfaction, working conditions and years of employment were found to be significantly as risk factors for depression. 64.4% of participants were optimistic towards the future. Conclusion: The governmental healthcare workers in Alhasahesa city were exposed to considerable risk factors of depression. Entire results deduced by Beck’ scale of depression showed that job variable have significant association as risk factor for depression between tested variables. 22.1% of the study population have variable level of depression ranging from mild to severe according to Beck scale while 41% suffering from depression according to hospital anxiety and depression scale . The study emphasizes on much attention and further studies needs to be done to alleviate the negative impact of the risk factors of depression among this study population