رامي محمد احمد بابكر2017-12-032017-12-032015http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/8726Abstract The study aimed to evaluate the "economics and impacts of the production relationships and efficiency in Gezira project. The project is considered as the mainstay of the Sudanese economy and contributes in the Gross Domestic Production with products of cash and food crops. However, it is currently suffering of weakness in production and lack of optimal utilization of its material and human resources. The high costs of production is considered as a cardinal reason for agricultural obstacles which leads to minimizing cultivated areas and lower productive efficiency. That leads to the current situation of the Gezira project. Therefore, whatever resulted in its decadence requires solutions and reforms that extend to the infrastructure and financial resources in its institutional structure. The study’s conceptual framework was built on the hypotheses that: productivity and crops’ outputs are negatively affected by the joint account relationships. However, in the individual account case the annual income was positive with the individual account and complied with the production costs. Moreover, production relationships in the individual account were positively impacted and had positive effects on annual income. The study depended on Secondary data collected from the Gezira scheme administration, Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of finance for the background assessment. Whereas, primary data were collected by designed questionnaire that were distributed on farmers who were marked by stratified sampling. Data were statistically analyzed and reached the following results: 1. Productivity and income from crops under the joint account production relationships are negative affected (Beta= -0.729) 2. Agricultural annual income pertains to the costs of cultivation and has positive and significant effects in the case of individual account (Beta= 0.103).~ eAgrieulturaI-finance-has~positive—effect*on agricultural annual income in production relationships under individual account (Beta= 0.056).الاقتصاد السودانيالتنمية الإقتصاديةThesis