الوجود العثماني في مكة المكرمة (923 هـ - 973 هـ - 1517 م - 1566 م)

Abstract

ABSTRACT In the name of/1/lah the /l//GI‘C1fiI/ the Compassionate Praised be to Allah with the help of Whom we accomplish the works and peace be upon His Messenger sent to the entire worlds. The present reach is entitled ‘the Uthmanian Presence in the Holy Mekka ‘1\'\'l-I-‘\\’\'l~l i.e. \°\\'-\°'l"l'. The present abstract summarizes the main themes of my research composed of live chapters and each chapter contains some sub chapters. The research tackles generally the history ol‘ the Uthmanian, their tribal links, the causes of’ their migration from their homeland to the lslamic Morocco and their long and difficult combats in order to establish a State based on the principles and the jurisprudence in accordance with the Sunna and those of the entire community. The researcher also tackled the reasons of the phases of the foundation of that State as well as the those which pushed them to direct their conquest towards the Arab countries from the Atlantic ocean to the Gulf instead of continuing them towards Europe. The dangers encircling the lslamic and Arab World from the Crusaders and Safawi were focused on, as well as the wars launched by the Uthmanian State until controlling the Arab World: in lraq, Shamm (Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine), Egypt and the Hijaz (South ol‘ Arabia), plus Morocco and their wars in the Mediterranean against the Spanish. The researcher developed, in details, the Uthmanian etTorts exerted by the two noble Sultans (Salim the \“" son of Abayzeed and Suleiman the Canonical son ot‘Salim) in their organizing ofthe political, economic and social situations in the region of the Two Holy Masjeeds, especially the l-loly Mekka. The researcher developed as well their etTorts exerted in enlarging the Two Holy Masjeed, covering the Holy edifice (Kaaba) with high black silk curtain. The researcher tackled also the lormer extensions performed to Holy Masjeed through the periods of the lslamic States. The researcher also tackled the economic situations to which exposed the l-loly Mekka trough the lslamic periods until the Uthmanian State era. He focused on the economic situation to which the l-loly Mekka exposed mainly after the death of Sultan Suleiman the Canonical. The research contains a conclusion in which the researcher pointed out the results obtained and a list of the references (bibliography) that helped the researcher in his study. The researcher: Abdullah Abdurrahman Alloosh