الاثار الاقتصادية المترتبة على التكامل العربي دراسة تطبيقية على منطقة التجارة الحرة العربية الكبرى البافتا 1998 - 2018

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study analyzed the economic effects of Arab integration, an applied study on the Greater Arab Free Trade Area during the period 1998 to 2018, the reality and challenges of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area. The problem was to measure the economic effects of Arab economic integration and branched out questions about the economic effects of each of the detailed Arab rules of origin on agricultural and industrial commodities as well as what are the economic effects of the Arab Agreement for the Liberalization of Trade in Services among Arab States. The study targeted the mechanisms for accomplishing the requirements for the completion of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, which includes agreements on Arab rules of origin and services, which are considered an existing problem within the Arab negotiation and there are justifications and reasons for the completion of its requirements as an important stage of Arab economic integration, and a way to develop and build the economic structures of Arab countries. Therefore, the study focused on the legislative and institutional system of Arab institutions in the field of Arab economic integration and addressed the framework of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area its reality and the challenges facing agricultural and industrial goods not agreed upon by the rules of Arab origin and the review of the results of the questionnaire for a group of Arab companies working in the field of trade and transport, including customs restrictions and non-tariff restrictions, including technical, administrative and financial restrictions, in addition to the obstacles of Arab e-commerce. The study used the descriptive approach as it relied on the presentation and analysis of economic realities through trade-related statistical data tables and its trends and historical approach have been focused on analyzing the results and data of historical "trade" agreements and using them in this study to derive conclusions and recommendations after analyzing their effects on trade. The study reached the results, the most important of which is that there is a flaw in the framework of the legislative institutions of the Arab conventions, including the elements of efficiency of the institutional framework, and it was found through the study there are justifications (based on figures and detailed data) provided by the Arab countries to justify their negotiating positions on the detailed rules of origin of the items of the list (3), that there is no optimal or satisfactory rule to determine the origin of all goods and meet all the needs and from this point of view, the best solution requires that the adopted standards be proportionate and in line with the production capacity of customers Economists in the countries concerned, benefiting from regional and international experiences as the rules of origin are adopted according to the degree of development and integration into the economic sectors. The study recommended one of its most important recommendations that the institutional framework include the necessary mechanisms to achieve the objectives set, and the Arab countries should take the initiative to take a number of measures to ensure the effective and easy application of the detailed Arab rules of origin, determine the percentages of the rules on the basis of added value as well as submit proposals and mechanisms that can achieve consensus on the rules of origin of the list (2) and (3), activate Arab cooperation in both the tourism sector, the ICT sector and the construction sector