Oculomotor nerve Palsy in Sudanese People at Makah Eye Complex & Hospital (2013 - 2014)

Abstract

Abstract

Introduction

Vision is the most important of the human senses. Most of

our perception of the environment around us comes

through our eyes. Our visual system is capable of adapting

to extreme changes in light intensity to allow us to see

clearly; it is also capable of color discrimination and depth

perception. The organ of vision is the eye and accessory

structures are the eyelids, lacrimal glands, and extrinsic

eye muscles.

The extraocular muscles are innervated by three of cranial

nerves, these are: oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), and

abducens (VI) nerves. Because of this differential

innervations of the ocular muscles, the pattern of their

involvement in pathologic conditions can help to

distinguish a disorder of the ocular muscles per se from a

disorder that affects a cranial nerve. Cranial nerves that

control eye movement traverse long distances to pass from

the brainstem to the eye; they are thereby rendered

vulnerable to injury by a variety of pathologic processes.

The oculomotor nerve supplies the medial rectus, superior

and inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscle and carries

fibers to the levator palpebrae superioris (which raises the

eyelid). It also supplies the parasympathetic fibers

responsible for pupillary constriction. With a complete

nerve III lesion, the eye is partially abducted and there is

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an inability to adduct, elevate, and depress the eye; the

eyelid drops (ptosis), and the pupil is non reactive.

Material and Methods

This study was descriptive retrospective study, so the data

collected from the patient’s reports from the archive of the

Makkah eye complex and hospital. 85 cases of oculomotor

nerve palsy which were available at the Makkah Hospital in

period from 2013 to April 2014.

This study was approved by the ethical and technical

committee (IRP) of faculty of medicine and health sciences,

Alneelain university.

Written consents were obtained from the administrative

bodies of the Makaa Eye hospitals from where samples

were recruited.

Data of the study were analyzed using statistical social

package software (SPSS).

Results

Study population distributions according to Site of

oculomotor nerve palsy, all the study population

determined interracially oculomotor nerve lesion. The

medium of age of study population was 21.45 that meaning

it ranging between 11 to 31 years old

Discussion and conclusion

The mean (medium) of age of study population was 21.45,

that means the patients age ranging between 11 &

31years old, that explain the difficult diagnose of children

under ten years old, because it very hard to communicate

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with them specially in examination techniques, this

findings are similar to results of these studies ( Janet C.

Rucker , his study was aabout Oculomotor Disorders, Kim,

J K Kang, S A Lee and M C Lee which their study (isolated

or predominant oculomotor nerve palsy as a manifestation

of brain stem), so it should be ensure that the new burns

must be examine and testing by pediatrics after birth at

hospitals and by parents at homes; to avoid, protect, and

treatment eyes

disorder and diseases .