Assessment of Hydrogeological Characteristics & Groundwater Potentiality in Daralsalam Area North Darfur State, Sudan

Abstract

ABSTRACT Daralasalam area is located laid at 12°:30' -14":30' N and 24°:30'-26°:20' E, covering (10266 kmz), characterized by undulated surface, arid to semi- arid, average rainfall (300-195 mm), temperature (11.0 C° — 42.0 C °), relative humidity (30% - 58%) inhabited by (133782 persons) rely on groundwater. The study objectives are to assess the Hydro geological characteristics and evaluate the groundwater potentialities in Daralasalam —North Darfur in Sudan. The geomorphologic , meteorological, hydrological and hydrogeological, hydrochemical and geological data, Supported by geophysics, land Sat imagery for structural analysis map were collected through field reconnaissance, surveys and office works and analysed by Land Sat imagery maps enhancement ,GIS techniques, Surfer, C0relDraw soflware —Ph0to Paint, 1Pi2win, Aquitest, AquaChem, and MODFLOW2000 for Ground water Modeling. Geologically it comprises of basement complex, Cretaceous Nubian sandstone rocks greater than (371.0 m) thick, intercalated with basaltic in Shagra and overlain by superficial deposits .Hydro geologically it consists of Unconfined cretaceous Nubian sandstone aquifers of maximum hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity was (5.112 m/day) and ( 104.976 m2/day) respectively as the specific yield and the storativity were (45.4%) and (9.54x 105) respectively. In leaky confined aquifers of basement rocks overlain by alluvial aquifers the maximum hydraulic conductivity was (9.306 m/day) and storativity is (7.63x10' ).Chemically it is High TDS , EC, hard , fit for drinking but poor suitability for irrigation because of high SAR, Na%, EC, and the C2 Sodium Hazardous. The subsurface flow was (24 M m3/year) against abstraction of (1 1M m3 /year) while annual balance was (703.oMm3) and the safe yield was (354130 M m3/year) in Daralasalam area. The Groundwater Modeling in Shagra basin revealed (175.4 M m3) inflow, (3.9X 105 m3) out flow to balance (l35.7X 105 ma ) during (455days).The assessment recommended for effective use ensuring safe yield for the current and next generation