التنمية السياسية والتغيير الاجتماعي في السودان : دراسة في محددات التركيبة الإجتماعية والإقتصادية للسلطة السياسية

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study is an analysis of the socio-economic structure of political power in the Sudan. It focuses in particular on the ethnic composition and stratification of the post-independence governments. The problem of the study included two dimensions, one, examinesand discusses the reasons for the relative persistence of ethnic and class in this configuration, despite the change in the fonns of government and constitutional structures and the structures of power and also in spite of the failure of these governments in accomplishing the tasks of nation building, and the second dimension deals with the formulation of general principles for political development in Sudan in the light of the discussion of results of the first dimension. Based on the premise that the study of the historical dimension and the nature of the relations of production, play a major role in the persistence of this premise. The study has used a number of research approaches when discussing the topic as historical and descriptive and analytical approaches as well as statistical method for the racial classifications and class analyses, especially in the context of the having decision~making process, this study has adopted a number of sources in addition to the previous studies a large number of primary sources. Results of the study have confirmed that the relative stability in the ethnic composition and class of the political power is the result of the inability of political system to bring about positive changes in the structures of power and economy in spite of the need, where the deficit is attributable to two main factors, first is the conflict with economic interests and social status of the forces of the power alliances, because it has been shown in the parliamentary periods, and ih the same context, the military governments can not change that because of the Weakness of its alliances and its inability to undermine the interests of conventional forces are always driven by the imperatives of securing power and the desire to continue the alliance with the same force which opposes change because its rule depends on the interests of these groups. The second reason is linked to the historical dimensions, nature of the Sudanese economy, the nature of the relations of production and the movement of private capital with the central support of the dominance of the Arabi zed groups, that have the control of the economy.