أثر اتفاقيات منظمة التجارة العالمية علي صناعة الأدوية في السودان

Abstract

Abstract - The study deals with the subject of the Impact of the World Trade Organization agreements on the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan, and the problem is study the implications of the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan by the application of the WTO agreements especially with regard to the protection of intellectual property rights. ' The study aimed to find out the study and analysis of intemational trade agreements (GATT, WTO), particularly with regard to the protection of the rights of trade-related intellectual property (TRIPS), and the impact of the application of these agreements on the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan. The most important hypotheses addressed by the study is that financing, raw materials a nd de mand f or m edicines manufactured 1 ocally d oes not affect significantly the production of medicines in Sudan, the independent variables (the number of factories and population) is not a significant effect on the production of medicines in Sudan, influenced by the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan, a positive result of the application of the WTO Agreements, influenced by the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan, a negative result of the application of the WTO agreements. To achieve the objectives of the study the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach, where he designed a questionnaire was distributed to pharmaceutical factories and relevant industry medicines in Sudan, using the S tatistical P ackage for the S ocial S ciences, SPSS data analysis through the use of tools descriptive statistics and analytical methods to test and prove the hypotheses. Also relied on Secondary data of books, periodicals, journals and publications, theses, in a review of the literature on the subject of the study. The study found several results of the most important factors are independent (finance, raw material demand for drugs, and the number of the population),'have the ability to explain the variation in the changes that have occurred over the worker's (local production) for the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan, and there are some positive effects of the application of items WTO Agreement on the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan is to provide great opportunities for exports of medicines and force to the markets of foreign countries, and that the application of Conventions World Trade Organization, especially with regard to the Convention on the Rights of intellectual property will result in a rise in the prices of medicines produced locally due to pay the cost of the rights to owners patents, or disrupt some production lines or the stoppage of production of certain

varieties drug that is not purchased the rights of its patents, and the decline of production pharmacological local, and lack of capital invested in the pharmaceutical industry in Sudan, and the multiplicity of factories and the similarity of their products and the lack of spending in research and development, which weakens their ability competitive agreements and meet the requirements of the protection of intellectual property rights relating to trade TRIPS.