السلطات العامة في الدستور التشادى دراسة مقارنة بالدستور السودانى

Abstract

RESEARSH SUMMARY GENERAL AUTHORITIES OF THE CONSTITUTION OF CHAD IN COMPARISON WITH THE CONSTITUTION OF THESUDAN Starting with the above-mentioned address, with whichl have tried to symbolize the study, which includes four chapters. The research is based on a study of the present constitutional system of Sudan and Chad (1996-1998) in comparison with the previous constitutions in botl1 countries, which included the constitution of Chad for the years: 1962-1987-1989 as well as the constitution of the Sudan for the years: 1956-1964-1973-1985. Before going into the deep derails, I would like to state that the phrase {General Authorities} means the three major authorities of the state: legislative, executive and judiciary authorities as agreed upon by all judicial experts. As a prelude, I have also included a preface chapter of the study pertaining to the explanation and identification of the concept of the constitution and the general authorities derived from it as well as the principal of separation of powers and authorities. It also included a historical review of the development of the governmental system in Chad throughout the past years. On the light of the above, I have divided the study into four chapters as stated below: - FIRST CHAPTER A _ Dedicated to the study of the concept of the legislative authority and was divided into two parts: the first parts consist of a detailed study of the legislative authority in Chad in relation to the specialty and membership. In the second part, I have

explained the legislative authority in Sudan in relation to its membership and specialty as well. SECOND CHAPTER This chapter is dedicated to the study of the executive authority and its concept and is divided into two separate parts: the first part is pertaining to the study of the executive authority in Chive ad in relation to its membership and specialty as well. In the second part, I have explained the executive authority in Sudan in relation to its membership and specialty. THIRD CHAPTER This chapter consists of two separate studies about the relation between the legislative and the executive authority in Chad as well as Sudan, each in a separate part. FOURTH CHAPTER This chapter was dedicated to the study of the judicial authority as a part of the three major authorities of the state. It was also divided into two separate parts, the first part is a detailed study about the judicial authority in Chad in relation to itsiformation and independence. In the second part is a study about the judicial authority in the Sudan in relation to its formation and independence as well. In the end, I have concluded my study with a summary of the findings, suggestions and recommendations hoping that it will become of good use and that both the countries will benefit from its contents.