الحركة الاسلامية في السودان : تجربة الانتقال الي السلطة (1989 - 2001م)

Abstract

Abstract This study is about Islamic movement in Sudan. It concerns, specifically, the part of its history between 1989 and 2001, after its transference to power. The democratic period in Sudan between 1986 and 1989 was distinguished by fragmentation, and at times complete disintegration, lack ofbeing safe and secure, and the result of all that was instability. All what was described above paved the way to a successful coupd’etat that occurred in 30 June 1989, in a movement which was known, afterwards, as National Salvation Revolution. During its early days (N.S.R) leaders commanded the loyalties of their citizens and had the capacity to conscript manpower to defend the regime, and almost the decisions made were implemented through the government machinery. The (N.S.R) was facing the problems of economical development, social reforms, and political stability, and behind all that the war in the southern region, when it fell under the pressure of the opposers, neighbouring countries, and over and above, western countries like Britain and America. . When civilians were controlling over militants, there was a high degree of popular participation in public affairs, but after a time matters got different. Policies were changed, conditions were also changed. The economic inequality between the rich and the poor have been increasing, though the rate of growth in percapita national income have been increasing. The remorseless tendencies for the gap broaden. The most important fact may be that the Islamic movement in Sudan after its transference to power, failed to face the problems of managing the state united. After one deade of experience in power, the Islamic movement was separated into two parties. Every one of the two parties made great effort intentionally to weaken the other, and consequently, the Islamic movement got Weaker than it had been. The inability of the Islamic movement to control the conflict, affected not only the two parties, but, the whole society. There was a lack of civil morale and public spirit, and political institutions capable of giving meaning and direction to the public interest. Not political development but, political decay dominated the scene.