استخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية في ترسيم الدوائر الانتخابية (دراسة حالة ولاية الخرطوم)

Abstract

Abstract Sudan witnesses of shifts quality in all fields has made up for it effort is great for advancing development, including the executive, administrative and sovereign where it has established authority handles tasks and organize their affairs represented by the President and the governor and members of the National Assembly, despite the population growth and architectural development increased state and be followed by changes in spatial and demographic the circles electoral method divided in previous elections have not undergone renovation or development, as well as no techniques of geographical application about it and proven in different parts of the world; process of demarcation of constituency boundaries, dynamic process need to be reformulated periodically so as to shift data demarcated at intervals of successive, altering the border linked Climate data such as the political system and electoral system of the state or the equality of the population'or the number of voters as well as the administrative division of the region and their natural conditions, so the aim of this research to employ GIS technique to ensure. the quality of representation in the process of demarcation of constituency boundaries for the presidency and the governor and members of the National Assembly and by applying the criteria that'check parity with each other and reveal the optimal ranges of its borders. . _ The technology can be a very effective tool for thedemarcation of the border in the-conduct of the election, or the redistribution of electoral boundaries. And can use the advanced ' mapping technology in particular, such as Geographic information Systems (GIS), as well as database software, by the institutions of the electoral administration to help in the process of demarcation of electoral boundaries. Can be divided demarcation process of the electoral process into two categories: determining political boundaries (such as national boundaries), and determine the administrative boundaries (such as the limits of voting stations).