submitted for PhD Degree in Optometry and Visual Sciences

Abstract

Abstract This study is considered to be the first study in Sudan, work was carried out to discover what "Helium-Neon" and "Diode" lasers could possibly be affect Extraocular muscles. The process is generally known as low level laser therapy "LLLT". The research question that imposes itself is that “Can LLLT. Strengthen the extraocular muscle or weaken a strong one? "To check this hypothesis (8) rabbits of the class mammalian were taken for the experimental work in 3 laboratories. Three rabbits were excluded before, from experimentation because their muscles were only exposed to irradiation to gain some experience in the use of He-Ne and diode lasers. Five muscles in each eye were irradiated and the other un-irradiated muscles were kept as a control sample.Both groups (96) muscles were servedand (postmortem) and prepared histological examination under the microscope and spectrometry. The final results had shown that exposures to (LLLT.) can strengthen the muscle by means of contraction, the frequent of increasing energy of the muscles was 95%.and also the muscles cells rearranging , but it can not weaken a strong one. Key words: extraocular muscles , laser, laser tissue inter action