الاتجاهات النفسية نحو واقع الأحزاب والحركات السياسية لدى طلاب وطالبات الجامعة الاسلامية وجامعة الازهر بقطاع غزة

Abstract

Abstract This study aimed at investigating the psychological attitudes of the students of the Islamic University and AlAzhar UniversityinGhaza Strip towards the situation of the parties and political movements, according to the following variables: gender (male/female), university (Islamic/Al Azhar), faculty, educational level (first, second, third, forth), residence (city, village, camp), and the political direction which the student empathizes with (Fath, Hamas, etc.) The researcher used the descriptive-analytical method, and the population of the study was represented in the students (males/females) of the two universities in Ghaza Strip (Islamic/Al Azhar), who are registered in the university for the second semester of the academic year 2001-2002. The size of the sample was (875) students (males/females) chosen by a simple random method, representing 5.3 % of the total number of each faculty. The study tools were represented in the primary information questiormaire and the scale of psychological attitudes of students of the Islamic and Al Azhar universities in Ghaza strip towards the situation of the parties and political movements, prepared by the researcher. Concerning the statistical treatments, the researcher used the following statistical tests: 1- Signal Test. 2- Mann — Whitney Test. 3- Crouskal Wallis Test. 4- Spearman Correlation Coefficient. According to this, the study reached to the following results: 1) The attitudes of the students of the Islamic and Al Azhar universities in Ghaza Strip towards the situation of the parties and political movements, which they empathize with, are statistically positive.

2) There are no statistically significant differences in the attitudes between the students of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and political movements which they empathize with, according to gender p (male/female) in the two dimensions of (parties and political movements principles/leadership and organization), whereas there are statistically significant differences between the attitudes of the students (males and females) of the study sample towards the situation of the. parties and political movements which they empathize with in the two dimensions (relation with the society and relation with others) infavor of females. 3) There are no statistically significant differencesinattitudes between the students of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and political movements which they empathize with, according to the faculty (scientific/theoretical) in three dimensions of the scale (parties and political movements principles, leadership and organization, relation with others), whereas there are statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the students of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and political movements which they empathize with, according to the faculty (scientific/theoretical) in the dimension of relation with the society infavor of the theoretical faculties. 4) There are statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the students (males/females) of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and political movement which they empathize with, according to the university they study in (Islamic/Al Azhar) infavor of the students of the Islamic University in all dimensions of the scale. 5) There are no statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the students of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and political movements which they empathize with, according to the educationallevel (first, second, third, forth) in all dimensions of the scale. 6) There are statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the students of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and

political movements which they empathize with, according to the political direction (Fath, Hamas, etc.) for Hamas and Al-Jehad Al-Islamy (Islamic Jehad) in three dimensions of the scale (parties and political movements principles — leadership and organization — relation with society), whereas there are statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the students of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and political movements which they empathize with, according to political direction (Hamas, Fath, etc.) infavor of the neutrals in the dimension of the (relation with others). 7) There are no statistically significant differences in the attitudes of the students of the study sample towards the situation of the parties and political movements which they empathize with, according to the residence (city/village/camp), in all Scale dimensions. The researcher presented, At the end of study, a number of recommendations as well as a number of suggestions for future studies in the sarne field.