SOCIO-PRAGMATIC APPROACH OF COMMISSIVE SPEECH ACT VERBS IN TWO NOVELS TO LIGHT HOUSE BY VIRGINA WOOLF AND COLOR PURPLE BY ALICE WALKER

Abstract

ABSTRACT Commissive speech acts are presented in almost all languages .They are considered as the most important aspects of maintaining social relationships between interlocutors in any context. These verbs can be applied for different fields of life such as social, religious, political speech as well as literary works, they can be implemented explicitly or implicitly. Although, there are a lot of ambiguities that can be raised with these verbs because there will be different cultures in applying different types of commissive verbs, and the best way to clarify this problem is to analyze the text pragmatically(sociopragmatically). Within present study the analyzes of explicit and implicit commissive speech act verbs such as (promise, threat, guarantee, pledge…ect) in some selected novels will be analyzed. Texts will be analyzed on three levels, structural level, sociolinguistic level as well as pragmatic level. Researcher will investigate commissive speech act verbs in two selected novels , they represent two different cultures, Black and white American culture , in order to explain different attitudes presented in these two different cultures. He also attempts to reveal the overlapping of these verbs within literary works, to suit the objective of the work, this study attempts to make some modifications to John Searle’s Felicity Conditions as well the semantic roles for these verbs, through extracting semantic roles of Speech Acts of these verbs that implemented by John Searle. Commissive speech act verbs are in complementary distribution and we cannot separate between them. ))

(( Present study proposes the following hypotheses: 1.There are different types of (SAs) including: promise, threat ,guarantee , pledge…ect, some of these verbs have greater effect than others. For example, pledge has greater effect than other commissive speech act verbs. 2.Commissive speech act verbs can be implemented through indirect illocutionary act more than direct illocutionary acts within selected novels)). ((In order to investigate the validity of these hypotheses, theoretical and practical analyses have been adopted. Theoretical part investigates pragmatic aspects and structural issues of these acts as well as their Felicity Conditions, while the practical part tackles the analyzing two selected novels and assigning commissive verbs . 3.Examining how socio-pragmatics strategies are implemented through theories of politeness, implicature as well as speech act theory in creating the meaning of commissive speech act verbs mainly in these two novels. 4.Investigating other commissives speech act verbs than respect for the commissive speech act verbs that existed within these two novels. ((The findings of this study prove the validity of the aforementioned hypotheses. Accordingly, number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions put forward. However, commissives are tackled socio-pragmatically of analyzing two selected novels “color purple by Alice walker’ and “To the light house” by Virginia Woolf Through descriptive analytical approach. الملخص: يتم عرض أعمال الكلام التبادلي بجميع اللغات تقريبًا، وتعتبر أهم جوانب الحفاظ على العلاقات الاجتماعية بين المحاورين في أي سياق. يمكن تطبيق هذه الأفعال على مجالات مختلفة من الحياة مثل الخطاب الاجتماعي والديني والسياسي وكذلك الأعمال الأدبية ، ويمكن تنفيذها بشكل صريح أو ضمني. على الرغم من أن هناك الكثير من أوجه الغموض التي يمكن أن تثار مع هذه الأفعال لأنه سيكون هناك ثقافات مختلفة في تطبيق أنواع مختلفة من الأفعال التبادلية ، وأفضل طريقة لتوضيح هذه المشكلة هي تحليل النص بشكل عملي (اجتماعيًا). ضمن الدراسة الحالية ، سوف أقوم بتحليل أفعال فعل الكلام الصريح والضمني مثل (الوعد ، التهديد ، الضمان ، التعهد ... إلخ) في بعض الروايات المختارة. سيتم تحليل النصوص على ثلاثة مستويات ، المستوى النحوي ، المستوى اللغوي الاجتماعي وكذلك المستوى الدلالي. لغة تحقق في أفعال الكلام الكلامية في روايتين مختارين ، تمثلان ثقافتين مختلفتين ، الثقافة الأمريكية بالأبيض والأسود ، من أجل شرح المواقف المختلفة المقدمة في هاتين الثقافتين المختلفتين. كما يحاول الكشف عن تداخل هذه الأفعال في الأعمال الأدبية. لتتناسب مع هدف العمل ، تحاول هذه الدراسة إجراء بعض التعديلات على شروط فيليسيتي لجون سيرل ، وكذلك الأدوار الدلالية لهذه الأفعال ، من خلال استخراج الأدوار الدلالية لأفعال الكلام لهذه الأفعال التي نفذها جون سيرل. الأفعال الفعل, الكلام في التوزيع التكميلي ونحن لا يمكن الفصل بينهما .