Potential effect of Wound Healing by Withania Somnifera (L.)(Leaves Extracts) in Experimental Male Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Withania somnifera (L.) is one of the important medicinal plants and have a wide range of medicinal properties and bioactive compounds. The present study aimed to investigate chemical profile and wound healing activity of methanol: choloroform(1:1) extract of Withania somnifera leaves on coetaneous wounds in the experimental male rats model. Methods: Phytochemical screening for methanol: choloroform (1:1) extract of A Withania somnifera leaf was carried out using different standard methods to show the chemical profile of active components in extract. Wound healing assay: Twenty rats were randomly divided into four group each group contain five animals. The first group was left without treatment (control group), the second was treated with Povidone iodine (standard drug), the third group received 100 mg concentration of methanol: chloroform extract of W. somnifera and the forth group received 200 mg concentration of methanol: chloroform extract of W. somnifera. The wounds in the control and experimental groups were treated topically twice daily. The area of wounds was measured every day, from the first day to 12th day. Results: The results present study revealed that Phytochemical screening for methanol: chloroform (1:1) extract of Withania somnifera leaves indicated the presence of various phytoconistituants like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids and steroids.

I application of methanol: chloroform (1:1) extract of W. somnifera leaves at two concentrations 100 and 200 mg improved wound healing at all times beginning from first day of treatment to 9th day when the wounds were completely healed compare to wounds treated with standard drug (Povidone iodine) which were not completely healed after 12th day of treatment. Therefore methanol: chloroform (1:1) extract of W. somnifera leaves at two concentrations 100 and 200 mg showed significantly wound healing activity more than that of Povidone iodine (p<0.05). The concentration of 200 mg from extract showed high significant of wound healing was not significantly compare to the effect of 100 mg of extract (p<0.05). Conclusion: Methanol: chloroform (1:1) extract of W. somnifera leaves at two concentrations 100 and 200 mg showed significantly wound healing activity in experimental rats model more than that of Povidone iodine (p<0.05) Recommendations: recommended to use of this extract as complementary source of natural wound healing which might be utilized for pharmacological scale preparations. And it needs further studies to know more about properties for this plant.