Anatomical variations of the bifurcation levels of the common carotid artery and superior thyroid artery among Sudanese cadavers

Abstract

Background: The relation of the common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation to its surrounding structures is not well described among Sudanese population. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the CCA bifurcation relative to its surrounding structures. Method: A total of 64 common carotid artery specimens from 32 embalmed cadavers were observed. Results: CCA bifurcation occurred at the superior border of thyroid cartilage in 46.9% and at the body of the hyoid bone in 40.6% of specimens. The superior thyroid artery arose more commonly from the ECA (65.6%) than the bifurcation of the common carotid artery (32.8%). Conclusion: The CCA bifurcation mainly observed at the level of the superior border of thyroid cartilage. The presence of a high CCA bifurcation should inlight surgeons that the STA may originate from the bifurcation itself or even the CCA. Preoperative documentation of the level of the CCA bifurcation may be helpful in identifying those patients who are at increased risk of accidental injury.