Masters theses : Optics

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.neelain.edu.sd/handle/123456789/614

Browse

Filters

2009 - 200912010 - 20171

Settings

Subject: search.filters.subject.Refractive Errors

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalence of Refractive Errors among Primary School Children at Omdurman Locality
    (Neelain University, 2017) Fatiman Khidirn Saleem Mohammed
    Abstract Preface: Refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism) affect the whole spectnim of the population irrespective of age, gender, and race. Such refractive errors can be easily diagnosed, measured and corrected with glasses or other refractive corrections to attain nonnal vision. Aims: this study aimed to find out the prevalence of the refractive error among primary school pupil at Omdurman locality. Material and Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study, a total of 3014 subjects (6028 eyes) were screened consecutively studied in a period from March to June 2016 at Omdurman locality, Sudan. A total of 1510 (49.6%) were males and 1522 (50.4%) were females their age ranged between 6-15 with a mean of 10.25i2.63 years. Visual acuity examined using Snellen’s chart and refractive state was measured using autorefractometer, measurements of binocular abnormalities were taken using cover test and outer eye examined carried using Torch and loop. Data analyzed using SPSS software for windows (IBM SPSS 16, IBM Corp., Annonk, NY). Results: Eighty nine percent of total pupils had best unaided visual acuity of 1.0 (6/6) in right eye and left eye. The study revealed a significant improvement of vision that achieved after correction in right eye reached 1.0 (6/6) in 202 (6.7%) pupils and LE 212 (7%) (t -25.1 P 0.000) (r 0.495 P< 0.001), 10% ofthe pupil had refractive errors, 9% suffering from eye diseases, 14% of the pupils had binocular anomalies Spearman‘s correlation (r -0.262 P <0.001). Conclusion: Refractive errors among pupils are a common problem in school age children and they should be screened at least once in their stay in the elementary school. Keywords: Visual acuity, refractive error, binocular anomalies, primary school children.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Refractive Errors among HIV Patients
    (AL-Neelain University, 2009) Abdullah Hussan Hassan Ahmed
    Abstract This research aimed to detect the refractive errors among HIV patients, and to evaluate the association of visual failure among AIDS patients, in VCT center at Omdurman military hospital. The type of this study is descriptive cross sectional survey to the individual to assess the association of refractive anomalies with HIV virus and to provide information about the refractive errors among AIDS patients. Although some patients are young, their near work is blurred and near point gradually recedes and considered as a failure of accommodative power which may be lenticular in origin or may be due to weakness of the ciliary muscle or to heterophoria. Investigations were carried out on (50) subjects, their age ranged between (20-50) years, they were (37) males and (13) females. Clinical examinations included, vision testing, outer eye and refraction, it was found that (46) patients have defective vision detailed as followed (15) myopic and (31) hypermetropic, and only (13) patients have been given prescriptions they were classified into (8) myopic (5) acquired hypermetropic and considered as an early presbyopia. This research revealed the necessity of health education and early ocular examination to HIV patient that is essential to enable their effectiveness contribution in general life. Key words: HIV patients, myopia, hypermetropia, accommodative failure, health education. الخلاصـــة : يهدف هذا البحث لاكتشاف الاخطاء البصرية وسط مرضي الايدز ولتقييم العيوب البصرية بين المرضى بمركز الفحص الطوعي بالمستشفي العسكري بأمدرمان، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي في الدارسة للتقييم والتزويد بالمعلومات عن الأخطاء البصرية وسط المرضى وبالرغم من أن بعض المرضى في سن مبكرة إلا أن رؤيتهم القريبة غير واضحة وأن المسافة الطبيعية لرؤية المسافات القريبة تتراجع تدريجياً مما يعتبر اعتلالاً في عملية التكيف البصري ويعود ذلك لأحد الأسباب الآتية: تصلب العدسة البلورية أو ضعف العضلات الهدبية أو حول خفي. تم اجراء فحص النظر علي عينة تتكون من (50) شخص مصاب بفيروس نقص المناعة المكتسب تتراوح أعمارهم بين (20-50) سنة منهم عدد (37) رجال و(13) من العنصر النسائي . وتم اجراء الآتي: كشف للنظر، فحص للعين الخارجية وتحديد القوة الانكسارية للعين، ووجد من بينهم عدد (46) مصاب باخطاء بصرية تفاصيلهم كالأتي : عدد (15) لديهم قصر نظر، عدد (31) لديهم طول نظر. تم اعطاء عدد (13) وصفة طبية منها عدد (8) للمرضى قصيري النظر وعدد (5) للمرضى طويلي النظر وكلهم ضمن صنف طول النظر المكتسب. خلاصة هذا البحث أن التوعية الصحية وكشف النظر المبكر لمرضى الايدز مهم جدا لتمكين المصابين من المشاركين في الحياة العامة بفعالية. الكلمات المفتاحية : مرضى الأيدز، قصر النظر، طول النظر، اعتلال العدسة البلورية، التوعية الصحية.