Browsing by Author "Susan Abdul-lateefShareef"

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    Isolation and ldentificationof Clostridium difficile and Other Clostridium Species Associated with Diarrheic Children and Their Susceptibility to Antimicrobial Agents
    (Al Neelain University, 2007-09) Susan Abdul-lateefShareef
    Clostridium species is part of the intestinal indigenous microbiota of young children and they can produce several endogenous infections Clostridium difiicile frequently colonizes the human large intestine when the normal colonic flora is disturbed by antibiotic therapy. The result of colonization may be asymptomatic, or it‘ may lead to illness, ranging from mild diarrhea to pseudo-membranous colitis. C. dlflicile is a major nosocomial pathogen, responsible for up to 20% of cases of antibiotic- associated diarrhea in industrialized countries, and is an emerging problem in developing countries. The study concerned 552 children, aged 15 days and 8 years. 351 fecal samples were taken from diarrheic children, and (201) were taken from non- diarrheic patient children carrier of C. difiicile who were at risk in whom CDAD may develop after using chemotherapeutic agents. Sixty-two isolates of Clostridium spp. were characterized by colony morphology on several media, spore shape and position, biochemical tests and GLC technique. They identified as: Clostridium septicum 5 (8.1 %), C. bifermentans ll (17.7 %), C. s0rdellii4 (6.45 %), C. perfringens 5 (8. 1 %), C. novyi 8 (13 %), C. botulinum 10 (16 %), C. sporogenes 13 (21 %), C. tetani 3 (4.8 %) and C. tertium 2 (3.2 %). One strain of Clostridium diflicile (1.61 %) was detected on selective medium (CCFA). A total of 202 cooked meat carbohydrates selective (CMC+S) broth indcillated with fecal samples, were tested for detection of Clostridium I514 ll 1 VIII .,l it-l 14¢ ll 1- 1» Hr» I I diflicile using C. diflicile antigen detector (latex agglutination test); 14 (7 %) of them were positive. Fatty acid analysis by gas-liquid chromatography technique was used for detection of isocaproic (iC6) peak in height of Z 2mm, and also valeric and isovaleric acids. We found that 13 of them (93%) yielded height peaks of iC6 acid Z 2 mm, while one of them yielded height peak < 2mm. The isolates were tested against eight kinds of antimicrobial agents included: Metronidazole, Tetracycline, Vancomycin, Naldilic Acid, Trimethoprim, Erythromycin, Kanamycin, Gentamycin and Clindamycine. The inhibition zone diameter showed that the most effective antimicrobial agents was metronidazole, followed by erythromycin and Naldilic acid, while most of species revealed no inhibitory zone against trimethoprim. There were high levels of multi-drug resistance among the clostridia isolated. This may be attributed to the irrational use of these chemotherapeutic agents.